A method of analysis for the simultaneous determination of methylisothiazolinone (MI), methylchloroisothiazolinone (CMI), benzisothiazolinone (BIT) and Bronopol (BNP) in washing-up liquid was established. The method c...A method of analysis for the simultaneous determination of methylisothiazolinone (MI), methylchloroisothiazolinone (CMI), benzisothiazolinone (BIT) and Bronopol (BNP) in washing-up liquid was established. The method consisted of a gradient HPLC analysis at three different wavelengths. The four compounds could be analyzed with good precision and accuracy.展开更多
The application of high-sulfur petroleum coke after desulfurization in aluminum electrolysis anodes is an important development trend. However, removing sulfur from high-sulfur petroleum coke is still a significant ch...The application of high-sulfur petroleum coke after desulfurization in aluminum electrolysis anodes is an important development trend. However, removing sulfur from high-sulfur petroleum coke is still a significant challenge.This study proposes alkali calcining and reflux washing to examine the impacts of temperature, particle size, the mass ratio of Na_(2)CO_(3) to NaOH, and total sodium addition on the desulfurization efficiency and mechanism. The results show that the desulfurization rate increases with increasing temperature, increasing total sodium content, and decreasing particle size. The addition of alkali can significantly reduce the opening-ring reaction temperature of thiophene and convert organic sulfur into inorganic sulfur(Na_(2)S). Three washing methods were compared, and reflux washing was selected to separate inorganic sulfur(Na_(2)S) from calcined petroleum coke. The sulfur content in petroleum coke decreased from 7.29% to 1.90%, with a desulfurization rate of 80.13% under optimal conditions. The petroleum coke was analyzed before and after desulfurization using X-Ray diffraction(XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), Infrared Spectroscopy(IR), Thermogravimetric Analysis and Differential Scanning Calorimetry(TG-DSC), Gaschromatography-mass Spectrometry(GC-MS). The results show that thiophene and benzothiophene in petroleum coke are decomposed and converted into octane and ethyl cyclohexane. These new observations are expected to provide further understanding and guidance for the utilization of highsulfur petroleum coke.展开更多
By combing the mechanism and advantages of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)soaking and washing and combining TCM syndrome differentiation with western medicine differentiation of diseases,guided by the view that"...By combing the mechanism and advantages of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)soaking and washing and combining TCM syndrome differentiation with western medicine differentiation of diseases,guided by the view that"the principle of external treatment is that of internal treatment",this article discusses the differentiation and treatment ideas of palmoplantar keratosis by TCM soaking and washing,which will provide a reference for clinical treatment.展开更多
Day by day, the demand and popularity of denim have increased. With the increase in demand for denim, washing has also increased. When we washed a piece of denim fabric, then its properties also changed. The propertie...Day by day, the demand and popularity of denim have increased. With the increase in demand for denim, washing has also increased. When we washed a piece of denim fabric, then its properties also changed. The properties are tensile strength, GSM, color fading, stiffness, abrasion resistance, moisture regain, etc. In this study, we conduct different washing processes on denim fabric such are Stonewash, Caustic wash, Acid wash, Normal wash, Pigment wash, Sandblasting, and Super whitewash. After washing, the properties of denim fabric have been analyzed especially strength. The tear and tensile strength were measured by ISO standard. From the above washing method, Normal & pigment wash showed good strength properties comparing with others.展开更多
This review focuses on the current situation of sustainable development of denim industry and analyzes the water consumption in the production process of denim.In the washing process of jeans,the dry treatment or near...This review focuses on the current situation of sustainable development of denim industry and analyzes the water consumption in the production process of denim.In the washing process of jeans,the dry treatment or near-anhydrous treatment is becoming a sustainable trend to replace the traditional wet treatment.From the perspective of environmental protection,this review summarizes the recent research frontiers of water-saving technologies such as recycling and utilization of printing and dyeing wastewater,foam finishing technology,ozone washing technology and laser washing technology in denim industry.With the upgrading of textile industry and the implementation of national environmental protection laws and regulations,technologies such as foam finishing,ozone washing and laser engraving have been well-developed in the field of denim garment washing processing.In the future,the denim industry will be revolutionized by the water-free manufacturing.展开更多
