Text Difficulty,Working Memory Capacity and Mind Wandering During Chinese EFL Learners’Reading

This experimental study investigated how text difficulty and different working memory capacity(WMC)affected Chinese EFL learners’reading comprehension and their tendency to engage in task-unrelated thoughts,that is,mind wandering(MW),in the course of reading.Sixty first-year university non-English majors participated in the study.A two-factor mixed experimental design of 2(text difficulty:difficult and simple)×2(WMC:high/large and low/small)was employed.Results revealed that 1)the main and interaction effects of WMC and text difficulty on voluntary MW were significant,whereas those on involuntary MW were not;2)while reading the easy texts,the involuntary MW of high-WMC individuals was less frequent than that of low-WMC ones,whereas while reading the difficult ones,the direct relationship between WMC and involuntary MW was not found;and that 3)high-WMC individuals had a lower overall rate of MW and better reading performance than low-WMC individuals did,but with increasing text difficulty,their rates of overall MW and voluntary MW were getting higher and higher,and the reading performance was getting lower and lower.These results lend support to WM theory and have pedagogical implications for the instruction of L2 reading.

一种wandering B+tree问题解决方法

为了应对磁盘和固态硬盘随机写和顺序写性能差异较大的问题,文件系统和块存储系统通常采用日志结构(log-structured)技术将随机写转换为顺序写.因此,对于日志结构存储系统数据和元数据的修改都以异地写的方式执行.在日志结构存储系统中,B+tree常被用于管理元数据,这就会导致wandering B+tree问题,即树结点异地更新会导致树结构递归更新.目前,现有工作主要通过分离树结点的逻辑索引和物理地址,并使用额外的数据结构和物理设备空间存放树结点逻辑索引和物理地址的映射,从而避免递归更新树结构.但现有方法既引入额外空间开销,又存在额外物理设备空间非顺序写的问题.提出IBT B+tree,将树结点逻辑索引和物理地址均存放在树结构中.同时,基于IBT B+tree结构引入dirty链表设计,并提出了非递归更新的IBT B+tree下刷算法.IBT B+tree既解决了wandering B+tree问题,又不引入额外的数据结构和物理设备空间,消除了固定物理设备空间的非顺序写.分别实现IBT B+tree和基于F2FS中NAT设计的B+tree,在此基础上设计实现Monty-Dev块存储系统以评价2棵B+tree.实验表明,在HDD和SSD介质上,IBT B+tree在写放大和下刷效率方面均优于NAT B+tree.

Wandering spleen torsion with portal vein thrombosis:A case report

BACKGROUND Wandering spleen is rare clinically.It is characterized by displacement of the spleen in the abdominal and pelvic cavities and can have congenital or acquired causes.Wandering spleen involves serious complications,such as spleen torsion.The clinical symptoms range from asymptomatic abdominal mass to acute abdominal pain.Surgery is required after diagnosis.Cases of wandering spleen torsion with portal vein thrombosis(PVT)are rare.There is no report on how to eliminate PVT in such cases.CASE SUMMARY Ultrasound and computed tomography revealed a diagnosis of wandering spleen torsion with PVT in a 31-year-old woman with a history of childbirth 16 mo previously who received emergency treatment for upper abdominal pain.She recovered well after splenectomy and portal vein thrombectomy combined with continuous anticoagulation,and the PVT disappeared.CONCLUSION Rare and nonspecific conditions,such as wandering splenic torsion with PVT,must be diagnosed and treated early.Patients with complete splenic infarction require splenectomy.Anticoagulation therapy and individualized management for PVT is feasible.

Wandering gravel-bed rivers and high-constructive stable channel sandy fluvial systems in the Ross River area,Yukon Territory,Canada

Mid-Cretaceous strata within the Tintina Trench, 3 km west of the community of Ross River, contain evidence of deposition in two distinct, alternating, fluvial settings. Coal-bearing, mud-dominated strata are commonly associated with high-constructive sandy channel systems, with extensive overbank, levee and splay deposits. Channels are between 3 and 30 m wide and 0.4-7 m thick. They show repetitive development of side and in-channel bar-forms, as well as up-channel widening of the rivers by selective erosion of associated overbank and levee deposits. Levees extended for several hundred metres away from the channels. In this setting low-angle inclined stratification and epsilon cross stratification may reflect lateral migration of crevasse channels or small streams. The paucity of exposure prevents recognition of the channels as products of multiple channel anastomosed systems or single channel high-constructive systems. Gravel-dominated strata, inter-bedded with, and overlying coal-bearing units, are interpreted as deposits of wandering gravel-bed rivers, with sinuosity approaching 1.4. In most exposures they appear to be dominated by massive and thin planar-bedded granule to small pebble conglomerates, which would traditionally be interpreted as sheet-flood or longitudinal bar deposits of a high-gradient braided stream or alluvial fan. Architectural analysis of exposures in an open-pit shows that the predominance of flat bedding is an artefact of the geometry of the roadside exposures. In the pit the conglomerates are dominated by large scale cross stratification on a scale of 1-5.5 m. These appear to have developed as downstream and lateral accretion elements on side-bars and on in-channel bars in water depths of 2-12 m. Stacking of strata on domed 3rd order surfaces suggests development of longitudinal in-channel bar complexes similar to those observed in parts of the modern Rhone River system. Mudstone preserved in some of the channels reflects intervals of channel abandonment or avulsion. Minimum channel width is from 70 to 450 m.

