Men and women at Northwest University (n=751), Xi'an, China were asked to judge the attractiveness of photographsof female patients who had undergone micrograft surgery to reduce their waist-to-hip ratios (WHR). M...Men and women at Northwest University (n=751), Xi'an, China were asked to judge the attractiveness of photographsof female patients who had undergone micrograft surgery to reduce their waist-to-hip ratios (WHR). Micrograft surgeryinvolves harvesting adipose tissue from the waist and reshaping the buttocks to produce a low WHR and an 'hourglass' femalefigure. This gynoid distribution of female body fat has been shown to correlate with measures of fertility and health. Significantlylarger numbers of subjects, of both sexes, chose post-operative photographs, with lower WHRs, as more attractive thanpre-operative photographs of the same women. Some patients had gained, and some had lost weight, post-operatively, with resultantchanges in body mass index (BMI). However, these changes in BMI were not related to judgments of attractiveness. Theseresults show that the hourglass female figure is rated as attractive in China, and that WHR, rather than BMI, plays a crucial role insuch attractiveness展开更多
Background: The present study was conducted to examine the association between various coronary risk factors and clinical parameters, with special emphasis on ankle-brachial index, in predicting the severity and compl...Background: The present study was conducted to examine the association between various coronary risk factors and clinical parameters, with special emphasis on ankle-brachial index, in predicting the severity and complexity of coronary artery disease. Methods: Patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease at our hospital between September-2012 and December-2014 were examined in this study. Selected patients were screened for cardiovascular risk factors including diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and alcohol habits as well as for clinical parameters including body-mass index, waist-hip ratio, ankle-brachial index, and ejection fraction. All patients underwent coronary angiography and were evaluated for severity of coronary artery disease (based on number of vessels involved) and complexity of coronary angiographic lesions (measured by computer-assisted Syntax score calculator). The collected data were analyzed to determine the role of cardiovascular risk factors and clinical parameters as predictors of complexity and severity of coronary artery disease. Results: A total of 211 patients (mean age: 54.64 ± 9.9 years;81% males) with coronary artery disease were analyzed. Findings revealed that diabetes mellitus (p < 0.001), hypertension (p < 0.001), smoking habits (p = 0.036), and low ankle-brachial index (p < 0.001) were independent predictors of complex coronary artery disease as measured by Syntax score. Significant associations were also evident between severity of coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus (p < 0.001), hypertension (p < 0.001), and ankle-brachial index (p < 0.001). Conversely, other cardiovascular risk factors including body-mass index, alcohol habits, wait-hip ratio, and ejection fraction did not exhibit significant associations with severity and complexity of coronary artery. Conclusions: The early diagnosis of coronary artery can be predicated by evaluating diabetes, hypertension, and smoking habits in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome. In addition, ankle-brachial index can be used as an effective non-invasive bed-side tool, as an alternative to Syntax score, in predicting the severity and complexity of coronary artery disease.展开更多
目的:研究正常-超重-肥胖青少年外周血C-反应蛋白(CRP)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平,以探讨11岁~19岁正常-超重-肥胖青少年间慢性炎症方面是否存在着差异,为寻找更有效的预防手段提供参考。方法:对9969名11岁~19岁的中学生行肥胖筛...目的:研究正常-超重-肥胖青少年外周血C-反应蛋白(CRP)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平,以探讨11岁~19岁正常-超重-肥胖青少年间慢性炎症方面是否存在着差异,为寻找更有效的预防手段提供参考。方法:对9969名11岁~19岁的中学生行肥胖筛查,纳入肥胖267例,超重185例,正常136例,测量体质量、身高、腰围和臀围,并计算体质量指数(BMI,body mass index)、腰臀比(WHR,waist-hip-ratio)、腰高比(WHTR,waist-height-ratio);空腹静脉取血,测定CRP和IL-6水平。结果:三组腰围、臀围、腰臀比和腰高比差异均有显著性(P〈0.0001),三组血清CRP和IL-6水平间差异均无显著性(P〉0.05);肥胖指标BMI、WHR及WHTR间存在正相关,炎症指标CRP及IL-6与肥胖指标BMI、WHR及WHTR间不存在相关。结论:11岁~19岁超重肥胖者机体可能存在炎症指标的异常,但与肥胖关系并不很密切。展开更多