Soil washing, ex situ mechanical technique, is one of the few permanent treatment alternatives to remove metal contaminants from soils by employing physical separation based on mineral processing technologies to remov...Soil washing, ex situ mechanical technique, is one of the few permanent treatment alternatives to remove metal contaminants from soils by employing physical separation based on mineral processing technologies to remove discrete particles or metal-bearing particles and/or chemical extraction based on leaching or dissolving process to extract the metals from the soils into an aqueous solution. However, washwater remained from soil washing process contains discrete particulate particles along with heavy metals as solution phase to be treated separately, as well as this process can produce large amount of sludge that requires further treatment, slow metal precipitation, poor settling, the aggregation of metal precipitates. Electrical treatments including electrocoagulation and electrolysis can be effective in removing these substances from washwater. This paper reviews the theoretical models in applying electrocoagulation and electrolysis to remove heavy metals and discrete particulate particles in washwater by examining and comparing the status of washwater treatment technologies which have been undertaken, mostly in the US and EU for the period 1990-2012.展开更多
This study focuses on<span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">comparison between Enzyme Wash and Bleach Wash (Traditional vs. Sus...This study focuses on<span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">comparison between Enzyme Wash and Bleach Wash (Traditional vs. Sustainable Washing Machine) the physical and color fastness to rubbing properties</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of denim garments.</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">For this experiment indigo dyed cotton denim garments (trousers) were chosen which</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> were </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">98% cotton and 2% spandex and processed by enzyme with the concentration of 2 g/l, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">temperature </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">45<span style="color:#555554;font-family:Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">°</span>C. In another work, enzyme treated denim garments </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">were </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">used for bleach wash with the concentration of 2 g/l, temperature 45<span style="white-space:normal;color:#555554;font-family:Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px;background-color:#FFFFFF;">°</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;white-space:normal;">C</span> and those samples ha</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ve</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> been processed by traditional and sustainable washing machine. After completing process, the sample properties have been compared like rubbing, tearing and tensile properties. After comparing result the</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">color fastness to rubbing of enzyme wash was poor in traditional and sustainable machine</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tensile strength, tearing strength properties down in traditional machine but the</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">color fastness to rubbing of bleach wash was </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">good</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> in sustainable machine than traditional machine</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and a little bit lesser tensile and tearing properties in sustainable process.</span>展开更多
This research work was designed to explore the effect of different washing processes (enzyme wash, enzyme stone wash, enzyme stone wash with bleaching, heavy enzyme stone wash with bleaching) on various properties of ...This research work was designed to explore the effect of different washing processes (enzyme wash, enzyme stone wash, enzyme stone wash with bleaching, heavy enzyme stone wash with bleaching) on various properties of stretch denim fabric. Different properties like tensile strength, tear strength, dimensional stability to washing, color fastness to washing, color fastness to water, color fastness to perspiration, color fastness to light, color fastness to rubbing, changes in fabric weight were investigated in context with different washing processes for stretch denim fabric. All tests were carried out according to the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). Enzyme washed fabric illustrated better performance regarding tear strength, tensile strength and dimensional stability;but showed moderate performance in different color fastness properties. But the color fastness to rubbing of heavy enzyme stone wash was excellent. No significant change was observed regarding the grade of color change and color staining for color fastness to wash, color fastness to perspiration and color fastness to light with respect to different types of washing processes like enzyme wash, enzyme stone wash, enzyme stone wash with bleaching and heavy enzyme stone wash with bleaching. The grade for dry rubbing and wet rubbing was comparatively better for enzyme wash rather than other washing processes. The GSM (gram per square meter) of stretch denim fabric also increased accordingly after different kinds of washing process rather than untreated stretch denim fabric. The dimensional stability of stretch denim fabric also altered after going through different washing process. The highest shrinkage was occurred in weft direction for heavy enzyme stone wash with bleaching.展开更多
