As a hot-melt adhesive, ethylene-vinyl-acetate （EVA） has been used in many industrial applications. But studies of the application of EVA in wood-plastic composites （WPC） are relatively few, so we have investigate...As a hot-melt adhesive, ethylene-vinyl-acetate （EVA） has been used in many industrial applications. But studies of the application of EVA in wood-plastic composites （WPC） are relatively few, so we have investigated the proposition of whether EVA is a suitable coupling agent for WPC or not. The results show that EVA with 8% VA is not a suitable coupling agent, because it reduces the mechanical properties of WPC without any significant effect on its physical properties. With an increase in the amount of wood powder, the mechanical properties of WPC decrease and the ability of water absorption of WPC increases.展开更多
The influence of nanolignin coupling bio-agent on some characteristics of polypropylene-wood flour composites was studied.Thus,nanolignin was prepared by the acidic method,and then different ratios of it(0,1,3 and 5 w...The influence of nanolignin coupling bio-agent on some characteristics of polypropylene-wood flour composites was studied.Thus,nanolignin was prepared by the acidic method,and then different ratios of it(0,1,3 and 5 wt%)were added to a polypropylene-wood flour mixture.After mechanically mixing wood flour,nanolignin,and polypropylene,the mixture was injection molded.ASTM methods were used to measure the structural properties of nanolignin,and prepared composites’water absorption,thickness swelling,bending modulus,and bending,tensile and impact strengths.Transforming the original lignin to nanolignin did not change the chemical bonds of the material.The addition of nanolignin yielded improved mechanical and physical properties of the composites prepared.Higher strength and dimensional stability are presented by nanolignin-containing composites when comparing them with those prepared with normal lignin.Nanolignin was shown by SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope)observation to be uniformly dispersed within the polymer matrix.Wood polymer composites(WPCs)with nanolignin exhibited comparable properties with the control samples prepared using maleic anhydride polypropylene(MAPP).展开更多
The chemical composition of unpleasant smell, emitted from the production process of wood-plastic composites using Manchurian ash sawdust （Fraxinus mandschurica Rupr.） and polypropylene powder as the raw material, w...The chemical composition of unpleasant smell, emitted from the production process of wood-plastic composites using Manchurian ash sawdust （Fraxinus mandschurica Rupr.） and polypropylene powder as the raw material, was investigated. Wood sawdust and polypropylene powder were subjected to heat treatment to 290℃ during 8 min （the conditions were similar to those employed on an industrial scale）. The emitted compounds were collected and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. The analytical results showed that the unpleasant smell was emitted from the pyrogenation of wood sawdust rather than from the polypropylene powder. Nine types of compounds （hydrocarbons, ethers, phenols, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, acids and their derivatives, furan and its derivatives, and nitrogen-containing compounds） were collected in the gas phase during heating. Among those 126 components detected by GC-MS, 112 compounds were identified.展开更多
Utilization of biochar in plastic based blends offers a sustainable way to renewable materials as well as value-added use of wood waste.To investigate the interfacial compatibility and weatherability properties of bio...Utilization of biochar in plastic based blends offers a sustainable way to renewable materials as well as value-added use of wood waste.To investigate the interfacial compatibility and weatherability properties of biochar composites,four types of Wood-Plastic Composites(WPC)were prepared by an extrusion process.The mechanical properties,water absorptions,thermal and viscoelastic properties,and rheological behavior of the composites were also evaluated.The decolorizing carbon(NA)composite melts showed the higher modulus and viscosity,indicating better melt strength.The NA composites performed the best in tensile properties(strength of 2&6 MPa and modulus of 3.4 GPa)and had strong interfacial interaction between particles and the matrix.The degree of HDPE crystallinity in the biochar and carbon composites decreased relative to Douglas-fir(DF)composites,while the thermal properties of the composites improved compared with DF composites.For the water resistance,the DF composites displayed the highest water absorption(3.7%)and thickness swell(2.9%).During accelerated weathering tests,longer exposure time increased the color change and lightness,especially for DF composite.NA and biochar composites resulted in improved photostability.This study opens up a pathway to utilize effectively the renewable biochar as reinforcing filler in WPC in outdoor applications.展开更多
The present work reports the inclusion of different proportions of Mango/Sheesham/Mahogany/Babool dust to polypropylene for improving mechanical,wear behavior and biodegradability of wood-plastic composite(WPC).The wo...The present work reports the inclusion of different proportions of Mango/Sheesham/Mahogany/Babool dust to polypropylene for improving mechanical,wear behavior and biodegradability of wood-plastic composite(WPC).The wood dust(10%,15%,20%by weight)was mixed with polypropylene granules and WPCs were prepared using an injection molding technique.The mechanical,wear,and morphological characterizations of fabricated WPCs were carried out using standard ASTM methods,pin on disk apparatus,and scanning electron microscopy(SEM),respectively.Further,the biodegradability and resistance to natural weathering of WPCs were evaluated following ASTM D5338-11 and ASTM D1435-99,respectively.The WPCs consisting ofBabool and Sheesham dust were having superior mechanical properties whereas the WPCs consisting of Mango and Mahogany were more wear resistant.It was found that increasing wood powder proportion results in higher Young's modulus,lesser wear rate,and decreased stress at break.The WPCs made of Sheesham dust were least biodegradable.It was noticed that the biodegradability corresponds with resistance to natural weathering;more biodegradable WPCs were having the lesser resistance to natural weathering.展开更多