目的:研究多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)患者腰臀比与糖脂代谢、胰岛素样生长因子-1(insulin-like growth factor-1,IGF-1)、胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)的相关性。方法:选择2018年1月至2021年9月南京医科大...目的:研究多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)患者腰臀比与糖脂代谢、胰岛素样生长因子-1(insulin-like growth factor-1,IGF-1)、胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)的相关性。方法:选择2018年1月至2021年9月南京医科大学附属江苏盛泽医院收治的PCOS患者110例作为PCOS组,另选择同期健康体检者60例作为对照组。测定两组腰臀比、糖脂代谢指标、IGF-1以及稳态模式IR指数(HOMA-IR),其中糖脂代谢指标包括空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PBG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、三酰甘油(TG)和空腹胰岛素(FINS)。将PCOS组中腰臀比≥0.80的患者纳入腹型肥胖组,<0.80的患者纳入非腹型肥胖组,比较两组糖脂代谢指标、IGF-1及HOMA-IR。采用Pearson相关分析PCOS患者腰臀比与糖脂代谢、IGF-1及IR的相关性。采用ROC曲线分析腰臀比对PCOS患者糖脂代谢异常、IGF-1及IR的预测价值。结果:与对照组相比,PCOS组腰臀比、2 h PBG、LDL-C、TG、FINS、IGF-1、HOMA-IR水平均明显增高,HDL-C水平明显降低(P均<0.05),FPG、TC水平差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。与非腹型肥胖组相比,腹型肥胖组2 h PBG、LDL-C、TG、FINS、IGF-1、HOMA-IR水平明显增高,HDL-C水平明显降低(P均<0.05),FPG、TC水平差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。PCOS患者腰臀比与2 h PBG、TG、IGF-1、HOMA-IR呈明显正相关,与HDL-C呈明显负相关(P均<0.05)。腰臀比对PCOS患者血糖、血脂代谢异常及IR均具有较好的预测价值(AUC分别为0.821、0.793、0.782)。结论:PCOS患者尤其是腰臀比较高的患者表现为明显的糖脂代谢紊乱、IGF-1异常增高以及IR,且腰臀比对PCOS患者糖脂代谢异常、IR具有较好的预测价值。展开更多
In view of the fact that Asians have higher abdominal fat at lower levels of body mass index (BMI), measures of abdominal adiposity such as waist circumference (WC) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were investigated as pr...In view of the fact that Asians have higher abdominal fat at lower levels of body mass index (BMI), measures of abdominal adiposity such as waist circumference (WC) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were investigated as predictors of hypertension. Data on BMI, WC, WHR and blood pressure (BP) were recorded through a cross-sectional study on 419 urban adults (210 men and 209 women;aged 30-60 years) in Pune, India. Abdominal obesity was higher among women than men (35.9% vs. 32.4%). However, age adjusted mean systolic BP (124.3 ± 15.1 mmHg vs. 114.7 ± 17.2 mmHg), diastolic BP (82.9 ± 10.5 mmHg vs. 76.4 ± 10.7 mmHg) and prevalence of hypertension (34.3% vs. 21.5%) was significantly higher (p < 0.01) among men than among women. Although both WC and WHR increased with increase in BMI, correlation coefficient of BMI with WC was significantly (p < 0.01) higher than that with WHR in both sexes, suggesting that WC could be better for assessing adiposity. In men, odds ratio [OR (95% CI) = 2.19 (1.08-4.45)] for hypertension was significant (p < 0.05) only for those in highest tertile of WC while it was significant (p < 0.01) even in the middle tertile in case of women [8.24 (2.67-25.43) for higher and 5.71 (1.82-17.89) for middle tertile]. Optimal cutoff for identifying obesity and hypertension showed significant (p < 0.01) area under curve (AUC) and sensitivity for WC than WHR in both sexes. The risk cutoffs were lower compared to those proposed by the World Health Organization especially for men, but were comparable with reported Asian studies. Thus, it was evident that WC performed better than BMI and WHR for assessing the risk of hypertension and may be used as a simple, convenient and inexpensive screening tool in epidemiological studies.展开更多
AIM: To establish percentile curves and to explore prevalence and correlates of central obesity among Yemeni children in a population based cross-sectional study.METHODS: A representative sample of 3114 Yemeni childre...AIM: To establish percentile curves and to explore prevalence and correlates of central obesity among Yemeni children in a population based cross-sectional study.METHODS: A representative sample of 3114 Yemeni children(1564 boys,1550 girls) aged 6-19 years participating in the HYpertension and Diabetes in Yemen study was studied.Data collection was conducted at home by survey teams composed of two investigators of both genders.Study questionnaire included questions about demographics,lifestyle,and medical history.Anthropometric measurements included body weight,height,waist circumference(WC) and hip circumferences.Waist to hip ratio(WHR) and waist-toheight ratio(WHtR) were then calculated.Age and gender specific smoothed percentiles of WC,WHR,and WHtR were obtained using lambda-mu-sigma parameters(LMS method).The independent predictors of central obesity defined as(1) WC percentile ≥ 90th;(2) WHtR ≥ 0.5;or(3) WC percentile ≥ 90thand WHtR ≥ 0.5,were identified at multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age,gender,urban/rural location,years of school education,sedentary/active