The aim of this project is to find out the changes that occur in physical properties of denim when it is subjected to enzyme stone and acid wash or to find out the impact of enzyme stone and acid wash. 97% cotton 3% e...The aim of this project is to find out the changes that occur in physical properties of denim when it is subjected to enzyme stone and acid wash or to find out the impact of enzyme stone and acid wash. 97% cotton 3% elastomer twill, weave 3/1, construction 72 × 40/9 × 7 indigo dyed denim fabric leg panels as per lab standard recipe are used here to examine. Firstly, desizing was done as pre-treatments and after treatment was silicon softener. After washing process, different samples from both washing are going to express different behavior on physical properties. This experiment is done to find out the discrimination in tearing strength, shrinkage %, color fastness to wash, color fastness to rubbing, pH rate between stone enzyme wash and acid wash of denim garments.展开更多
Aiming at the kitchen stain and fast growth of dishwasher market in China,the addition of protease and amylase solution in the dishwasher detergents was proposed for the food stains typical in China.A comparison betwe...Aiming at the kitchen stain and fast growth of dishwasher market in China,the addition of protease and amylase solution in the dishwasher detergents was proposed for the food stains typical in China.A comparison between Chinese commercial dishwasher detergents and an EU mainstream detergent was made.The results indicated that the addition of protease and amylase could significantly increase the washing performance,and thus could help close the washing performance gap between our products and the EU mainstream product.展开更多
Production of glass-ceramics by sintering the molten slag obtained from electric arc furnace treatment of fly ash was investigated. The effect of washing pretreatment prior to melting the fly ash on the microstructure...Production of glass-ceramics by sintering the molten slag obtained from electric arc furnace treatment of fly ash was investigated. The effect of washing pretreatment prior to melting the fly ash on the microstructure and properties of the glass-ceramics was examined. The results show that washing pretreatment of fly ash can decrease alkali metal chloride and increase network former in fly ash, which results in the increase of peak crystallization temperature of parent glass and strengthening of properties of bending strength and chemical stability of the glass-ceramics. The optimal heat treatment temperature for parent glass of washed fly ash is 1 173 K, at which the crystalline phase of glass-ceramics is composed of gelignite (Ca2A12SiO7) and akermanite (Ca2MgSi207). Glass-ceramics produced at optimal heat treatment temperature are excellent in term of the physical and chemical properties and leaching characteristics, indicating attractive potential as substitute of nature materials.展开更多
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)is closely associated with the intestinal bacteria composition and their metabolites.AIM To investigate whether washed microbiota transplantation(WMT...BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)is closely associated with the intestinal bacteria composition and their metabolites.AIM To investigate whether washed microbiota transplantation(WMT)improves symptoms of nonerosive reflux disease(NERD)with proton pump inhibitor(PPI)dependency.METHODS Patients with recurrent NERD and PPI dependency at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University from 2017 to 2018 were included and divided into a WMT or PPI group treated with PPI with/without WMT.The endpoint was NERD symptom frequency evaluated 1 mo after WMT using reflux disease questionnaire(RDQ)and GERD questionnaire(GERDQ)scores,remission time,PPI dose,and the examination of intestinal mucosal barrier function.RESULTS In the WMT(n=15)and PPI(n=12)groups,the total remission rate at 1 mo after treatment was 93.3%vs 41.7%.Compared with the PPI group,the WMT group showed better results in GERDQ(P=0.004)and RDQ(P=0.003)and in remission months(8 vs 2,P=0.002).The PPI dose was reduced to some extent for 80%of patients in the WMT group and 33.3%in the PPI group.In 24 patients,intestinal mucosal barrier function was examined before treatment,and changes in the degree of damage were observed in 13 of these patients after treatment.Only one of the 15 patients had minor side effects,including a mushy stool two or three times a day,which resolved on their own after 1 wk.CONCLUSION This study is the first to demonstrate that WMT may be safe and effective for relieving NERD symptoms and reducing PPI dependency and recurrence.展开更多
We conducted experimental and numerical studies on the vibrating modes of a dragon wash basin (DWB) and the free surface waves inside the DWB. Both the vibration of the DWB and the sound produced were studied carefull...We conducted experimental and numerical studies on the vibrating modes of a dragon wash basin (DWB) and the free surface waves inside the DWB. Both the vibration of the DWB and the sound produced were studied carefully. It was found that the DWB can be excited at different intrinsic modes under different excitation, including striking and rubbing it fast/slowly. However, with gentle rubbing, the DWB will be excited mainly at the first vibrating mode. We showed that the concave side wall of a DWB decreases the intrinsic frequencies (compared with a straight side wall), and the ears of a DWB lead to breaking of the vibrating-axisymmetry and cause the separation of modes I/II and IV/V as well. A theoretical model, in which the water is assumed to be incompressible and inviscid, is applied to the first order vibration and predicts the relation of vibrating frequency versus water depth in the system. The measurement shows that both the radial and azimuthal waves are produced as DWB is working. The frequency of the first component of the surface wave is twice as large as the second one induced by non-linear effects. For both the radial and azimuthal waves, the dispersion relation is presented in the framework of capillary wave theory.展开更多