As a new product invented by the Research Institute of Wood Industry, no-formaldehyde wood-plastic composite plywood is the harvest of the cross-study on wood-plastic composite and plywood industry, It has no formalde...As a new product invented by the Research Institute of Wood Industry, no-formaldehyde wood-plastic composite plywood is the harvest of the cross-study on wood-plastic composite and plywood industry, It has no formaldehyde emission, with an excellent environment-friendly performance and a good bonding quafity. This paper analyses the strongpoints and market of this wood-plastic composite plywood.展开更多
A study is carried out on the structural design of wood-plastic composite floors. The geometric parameters of the cavities, the structure, and the means to optimize the performance of these light boards are investigat...A study is carried out on the structural design of wood-plastic composite floors. The geometric parameters of the cavities, the structure, and the means to optimize the performance of these light boards are investigated. Various structural parameters of the boards, such as size, shape, and the pattern of cavities are also studied. The optimal structure can be determined by calculation and analysis of the strength, stiffness, weight and cost of the material. A finite element model for the mechanical analysis of wood-plastic composite floors is established; and the results are used to verify the strength criteria under bending deformation, which is the most common loading condition of flooring board.展开更多
To make full use of plant shellfibers(rice husk,walnut shell,chestnut shell),three kinds of wood-plastic com-posites of plant shellfibers and polyvinyl chloride(PVC)were prepared.X-ray diffraction analysis was carried o...To make full use of plant shellfibers(rice husk,walnut shell,chestnut shell),three kinds of wood-plastic com-posites of plant shellfibers and polyvinyl chloride(PVC)were prepared.X-ray diffraction analysis was carried out on three kinds of plant shellfibers to test their crystallinity.The aging process of the composites was conducted under 2 different conditions.One was artificial seawater immersion and xenon lamp irradiation,and the other one was deionized water spray and xenon lamp irradiation.The mechanical properties(tensile strength,flexural strength,impact strength),changes in color,water absorption,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),and microstructures of the composites before and after the two aging experiments were analyzed.The results showed that the chestnut shell had the highest crystallinity,which was 42%.The chestnut shell/PVC composites had the strongest interface bonding,the least internal defects,and the best general mechanical properties among the three composites.Its tensile strength,bending strength and impact strength were 23.81 MPa,34.12 MPa,and 4.32 KJ·m^(-2),respectively.Comparing the two aging conditions,artificial seawater immersion and xenon lamp irradiation destroyed the quality of the combination of plant shellfibers and PVC,making the internal defects of the composites increase.This made the water absorption ability and changes in the color of the composites more obvious and led to a great decrease in the mechanical properties.The general mechanical properties of the chestnut shell/PVC composites were the best,but their water absorption ability changed more obviously.展开更多
文摘As a hot-melt adhesive, ethylene-vinyl-acetate （EVA） has been used in many industrial applications. But studies of the application of EVA in wood-plastic composites （WPC） are relatively few, so we have investigated the proposition of whether EVA is a suitable coupling agent for WPC or not. The results show that EVA with 8% VA is not a suitable coupling agent, because it reduces the mechanical properties of WPC without any significant effect on its physical properties. With an increase in the amount of wood powder, the mechanical properties of WPC decrease and the ability of water absorption of WPC increases.
文摘The influence of nanolignin coupling bio-agent on some characteristics of polypropylene-wood flour composites was studied.Thus,nanolignin was prepared by the acidic method,and then different ratios of it(0,1,3 and 5 wt%)were added to a polypropylene-wood flour mixture.After mechanically mixing wood flour,nanolignin,and polypropylene,the mixture was injection molded.ASTM methods were used to measure the structural properties of nanolignin,and prepared composites’water absorption,thickness swelling,bending modulus,and bending,tensile and impact strengths.Transforming the original lignin to nanolignin did not change the chemical bonds of the material.The addition of nanolignin yielded improved mechanical and physical properties of the composites prepared.Higher strength and dimensional stability are presented by nanolignin-containing composites when comparing them with those prepared with normal lignin.Nanolignin was shown by SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope)observation to be uniformly dispersed within the polymer matrix.Wood polymer composites(WPCs)with nanolignin exhibited comparable properties with the control samples prepared using maleic anhydride polypropylene(MAPP).
