Assessment of railway wheel slide protection(WSP) systems involves the execution of complex experimental activities that are quite expensive and time-consuming, since they involve the physical reproduction of degraded...Assessment of railway wheel slide protection(WSP) systems involves the execution of complex experimental activities that are quite expensive and time-consuming, since they involve the physical reproduction of degraded adhesion conditions on a real railway line. WSP is devoted to regulating applied braking forces to avoid excessive wheel sliding in case of degraded adhesion conditions between wheel and rail. WSP must be also compliant to safety specifications related to assured braking performances and consumed air. Hardware in the loop(HIL) testing offers an affordable and sustainable way to accelerate these activities optimizing cost, duration and safety of experimental activities performed online. HIL test rigs are subjected to continuous updates, customization and natural ageing of their components. This work investigates the criteria that can be adopted to assure a continuous monitoring and validation of a real WSP test rig, the Italian test rig of Firenze Osmannoro.展开更多
Alpha proteobacteria of the genus Wolbachia are a widespread group of maternally inherited endosymbionts of arthropod and nematode hosts. Wolbachia infection induces a range of host phenotypes, including cytoplasmic i...Alpha proteobacteria of the genus Wolbachia are a widespread group of maternally inherited endosymbionts of arthropod and nematode hosts. Wolbachia infection induces a range of host phenotypes, including cytoplasmic incompatibility, male killing, feminization and thelytoky induction. Heterogony (cyclical parthenogenesis) is a remarkable characteristic of oak gall wasps, Cynipini, which is the largest tribe in Cynipidae. A few species of Cynipini are exceptionally,which are univoltine and exhibit thelytokous parthenogenesis, probably due to deletion of the arrhenotokous generation from their heterogonic ancestor species with Wolbachia infection. In this study, the presence of Wolbachia was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers for the wsp genes in a thelytokous species (Dryocosmus kuriphilus) of the Cynipini. The wsp characteristic 617 bp product was obtained after amplification of extracts from Zhuzhou population. The sequence clearly conformed to Wolbachia group A and was nearly identical to that of Plagiotrochus quercusilicis. The possible implications of Wolbachia infection in the gallwasp are discussed.展开更多
采用Wolbachia的通用引物对白蜡虫优势寄生蜂之一,白蜡虫阔柄跳小蜂(Metaphycus ericeriXu et Jiang)体内Wolbachia的wsp基因进行PCR扩增,以此为模板结合Wolbachia的A大组和B大组的特异性引物进行巢式PCR扩增,结果表明:白蜡虫阔柄跳小蜂...采用Wolbachia的通用引物对白蜡虫优势寄生蜂之一,白蜡虫阔柄跳小蜂(Metaphycus ericeriXu et Jiang)体内Wolbachia的wsp基因进行PCR扩增,以此为模板结合Wolbachia的A大组和B大组的特异性引物进行巢式PCR扩增,结果表明:白蜡虫阔柄跳小蜂被A大组和B大组Wolbachia复合感染,将两种寄生蜂感染的A大组和B大组Wolbachia基因片段以及采用通用引物获得的基因片段分别命名为wMeeriA、wMeeriB和wMeeri,对应的片段长度分别为554、439、599 bp。系统发育分析表明:白蜡虫阔柄跳小蜂感染的Wolbachia分属于A大组以及B大组的Con亚组。所获得的序列已经递交到NCBI,登录号分别为:HQ161162、HQ161163和HQ161164。展开更多
【目的】对美洲棘蓟马体内共生菌Wolbachia进行分子生物学鉴定,确定该蓟马体内Wolbachia的进化位置,为进一步探讨Wolbachia对其生殖作用的调控机制提供理论依据。【方法】以wsp基因为目的基因,对美洲棘蓟马体内的共生菌Wolbachia进行特...【目的】对美洲棘蓟马体内共生菌Wolbachia进行分子生物学鉴定,确定该蓟马体内Wolbachia的进化位置,为进一步探讨Wolbachia对其生殖作用的调控机制提供理论依据。【方法】以wsp基因为目的基因,对美洲棘蓟马体内的共生菌Wolbachia进行特异性扩增和测序,使用Clustal X 1.83软件对所得DNA序列进行比对;在MEGA 4.0软件中采用邻接法对Wolbachia的系统发育关系进行分析。【结果】利用wsp基因的特异性引物从美洲棘蓟马体内扩增出了632bp的Wolbachia的wsp基因片段(GenBank登录号为JN315668),580bp的Wolbachia A群的wsp基因片段和405bp的Mel亚群的wsp基因片段。系统发育分析结果表明,美洲棘蓟马体内的Wolbachia与黑腹果蝇亲缘关系较近。【结论】美洲棘蓟马体内感染的Wolbachia属于A群Mel亚群。展开更多
文摘Assessment of railway wheel slide protection(WSP) systems involves the execution of complex experimental activities that are quite expensive and time-consuming, since they involve the physical reproduction of degraded adhesion conditions on a real railway line. WSP is devoted to regulating applied braking forces to avoid excessive wheel sliding in case of degraded adhesion conditions between wheel and rail. WSP must be also compliant to safety specifications related to assured braking performances and consumed air. Hardware in the loop(HIL) testing offers an affordable and sustainable way to accelerate these activities optimizing cost, duration and safety of experimental activities performed online. HIL test rigs are subjected to continuous updates, customization and natural ageing of their components. This work investigates the criteria that can be adopted to assure a continuous monitoring and validation of a real WSP test rig, the Italian test rig of Firenze Osmannoro.