life-style.RESULTS: Percentile curves for WC,WHR and WHtR are presented.Average WC increased with age for both genders.Boys had a higher WC than girls until early adolescence and thereafter girls had higher values than boys.WHR decreased both in boys and girls until early adolescence.Thereafter while in boys it plateaued in girls it continued to decrease.Mean WHtR decreased until early adolescence with no gender related differences and thereafter increased more in girls than in boys towards adult age.Prevalence of central obesity largely varied according to the definition used which was 10.9% for WC ≥ 90thpercentile,18.3% for WHtR ≥ 0.5,and 8.6% when fulfilling both criteria.At adjusted logistic regression WC ≥ 90thpercentiles and WHtR ≥ 0.5 were less prevalent in rural than in urban areas(OR = 0.52,95%CI: 0.41-0.67 and 0.66,0.54-0.79 respectively),being more prevalent in children with sedentary lifestyle rather than an active one(1.52,95%CI: 1.17-1.98 and 1.42,95%CI: 1.14-1.75,respectively).CONCLUSION: Yemeni children central obesity indicespercentile curves are presented.Central obesity prevalence varied according to the definition used and was more prevalent in urban sedentary subjects.展开更多
文摘Men and women at Northwest University (n=751), Xi'an, China were asked to judge the attractiveness of photographsof female patients who had undergone micrograft surgery to reduce their waist-to-hip ratios (WHR). Micrograft surgeryinvolves harvesting adipose tissue from the waist and reshaping the buttocks to produce a low WHR and an 'hourglass' femalefigure. This gynoid distribution of female body fat has been shown to correlate with measures of fertility and health. Significantlylarger numbers of subjects, of both sexes, chose post-operative photographs, with lower WHRs, as more attractive thanpre-operative photographs of the same women. Some patients had gained, and some had lost weight, post-operatively, with resultantchanges in body mass index (BMI). However, these changes in BMI were not related to judgments of attractiveness. Theseresults show that the hourglass female figure is rated as attractive in China, and that WHR, rather than BMI, plays a crucial role insuch attractiveness
文摘Background: The present study was conducted to examine the association between various coronary risk factors and clinical parameters, with special emphasis on ankle-brachial index, in predicting the severity and complexity of coronary artery disease. Methods: Patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease at our hospital between September-2012 and December-2014 were examined in this study. Selected patients were screened for cardiovascular risk factors including diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and alcohol habits as well as for clinical parameters including body-mass index, waist-hip ratio, ankle-brachial index, and ejection fraction. All patients underwent coronary angiography and were evaluated for severity of coronary artery disease (based on number of vessels involved) and complexity of coronary angiographic lesions (measured by computer-assisted Syntax score calculator). The collected data were analyzed to determine the role of cardiovascular risk factors and clinical parameters as predictors of complexity and severity of coronary artery disease. Results: A total of 211 patients (mean age: 54.64 ± 9.9 years;81% males) with coronary artery disease were analyzed. Findings revealed that diabetes mellitus (p < 0.001), hypertension (p < 0.001), smoking habits (p = 0.036), and low ankle-brachial index (p < 0.001) were independent predictors of complex coronary artery disease as measured by Syntax score. Significant associations were also evident between severity of coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus (p < 0.001), hypertension (p < 0.001), and ankle-brachial index (p < 0.001). Conversely, other cardiovascular risk factors including body-mass index, alcohol habits, wait-hip ratio, and ejection fraction did not exhibit significant associations with severity and complexity of coronary artery. Conclusions: The early diagnosis of coronary artery can be predicated by evaluating diabetes, hypertension, and smoking habits in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome. In addition, ankle-brachial index can be used as an effective non-invasive bed-side tool, as an alternative to Syntax score, in predicting the severity and complexity of coronary artery disease.