Objective:Coronavirus disease 2019(COVTD-19)is often accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms,which are related to gut microbiota dysbiosis(GMD).Whether washed microbiota transplantation(WMT)is an effective treatment ...Objective:Coronavirus disease 2019(COVTD-19)is often accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms,which are related to gut microbiota dysbiosis(GMD).Whether washed microbiota transplantation(WMT)is an effective treatment for COV1D-19 patients suspected of having GMD by restoring the gut microbiota is unknown.This study is designed to explore the efficacy and safety of WMT in COVID-19 patients suspected of having GMD.Methods:This is a randomized,multicenter,single-blind prospective study.COVID-19 patients suspected of having GMD will be randomly divided to receive routine treatment only or to receive routine treatment and WMT.The frequency of WMT will be once a day for three consecutive days.Laboratory and imaging examinations will be performed at admission,1 and 2 weeks after treatment,and on the day of discharge.Then a telephone follow-up will be conducted at 1st week,2nd week,and 6th month after discharge.The clinical efficacy and safety of WMT in COVD-19 patients suspected of having GMD and the effects of WMT on the organ function,homeostasis,inflammatory response,intestinal mucosal barrier function,and immunity of the patients will be evaluated.Results:By following the proposed protocol,WMT is expected to be efficacious and safe for the treatment of COVID-19 patients suspected of having GMD,and the therapeutic effect is expected to be associated with improvement of the intestinal mucosal barrier function,inflammatory response,and immunity.Conclusion:The findings from this study may offer a new approach for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 patients suspected of having GMD.展开更多
Water-washing removes fluoride from Antarctic krill but produces large volumes of wash water containing water-soluble proteins and fluoride. The freeze concentration method was tested to determine if it could be used ...Water-washing removes fluoride from Antarctic krill but produces large volumes of wash water containing water-soluble proteins and fluoride. The freeze concentration method was tested to determine if it could be used to recover water-soluble proteins while leaving the fluoride in solution. After freezing and thawing the wash water, protein and fluoride contents of the thawed fractions were determined to explore the melting regularity of components in the wash water. The highest concentration factors of protein and fluoride were obtained after 80 min of thawing, such as 1.48 ± 0.06 and 1.35 ± 0.04 times, respectively. The free amino-nitrogen(FAN) content and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis pattern results revealed that the highest concentrations of all ingredients were obtained after 80 min of the process. The degree of hydrolysis of all fractions from the thawing process fluctuated in a narrow range around 12% during the entire process, indicating that the thawing order did not change with various proteins or time during the entire thawing course. These results demonstrate that the freeze concentration method can be used to concentrate protein solutions, even those with fluoride. It was concluded that condensation was achieved and no ingredient could be separated, regardless of fluoride, amino acids, or different proteins in the water.展开更多
文摘A method of analysis for the simultaneous determination of methylisothiazolinone (MI), methylchloroisothiazolinone (CMI), benzisothiazolinone (BIT) and Bronopol (BNP) in washing-up liquid was established. The method consisted of a gradient HPLC analysis at three different wavelengths. The four compounds could be analyzed with good precision and accuracy.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51964031 and 52164039)。
文摘The application of high-sulfur petroleum coke after desulfurization in aluminum electrolysis anodes is an important development trend. However, removing sulfur from high-sulfur petroleum coke is still a significant challenge.This study proposes alkali calcining and reflux washing to examine the impacts of temperature, particle size, the mass ratio of Na_(2)CO_(3) to NaOH, and total sodium addition on the desulfurization efficiency and mechanism. The results show that the desulfurization rate increases with increasing temperature, increasing total sodium content, and decreasing particle size. The addition of alkali can significantly reduce the opening-ring reaction temperature of thiophene and convert organic sulfur into inorganic sulfur(Na_(2)S). Three washing methods were compared, and reflux washing was selected to separate inorganic sulfur(Na_(2)S) from calcined petroleum coke. The sulfur content in petroleum coke decreased from 7.29% to 1.90%, with a desulfurization rate of 80.13% under optimal conditions. The petroleum coke was analyzed before and after desulfurization using X-Ray diffraction(XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), Infrared Spectroscopy(IR), Thermogravimetric Analysis and Differential Scanning Calorimetry(TG-DSC), Gaschromatography-mass Spectrometry(GC-MS). The results show that thiophene and benzothiophene in petroleum coke are decomposed and converted into octane and ethyl cyclohexane. These new observations are expected to provide further understanding and guidance for the utilization of highsulfur petroleum coke.
