GC-MS and NMR analysis of the bioactive compounds from the crude extracts of Waltheria indica and the histopathological changes induced in albino rats challenged with Naja nigricollis venom

Objective:To develop a characteristic fingerprint of the different chemical compounds of plant by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer(GC-MS)and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)analysis and assess the effect of the crude extract on histological changes induced in Naja nigricollis(N.nigricollis)envenomed albino rats.Methods:The coarsely powdered Waltheria indica(W.indica)whole plant material was extracted using 70%methanol.GC-MS analysis was carried out using a Shimadzu GC-MS QP 2010 plus system of gas chromatography interfaced to a mass spectrometer.The identification of components was based on National Institute of Standard and Technology-08 and Willey-8 libraries.Hydrogen-NMR spectra of the extracts was performed using Bruker Biospin Avance 400-MHz NMR spectrophotometer with a 5 mm broad inverse probe head,equipped with shielded z-gradient accessories and C-13 NMR hetero-nuclear single quantum correction was carried out using the Brucker’s standard pulse library.The efficacy of the crude extract of W.indica whole plant was tested and the lesions induced in the liver,brain and kidney of albino rats challenged with N.nigricollis were analyzed by light microscopy.Results:The identification of the bioactive compounds from W.indica by GC-MS analysis revealed 41 peaks.A total of 38 compounds were identified with majority having important pharmacological activities that included anti-microbial,anti-cancer,anti-oxidant antiinflammatory,anti-allergenic,anti-ageing,anti-arthritic,larvicidal,anti-convulsant and herbicidal activities.C-13 and hydrogen-NMR analysis of W.indica elucidated key bioactive compounds in the whole plant that were consistent with the classes of bioactive compounds detected by GC-MS analysis.The efficacy of the crude extract of W.indica whole plant in ameliorating histopathological lesions induced in the liver,brain and kidney of albino rats challenged with N.nigricollis venom revealed the abrogation of tissue degeneration when compared with the experimental control group.Conclusions:The present study identified an array of bioactive compounds present in W.indica and reported their ethno-botanical uses in the treatment of a wide range of medical exigencies and showed scientific evidence of the detoxification of N.nigricollis venom by W.indica.

蛇婆子地上部分化学成分研究（英文）

运用多种色谱和波谱方法对蛇婆子地上部分的化学成分进行研究,从中分离鉴定了16个化合物,包括5个萜类(1–5),4个香豆素(6–9),6个黄酮(10–15)和1个其它类化合物(16)。除了化合物12和15外,其余14个化合物均为首次从蛇婆子中分离得到,其中香豆素类化合物为首次报道从蛇婆子中分离得到。对分离得到的16个化合物进行了体外NO生成抑制活性筛选,结果显示化合物10, 13和14有弱的NO生成抑制活性。