文摘目的:研究正常-超重-肥胖青少年外周血C-反应蛋白(CRP)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平,以探讨11岁~19岁正常-超重-肥胖青少年间慢性炎症方面是否存在着差异,为寻找更有效的预防手段提供参考。方法:对9969名11岁~19岁的中学生行肥胖筛查,纳入肥胖267例,超重185例,正常136例,测量体质量、身高、腰围和臀围,并计算体质量指数(BMI,body mass index)、腰臀比(WHR,waist-hip-ratio)、腰高比(WHTR,waist-height-ratio);空腹静脉取血,测定CRP和IL-6水平。结果:三组腰围、臀围、腰臀比和腰高比差异均有显著性(P〈0.0001),三组血清CRP和IL-6水平间差异均无显著性(P〉0.05);肥胖指标BMI、WHR及WHTR间存在正相关,炎症指标CRP及IL-6与肥胖指标BMI、WHR及WHTR间不存在相关。结论:11岁~19岁超重肥胖者机体可能存在炎症指标的异常,但与肥胖关系并不很密切。
文摘目的:研究多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)患者腰臀比与糖脂代谢、胰岛素样生长因子-1(insulin-like growth factor-1,IGF-1)、胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)的相关性。方法:选择2018年1月至2021年9月南京医科大学附属江苏盛泽医院收治的PCOS患者110例作为PCOS组,另选择同期健康体检者60例作为对照组。测定两组腰臀比、糖脂代谢指标、IGF-1以及稳态模式IR指数(HOMA-IR),其中糖脂代谢指标包括空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PBG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、三酰甘油(TG)和空腹胰岛素(FINS)。将PCOS组中腰臀比≥0.80的患者纳入腹型肥胖组,<0.80的患者纳入非腹型肥胖组,比较两组糖脂代谢指标、IGF-1及HOMA-IR。采用Pearson相关分析PCOS患者腰臀比与糖脂代谢、IGF-1及IR的相关性。采用ROC曲线分析腰臀比对PCOS患者糖脂代谢异常、IGF-1及IR的预测价值。结果:与对照组相比,PCOS组腰臀比、2 h PBG、LDL-C、TG、FINS、IGF-1、HOMA-IR水平均明显增高,HDL-C水平明显降低(P均<0.05),FPG、TC水平差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。与非腹型肥胖组相比,腹型肥胖组2 h PBG、LDL-C、TG、FINS、IGF-1、HOMA-IR水平明显增高,HDL-C水平明显降低(P均<0.05),FPG、TC水平差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。PCOS患者腰臀比与2 h PBG、TG、IGF-1、HOMA-IR呈明显正相关,与HDL-C呈明显负相关(P均<0.05)。腰臀比对PCOS患者血糖、血脂代谢异常及IR均具有较好的预测价值(AUC分别为0.821、0.793、0.782)。结论:PCOS患者尤其是腰臀比较高的患者表现为明显的糖脂代谢紊乱、IGF-1异常增高以及IR,且腰臀比对PCOS患者糖脂代谢异常、IR具有较好的预测价值。
文摘In view of the fact that Asians have higher abdominal fat at lower levels of body mass index (BMI), measures of abdominal adiposity such as waist circumference (WC) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were investigated as predictors of hypertension. Data on BMI, WC, WHR and blood pressure (BP) were recorded through a cross-sectional study on 419 urban adults (210 men and 209 women;aged 30-60 years) in Pune, India. Abdominal obesity was higher among women than men (35.9% vs. 32.4%). However, age adjusted mean systolic BP (124.3 ± 15.1 mmHg vs. 114.7 ± 17.2 mmHg), diastolic BP (82.9 ± 10.5 mmHg vs. 76.4 ± 10.7 mmHg) and prevalence of hypertension (34.3% vs. 21.5%) was significantly higher (p < 0.01) among men than among women. Although both WC and WHR increased with increase in BMI, correlation coefficient of BMI with WC was significantly (p < 0.01) higher than that with WHR in both sexes, suggesting that WC could be better for assessing adiposity. In men, odds ratio [OR (95% CI) = 2.19 (1.08-4.45)] for hypertension was significant (p < 0.05) only for those in highest tertile of WC while it was significant (p < 0.01) even in the middle tertile in case of women [8.24 (2.67-25.43) for higher and 5.71 (1.82-17.89) for middle tertile]. Optimal cutoff for identifying obesity and hypertension showed significant (p < 0.01) area under curve (AUC) and sensitivity for WC than WHR in both sexes. The risk cutoffs were lower compared to those proposed by the World Health Organization especially for men, but were comparable with reported Asian studies. Thus, it was evident that WC performed better than BMI and WHR for assessing the risk of hypertension and may be used as a simple, convenient and inexpensive screening tool in epidemiological studies.