文摘The chemical composition of unpleasant smell, emitted from the production process of wood-plastic composites using Manchurian ash sawdust （Fraxinus mandschurica Rupr.） and polypropylene powder as the raw material, was investigated. Wood sawdust and polypropylene powder were subjected to heat treatment to 290℃ during 8 min （the conditions were similar to those employed on an industrial scale）. The emitted compounds were collected and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. The analytical results showed that the unpleasant smell was emitted from the pyrogenation of wood sawdust rather than from the polypropylene powder. Nine types of compounds （hydrocarbons, ethers, phenols, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, acids and their derivatives, furan and its derivatives, and nitrogen-containing compounds） were collected in the gas phase during heating. Among those 126 components detected by GC-MS, 112 compounds were identified.
文摘Utilization of biochar in plastic based blends offers a sustainable way to renewable materials as well as value-added use of wood waste.To investigate the interfacial compatibility and weatherability properties of biochar composites,four types of Wood-Plastic Composites(WPC)were prepared by an extrusion process.The mechanical properties,water absorptions,thermal and viscoelastic properties,and rheological behavior of the composites were also evaluated.The decolorizing carbon(NA)composite melts showed the higher modulus and viscosity,indicating better melt strength.The NA composites performed the best in tensile properties(strength of 2&6 MPa and modulus of 3.4 GPa)and had strong interfacial interaction between particles and the matrix.The degree of HDPE crystallinity in the biochar and carbon composites decreased relative to Douglas-fir(DF)composites,while the thermal properties of the composites improved compared with DF composites.For the water resistance,the DF composites displayed the highest water absorption(3.7%)and thickness swell(2.9%).During accelerated weathering tests,longer exposure time increased the color change and lightness,especially for DF composite.NA and biochar composites resulted in improved photostability.This study opens up a pathway to utilize effectively the renewable biochar as reinforcing filler in WPC in outdoor applications.
文摘The present work reports the inclusion of different proportions of Mango/Sheesham/Mahogany/Babool dust to polypropylene for improving mechanical,wear behavior and biodegradability of wood-plastic composite(WPC).The wood dust(10%,15%,20%by weight)was mixed with polypropylene granules and WPCs were prepared using an injection molding technique.The mechanical,wear,and morphological characterizations of fabricated WPCs were carried out using standard ASTM methods,pin on disk apparatus,and scanning electron microscopy(SEM),respectively.Further,the biodegradability and resistance to natural weathering of WPCs were evaluated following ASTM D5338-11 and ASTM D1435-99,respectively.The WPCs consisting ofBabool and Sheesham dust were having superior mechanical properties whereas the WPCs consisting of Mango and Mahogany were more wear resistant.It was found that increasing wood powder proportion results in higher Young's modulus,lesser wear rate,and decreased stress at break.The WPCs made of Sheesham dust were least biodegradable.It was noticed that the biodegradability corresponds with resistance to natural weathering;more biodegradable WPCs were having the lesser resistance to natural weathering.
文摘As a new product invented by the Research Institute of Wood Industry, no-formaldehyde wood-plastic composite plywood is the harvest of the cross-study on wood-plastic composite and plywood industry, It has no formaldehyde emission, with an excellent environment-friendly performance and a good bonding quafity. This paper analyses the strongpoints and market of this wood-plastic composite plywood.
基金Project supported by the National 12th Five-Year Plan of Science and Technology with Grant No.2012BAD23B0203
文摘A study is carried out on the structural design of wood-plastic composite floors. The geometric parameters of the cavities, the structure, and the means to optimize the performance of these light boards are investigated. Various structural parameters of the boards, such as size, shape, and the pattern of cavities are also studied. The optimal structure can be determined by calculation and analysis of the strength, stiffness, weight and cost of the material. A finite element model for the mechanical analysis of wood-plastic composite floors is established; and the results are used to verify the strength criteria under bending deformation, which is the most common loading condition of flooring board.
基金This study was supported by the financial support of Natural Science Research Projects in Higher Education Institutions in Jiangsu Province(No.18KJD430002).
文摘To make full use of plant shellfibers(rice husk,walnut shell,chestnut shell),three kinds of wood-plastic com-posites of plant shellfibers and polyvinyl chloride(PVC)were prepared.X-ray diffraction analysis was carried out on three kinds of plant shellfibers to test their crystallinity.The aging process of the composites was conducted under 2 different conditions.One was artificial seawater immersion and xenon lamp irradiation,and the other one was deionized water spray and xenon lamp irradiation.The mechanical properties(tensile strength,flexural strength,impact strength),changes in color,water absorption,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),and microstructures of the composites before and after the two aging experiments were analyzed.The results showed that the chestnut shell had the highest crystallinity,which was 42%.The chestnut shell/PVC composites had the strongest interface bonding,the least internal defects,and the best general mechanical properties among the three composites.Its tensile strength,bending strength and impact strength were 23.81 MPa,34.12 MPa,and 4.32 KJ·m^(-2),respectively.Comparing the two aging conditions,artificial seawater immersion and xenon lamp irradiation destroyed the quality of the combination of plant shellfibers and PVC,making the internal defects of the composites increase.This made the water absorption ability and changes in the color of the composites more obvious and led to a great decrease in the mechanical properties.The general mechanical properties of the chestnut shell/PVC composites were the best,but their water absorption ability changed more obviously.