基金Supported by Special Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine Scientific Research of Henan Province(2018ZY2005,20-21ZY2013)。
文摘By combing the mechanism and advantages of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)soaking and washing and combining TCM syndrome differentiation with western medicine differentiation of diseases,guided by the view that"the principle of external treatment is that of internal treatment",this article discusses the differentiation and treatment ideas of palmoplantar keratosis by TCM soaking and washing,which will provide a reference for clinical treatment.
文摘Day by day, the demand and popularity of denim have increased. With the increase in demand for denim, washing has also increased. When we washed a piece of denim fabric, then its properties also changed. The properties are tensile strength, GSM, color fading, stiffness, abrasion resistance, moisture regain, etc. In this study, we conduct different washing processes on denim fabric such are Stonewash, Caustic wash, Acid wash, Normal wash, Pigment wash, Sandblasting, and Super whitewash. After washing, the properties of denim fabric have been analyzed especially strength. The tear and tensile strength were measured by ISO standard. From the above washing method, Normal & pigment wash showed good strength properties comparing with others.
文摘This review focuses on the current situation of sustainable development of denim industry and analyzes the water consumption in the production process of denim.In the washing process of jeans,the dry treatment or near-anhydrous treatment is becoming a sustainable trend to replace the traditional wet treatment.From the perspective of environmental protection,this review summarizes the recent research frontiers of water-saving technologies such as recycling and utilization of printing and dyeing wastewater,foam finishing technology,ozone washing technology and laser washing technology in denim industry.With the upgrading of textile industry and the implementation of national environmental protection laws and regulations,technologies such as foam finishing,ozone washing and laser engraving have been well-developed in the field of denim garment washing processing.In the future,the denim industry will be revolutionized by the water-free manufacturing.
文摘Soil washing, ex situ mechanical technique, is one of the few permanent treatment alternatives to remove metal contaminants from soils by employing physical separation based on mineral processing technologies to remove discrete particles or metal-bearing particles and/or chemical extraction based on leaching or dissolving process to extract the metals from the soils into an aqueous solution. However, washwater remained from soil washing process contains discrete particulate particles along with heavy metals as solution phase to be treated separately, as well as this process can produce large amount of sludge that requires further treatment, slow metal precipitation, poor settling, the aggregation of metal precipitates. Electrical treatments including electrocoagulation and electrolysis can be effective in removing these substances from washwater. This paper reviews the theoretical models in applying electrocoagulation and electrolysis to remove heavy metals and discrete particulate particles in washwater by examining and comparing the status of washwater treatment technologies which have been undertaken, mostly in the US and EU for the period 1990-2012.