基金Supported by HYpertension and Diabetes in Yemen Project is part of the Executive Programme of Scientific and Technological Cooperation between Italy and Yemen for the years 2006-2009MIUR(Direzione Generale per le strategie e lo sviluppo dell’internazionalizzazione della ricerca scientifica e tecnologica),Rome,ItalyMenarini International Operations Luxembourg SA
文摘AIM: To establish percentile curves and to explore prevalence and correlates of central obesity among Yemeni children in a population based cross-sectional study.METHODS: A representative sample of 3114 Yemeni children(1564 boys,1550 girls) aged 6-19 years participating in the HYpertension and Diabetes in Yemen study was studied.Data collection was conducted at home by survey teams composed of two investigators of both genders.Study questionnaire included questions about demographics,lifestyle,and medical history.Anthropometric measurements included body weight,height,waist circumference(WC) and hip circumferences.Waist to hip ratio(WHR) and waist-toheight ratio(WHtR) were then calculated.Age and gender specific smoothed percentiles of WC,WHR,and WHtR were obtained using lambda-mu-sigma parameters(LMS method).The independent predictors of central obesity defined as(1) WC percentile ≥ 90th;(2) WHtR ≥ 0.5;or(3) WC percentile ≥ 90thand WHtR ≥ 0.5,were identified at multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age,gender,urban/rural location,years of school education,sedentary/active life-style.RESULTS: Percentile curves for WC,WHR and WHtR are presented.Average WC increased with age for both genders.Boys had a higher WC than girls until early adolescence and thereafter girls had higher values than boys.WHR decreased both in boys and girls until early adolescence.Thereafter while in boys it plateaued in girls it continued to decrease.Mean WHtR decreased until early adolescence with no gender related differences and thereafter increased more in girls than in boys towards adult age.Prevalence of central obesity largely varied according to the definition used which was 10.9% for WC ≥ 90thpercentile,18.3% for WHtR ≥ 0.5,and 8.6% when fulfilling both criteria.At adjusted logistic regression WC ≥ 90thpercentiles and WHtR ≥ 0.5 were less prevalent in rural than in urban areas(OR = 0.52,95%CI: 0.41-0.67 and 0.66,0.54-0.79 respectively),being more prevalent in children with sedentary lifestyle rather than an active one(1.52,95%CI: 1.17-1.98 and 1.42,95%CI: 1.14-1.75,respectively).CONCLUSION: Yemeni children central obesity indicespercentile curves are presented.Central obesity prevalence varied according to the definition used and was more prevalent in urban sedentary subjects.