LIMITING DIRECTION AND BAKER WANDERING DOMAIN OF ENTIRE SOLUTIONS OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

In this paper, we mainly investigate entire solutions of complex differential equations with coefficients involving exponential functions, and obtain the dynamical properties of the solutions, their derivatives and primitives. With some conditions on coefficients, for the solutions, their derivatives and their primitives, we consider the common limiting directions of Julia set and the existence of Baker wandering domain.

Apparent Polar Wander Path from the Tarim Block in China

The apparent polar wander (APW) path from the Tarim block consists of palaeo-magnetic poles ofDevonian (λ=16°N, ψ= 165° E. A_(95)=4°). Late Carboniferous (λ=41° N, ψ=160° E, A_(95)=4°).Permian (λ=61°N, ψ=177° E. A_(95)=9°). Early Triassic (λ=69° N. ψ=183° E. A_(95)=11°) andJurassic/Cretaceous (λ=65° N, ψ=214° E. A_(95)=6°) times. On the basis of this APW path, it is con-cluded that the Tarim block was subducted beneath the Kazakstan plate between Devonian and Permiantimes. The Tarim, North China and South China blocks were sutured between the Early Triassic and EarlyCretaceous. Tarim had moved eastward some 2000 km relative to Siberia since the Cretaceous.

Unusual association of Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome and wandering spleen:A case report

BACKGROUND Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome(ARS)is an autosomal dominant genetic disease characterized by ocular developmental disorders and its association with torsion of wandering spleen(WS)has not been reported to date to the best of our knowledge.This study aimed to describe a rare case of ARS observed at our emergency department.CASE SUMMARY A 25-year-old female presented with a constant lower abdominal pain of increasing severity.Diagnostic computed tomography with intravenous contrast material showed a non-homogenously enhanced splenic parenchyma with a twisted vascular pedicle.Further,an emergent laparoscopic exploration was performed,and an ischemic spleen without its normal ligamentous attachments was noted.Notably,the spleen did not regain its normal vascularity after detorsion;thus,we performed the laparoscopic total splenectomy.The postoperative course was uneventful,and the patient was discharged on the 5th postoperative day.This case demonstrates a rare association of WS and ARS.CONCLUSION Early diagnosis of WS in the emergency department is important to prevent pedicle torsion or splenic necrosis and to avoid splenectomy.

A Stylistic Appreciation of Song for the Wandering Jew

As an important romantic poet,William Wordsworth produced large numbers of poems known for refined rhymes,images and thoughts,which are exemplified by Song for the Wandering Jew.This paper analyzes this poem by a stylistic approach which shows how sounds,images and syntax artistically made contribution to the poetic quality.

Transcendence and Wandering

Shen Congwen and Thomas Hardy are both known for their regional novels,Hardy for his "Wessex" novels,and Shen Congwen for his "World of Xiangxi" .Both writers display a sense of transcendence and wandering in their female characters.Both Xiao Xiao in Shen Congwen' s Xiao Xiao and Eustacia in Hardy' s The Return of the Native transcend the traditions and customs of their times,and experience a consequent wandering.But the ways of the two writers in presenting their heroines is quite different.While Xiao Xiao was mentally active but did nothing except follow the traditional system,Eustacia' s thought was followed by her own words and actions.

Wandering crowd simulation based on space syntax theory

Space syntax has proven there appears to be a fundamental process that informs human and social usage of an environ- ment, and the effects of spatial configuration on movement patterns are consistent with a model of individual decision behavior. In- troducing space syntax to crowd simulation will enable space structure guide the random movement of the crowd with no specific targets. This paper proposes a simulation method of the wandering crowd, which calculates the crowd distribution corresponding to the space through space syntax and uses a hybrid path planning algorithm to dynamically navigate the crowd to conform to the dis- tribution. Experiments show the presented method can obtain reasonable and vision-realistic simulation results.

儿童文学的归化翻译——基于The Wanderer两种译本的对比研究

近年来,随着儿童文学的发展和外国儿童文学作品的引进,儿童文学翻译作品大量涌现。这不仅体现在文章数量的增长和研究方法的多样化,而且诸多翻译理论也被广泛地运用于儿童文学翻译的研究之中。文章以劳伦斯·韦努蒂的归化翻译理论为依据,尝试对纽伯瑞儿童文学奖银奖获奖作品The Wanderer的两个中文译本进行对比分析,力求创新性的提出儿童文学的翻译策略。

“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”的元功能分析

元功能思想是系统功能语言学的核心,对语言学研究有重要的影响。“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”是华慈华斯自然诗篇的代表作,从元功能框架下的概念功能、人际功能和语篇功能三方面对其进行考察,揭示元功能在诗歌结构构建、运用语言形式体现诗人自然生态观方面的作用,也证明了元功能分析诗歌作品的可操作性。

WANDERING SUBSPACES OF THE HARDY-SOBOLEV SPACES OVER D^n

In this paper, we show that for log(2/3)/2log2≤ β ≤1/2, suppose S is an invariant subspace of the Hardy-Sobolev spaces H_β~2(D^n) for the n-tuple of multiplication operators(M_(z_1),...,M_(z_n)). If(M_(z_1)|S,..., M_(z_n)|S) is doubly commuting, then for any non-empty subset α = {α_1,..., α_k} of {1,..., n}, W_α~S is a generating wandering subspace for M_α|_S =(M_(z_(α_1))|_S,..., M_(z_(α_k))|_S), that is, [W_α~S]_(M_(α |S))= S, where W_α~S=■(S ■ z_(α_i)S).