文摘This study focuses on<span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">comparison between Enzyme Wash and Bleach Wash (Traditional vs. Sustainable Washing Machine) the physical and color fastness to rubbing properties</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of denim garments.</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">For this experiment indigo dyed cotton denim garments (trousers) were chosen which</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> were </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">98% cotton and 2% spandex and processed by enzyme with the concentration of 2 g/l, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">temperature </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">45<span style="color:#555554;font-family:Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">°</span>C. In another work, enzyme treated denim garments </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">were </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">used for bleach wash with the concentration of 2 g/l, temperature 45<span style="white-space:normal;color:#555554;font-family:Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px;background-color:#FFFFFF;">°</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;white-space:normal;">C</span> and those samples ha</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ve</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> been processed by traditional and sustainable washing machine. After completing process, the sample properties have been compared like rubbing, tearing and tensile properties. After comparing result the</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">color fastness to rubbing of enzyme wash was poor in traditional and sustainable machine</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tensile strength, tearing strength properties down in traditional machine but the</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">color fastness to rubbing of bleach wash was </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">good</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> in sustainable machine than traditional machine</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and a little bit lesser tensile and tearing properties in sustainable process.</span>
文摘This research work was designed to explore the effect of different washing processes (enzyme wash, enzyme stone wash, enzyme stone wash with bleaching, heavy enzyme stone wash with bleaching) on various properties of stretch denim fabric. Different properties like tensile strength, tear strength, dimensional stability to washing, color fastness to washing, color fastness to water, color fastness to perspiration, color fastness to light, color fastness to rubbing, changes in fabric weight were investigated in context with different washing processes for stretch denim fabric. All tests were carried out according to the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). Enzyme washed fabric illustrated better performance regarding tear strength, tensile strength and dimensional stability;but showed moderate performance in different color fastness properties. But the color fastness to rubbing of heavy enzyme stone wash was excellent. No significant change was observed regarding the grade of color change and color staining for color fastness to wash, color fastness to perspiration and color fastness to light with respect to different types of washing processes like enzyme wash, enzyme stone wash, enzyme stone wash with bleaching and heavy enzyme stone wash with bleaching. The grade for dry rubbing and wet rubbing was comparatively better for enzyme wash rather than other washing processes. The GSM (gram per square meter) of stretch denim fabric also increased accordingly after different kinds of washing process rather than untreated stretch denim fabric. The dimensional stability of stretch denim fabric also altered after going through different washing process. The highest shrinkage was occurred in weft direction for heavy enzyme stone wash with bleaching.
文摘The aim of this project is to find out the changes that occur in physical properties of denim when it is subjected to enzyme stone and acid wash or to find out the impact of enzyme stone and acid wash. 97% cotton 3% elastomer twill, weave 3/1, construction 72 × 40/9 × 7 indigo dyed denim fabric leg panels as per lab standard recipe are used here to examine. Firstly, desizing was done as pre-treatments and after treatment was silicon softener. After washing process, different samples from both washing are going to express different behavior on physical properties. This experiment is done to find out the discrimination in tearing strength, shrinkage %, color fastness to wash, color fastness to rubbing, pH rate between stone enzyme wash and acid wash of denim garments.
文摘Aiming at the kitchen stain and fast growth of dishwasher market in China,the addition of protease and amylase solution in the dishwasher detergents was proposed for the food stains typical in China.A comparison between Chinese commercial dishwasher detergents and an EU mainstream detergent was made.The results indicated that the addition of protease and amylase could significantly increase the washing performance,and thus could help close the washing performance gap between our products and the EU mainstream product.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20806051)the Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety(No.SWMES-2010-07)the Science and Technology Project of Housing and Urban-Rural Ministry(No.2010-K4-2)
文摘Production of glass-ceramics by sintering the molten slag obtained from electric arc furnace treatment of fly ash was investigated. The effect of washing pretreatment prior to melting the fly ash on the microstructure and properties of the glass-ceramics was examined. The results show that washing pretreatment of fly ash can decrease alkali metal chloride and increase network former in fly ash, which results in the increase of peak crystallization temperature of parent glass and strengthening of properties of bending strength and chemical stability of the glass-ceramics. The optimal heat treatment temperature for parent glass of washed fly ash is 1 173 K, at which the crystalline phase of glass-ceramics is composed of gelignite (Ca2A12SiO7) and akermanite (Ca2MgSi207). Glass-ceramics produced at optimal heat treatment temperature are excellent in term of the physical and chemical properties and leaching characteristics, indicating attractive potential as substitute of nature materials.
文摘BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)is closely associated with the intestinal bacteria composition and their metabolites.AIM To investigate whether washed microbiota transplantation(WMT)improves symptoms of nonerosive reflux disease(NERD)with proton pump inhibitor(PPI)dependency.METHODS Patients with recurrent NERD and PPI dependency at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University from 2017 to 2018 were included and divided into a WMT or PPI group treated with PPI with/without WMT.The endpoint was NERD symptom frequency evaluated 1 mo after WMT using reflux disease questionnaire(RDQ)and GERD questionnaire(GERDQ)scores,remission time,PPI dose,and the examination of intestinal mucosal barrier function.RESULTS In the WMT(n=15)and PPI(n=12)groups,the total remission rate at 1 mo after treatment was 93.3%vs 41.7%.Compared with the PPI group,the WMT group showed better results in GERDQ(P=0.004)and RDQ(P=0.003)and in remission months(8 vs 2,P=0.002).The PPI dose was reduced to some extent for 80%of patients in the WMT group and 33.3%in the PPI group.In 24 patients,intestinal mucosal barrier function was examined before treatment,and changes in the degree of damage were observed in 13 of these patients after treatment.Only one of the 15 patients had minor side effects,including a mushy stool two or three times a day,which resolved on their own after 1 wk.CONCLUSION This study is the first to demonstrate that WMT may be safe and effective for relieving NERD symptoms and reducing PPI dependency and recurrence.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 11172241 and 11472220).