文摘Alpha proteobacteria of the genus Wolbachia are a widespread group of maternally inherited endosymbionts of arthropod and nematode hosts. Wolbachia infection induces a range of host phenotypes, including cytoplasmic incompatibility, male killing, feminization and thelytoky induction. Heterogony (cyclical parthenogenesis) is a remarkable characteristic of oak gall wasps, Cynipini, which is the largest tribe in Cynipidae. A few species of Cynipini are exceptionally,which are univoltine and exhibit thelytokous parthenogenesis, probably due to deletion of the arrhenotokous generation from their heterogonic ancestor species with Wolbachia infection. In this study, the presence of Wolbachia was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers for the wsp genes in a thelytokous species (Dryocosmus kuriphilus) of the Cynipini. The wsp characteristic 617 bp product was obtained after amplification of extracts from Zhuzhou population. The sequence clearly conformed to Wolbachia group A and was nearly identical to that of Plagiotrochus quercusilicis. The possible implications of Wolbachia infection in the gallwasp are discussed.
文摘Wolbachia是广泛分布于昆虫细胞内的一类共生菌,为明确Wolbachia在沟眶象Eucryptorrhynchus chinensis(Olivier)体内的感染情况和分类地位,采用Wolbachia的wsp基因片段对沟眶象5个地理种群(宁夏灵武、中宁、中卫、安徽淮北、山东聊城)共100个样本,进行分子检测。经过克隆和测序得到wsp基因片段593 bp(Gen Bank number:KP713759),明确了沟眶象体内存在Wolbachia的感染,并且其在不同地理种群内的感染率均为100%;通过wsp通用引物检测发现沟眶象体内感染了1种Wolbachia,属于A群Dro亚群。
文摘采用Wolbachia的通用引物对白蜡虫优势寄生蜂之一,白蜡虫阔柄跳小蜂(Metaphycus ericeriXu et Jiang)体内Wolbachia的wsp基因进行PCR扩增,以此为模板结合Wolbachia的A大组和B大组的特异性引物进行巢式PCR扩增,结果表明:白蜡虫阔柄跳小蜂被A大组和B大组Wolbachia复合感染,将两种寄生蜂感染的A大组和B大组Wolbachia基因片段以及采用通用引物获得的基因片段分别命名为wMeeriA、wMeeriB和wMeeri,对应的片段长度分别为554、439、599 bp。系统发育分析表明:白蜡虫阔柄跳小蜂感染的Wolbachia分属于A大组以及B大组的Con亚组。所获得的序列已经递交到NCBI,登录号分别为:HQ161162、HQ161163和HQ161164。
文摘【目的】对美洲棘蓟马体内共生菌Wolbachia进行分子生物学鉴定,确定该蓟马体内Wolbachia的进化位置,为进一步探讨Wolbachia对其生殖作用的调控机制提供理论依据。【方法】以wsp基因为目的基因,对美洲棘蓟马体内的共生菌Wolbachia进行特异性扩增和测序,使用Clustal X 1.83软件对所得DNA序列进行比对;在MEGA 4.0软件中采用邻接法对Wolbachia的系统发育关系进行分析。【结果】利用wsp基因的特异性引物从美洲棘蓟马体内扩增出了632bp的Wolbachia的wsp基因片段(GenBank登录号为JN315668),580bp的Wolbachia A群的wsp基因片段和405bp的Mel亚群的wsp基因片段。系统发育分析结果表明,美洲棘蓟马体内的Wolbachia与黑腹果蝇亲缘关系较近。【结论】美洲棘蓟马体内感染的Wolbachia属于A群Mel亚群。