STUDY ON THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR DRILL WANDERING MOTION

Based on the kinematic relationship of the drill, drill point and workpiece and the coordinate systems founded,the mathematical models of the drill point wandering motion for the drill initial penetration, i. e. the formulae for the drill point center locus, hole shape and cutting edge locus, are established. According to these formulae the hole shape to be made is simulated and analyzed. It is verified that the bending chatter of the drill during the drill penetrating is the main cause to form a polygon like hole.

Age Recalibration of the Xiaofeng Dykes, South China, and Its Implications for True Polar Wander at ～820 Ma

Paleomagnetism of the Neoproterozoic Xiaofeng dykes exposed in the Three Gorges region of Hubei Province bear important implications for the paleogeography of the South China block(SCB).New high-precision U-Pb

Wandering small intestinal stromal tumor:A case report

BACKGROUND The occurrence of gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)in the small intestine is rare,and a case of wandering small intestinal stromal tumor has been rarely reported to date.Dissemination of this case can help inform future diagnosis and effective treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 68-year-old patient presented to us with tarry stools.Computed tomography showed a mobile tumor moving widely within the abdominal cavity.As the laboratory data showed a low range of red blood cells and an immediate surgery was not indicated,we performed digital subtraction angiography and embolization to achieve hemostasis.Surgical resection was performed after the patient’s condition improved.The tumor was successfully removed laparoscopically.Histological examination revealed submucosal GIST with infarction,which was of intermediate-risk,with mitotic count<1 per 10 high-power field.Immunohistochemical studies revealed the following:CD117+,Dog1+,CD34+,SMA+,S100-,CK-,Des-,SOX-11-,STAT6-,Ki67 Hotspots 10%+.The patient was ultimately diagnosed with wandering small intestinal stromal tumor.CONCLUSION When a highly vascularized tumor is clinically encountered in the small intestine,the possibility of stromal tumors should be considered.However,when the tumor cannot be visualized at its original location,the possibility of tumor migration is considered.

Detecting Dementia-Related Wandering Locomotion of Elders by Leveraging Active Infrared Sensors

For elders with dementia, wandering is among the most problematic, frequent and dangerous behavior. Managing wandering behavior has become increasingly imperative due to its high prevalence, negative outcomes and burden on caregivers. We study to propose an active infrared-based method to identify wandering locomotion by monitoring rhythmical repetition of an elder’s indoor motion events. Specifically, we utilize our customized active infrared sensors to collect human indoor motions that will be converted into motion events by using hardware redundancy technique. Each motion event is a directed motion obtained via introducing temporal and dimensions into the spatial motion data. Based on the most cited spatial-temporal patterns of wandering locomotion, a spatiotemporal model is then proposed to identify wandering locomotion from an ongoing sequence of motion events. Experimental evaluation on eight individuals’ real-world motion datasets has shown that our proposed method is able to effectively identify wandering locomotion from repetitive events collected from active infrared sensors with a value over 98% for both accuracy and precision based on properly chosen parameters. Wandering in elders with dementia that follow specific spatiotemporal patterns can be reliably identified by analyzing repetitive motion events collected from active infrared sensors based on the well-known spatiotemporal patterns of wandering locomotion.

Acute Volvulus of a Wandering Spleen on Pregnancy: A Case Report

Wandering or ectopic spleen is a rare congenital or acquired abnormality due to a defect in the anatomical fixity of the spleen with the surrounding organs. Pedicle twisting is its most common complication. It is an anatomo-clinical entity most often described in children, but rare in adults. It is a serious condition, especially when it occurs on a pregnancy putting at stake maternal and fetal prognosis. Authors report a case of acute volvulus of wandering spleen in a 26-year-old patient admitted for abdominal pain on an active pregnancy of 15 weeks of amenorrhea. Abdominal ultrasound scan helped to set the diagnosis. At laparotomy, the enlarged spleen was in an ectopic position, in the iliac fossa with a pedicle abnormally twisted in several spiral turns. Splenectomy was performed. The post-operative period was simple and the pregnancy progressed well to term.

NON-WANDERING SET OF A CONTINUOUS GRAPH MAP

The non-wandering set Ω(f) for a graph map f is investigated. It is showed that Ω(f) is contained in the closure of the set ER(f) of eventually recurrent points of f and ω-limit set ω(Ω(f)) of Ω(f) is contained in the closure of the set R(f) of recurrent points of f.