文摘We conducted experimental and numerical studies on the vibrating modes of a dragon wash basin (DWB) and the free surface waves inside the DWB. Both the vibration of the DWB and the sound produced were studied carefully. It was found that the DWB can be excited at different intrinsic modes under different excitation, including striking and rubbing it fast/slowly. However, with gentle rubbing, the DWB will be excited mainly at the first vibrating mode. We showed that the concave side wall of a DWB decreases the intrinsic frequencies (compared with a straight side wall), and the ears of a DWB lead to breaking of the vibrating-axisymmetry and cause the separation of modes I/II and IV/V as well. A theoretical model, in which the water is assumed to be incompressible and inviscid, is applied to the first order vibration and predicts the relation of vibrating frequency versus water depth in the system. The measurement shows that both the radial and azimuthal waves are produced as DWB is working. The frequency of the first component of the surface wave is twice as large as the second one induced by non-linear effects. For both the radial and azimuthal waves, the dispersion relation is presented in the framework of capillary wave theory.
基金supported by the Special Research Project on Prevention and Control of COVID-19 in Universities of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department(No.2020KZDZX1132).
文摘Objective:Coronavirus disease 2019(COVTD-19)is often accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms,which are related to gut microbiota dysbiosis(GMD).Whether washed microbiota transplantation(WMT)is an effective treatment for COV1D-19 patients suspected of having GMD by restoring the gut microbiota is unknown.This study is designed to explore the efficacy and safety of WMT in COVID-19 patients suspected of having GMD.Methods:This is a randomized,multicenter,single-blind prospective study.COVID-19 patients suspected of having GMD will be randomly divided to receive routine treatment only or to receive routine treatment and WMT.The frequency of WMT will be once a day for three consecutive days.Laboratory and imaging examinations will be performed at admission,1 and 2 weeks after treatment,and on the day of discharge.Then a telephone follow-up will be conducted at 1st week,2nd week,and 6th month after discharge.The clinical efficacy and safety of WMT in COVD-19 patients suspected of having GMD and the effects of WMT on the organ function,homeostasis,inflammatory response,intestinal mucosal barrier function,and immunity of the patients will be evaluated.Results:By following the proposed protocol,WMT is expected to be efficacious and safe for the treatment of COVID-19 patients suspected of having GMD,and the therapeutic effect is expected to be associated with improvement of the intestinal mucosal barrier function,inflammatory response,and immunity.Conclusion:The findings from this study may offer a new approach for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 patients suspected of having GMD.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Project of Shandong Province (No.2015 GSF115005)the Huimin Special Fund of Qingdao Municipal Achievement Transformation Plan (No.15-9-2-120NSH)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31101380)
文摘Water-washing removes fluoride from Antarctic krill but produces large volumes of wash water containing water-soluble proteins and fluoride. The freeze concentration method was tested to determine if it could be used to recover water-soluble proteins while leaving the fluoride in solution. After freezing and thawing the wash water, protein and fluoride contents of the thawed fractions were determined to explore the melting regularity of components in the wash water. The highest concentration factors of protein and fluoride were obtained after 80 min of thawing, such as 1.48 ± 0.06 and 1.35 ± 0.04 times, respectively. The free amino-nitrogen(FAN) content and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis pattern results revealed that the highest concentrations of all ingredients were obtained after 80 min of the process. The degree of hydrolysis of all fractions from the thawing process fluctuated in a narrow range around 12% during the entire process, indicating that the thawing order did not change with various proteins or time during the entire thawing course. These results demonstrate that the freeze concentration method can be used to concentrate protein solutions, even those with fluoride. It was concluded that condensation was achieved and no ingredient could be separated, regardless of fluoride, amino acids, or different proteins in the water.