System Dynamics Modeling for Sustainable Water Management of a Coastal Area in Shandong Province, China

Water is one of the basic materials in human existence and the development of society and economy. Its sustainable management has always been an eternal subject for the management of human society and also a complex systemic problem. How to take advantages of water has been a big event in such an agricultural country like China. As economically developed areas, coastal areas are facing water shortage problems due to the rapid economic and social development and inappropriate and unsustainable water management measures. To fully understand and study such problems faced by the coastal areas needs a systematic and integrated framework to consider the various social-economic, natural and engineering factors that affect the sustainable development of water in those areas. The SD （system dynamics） methodology, which is an approach that has been successfully used in solving complex systematic problems in general, and in solving water management problems in particular for more than 50 years, was applied to a typical coastal area, Longkou City in Shandong Province of China, to study and analyze the future sustainable water management of this city. Then the quantitative modeling and analysis of the water development were carried out through scenario analysis. Four different scenarios （business as usual, economic development, water resources protection, and comprehensive） were designed by changing the values of decision-making variables. The total water demand in 2030 of these four scenarios are 0.455 billion m3, 0.793 billion m3, 0.412 billion m3 and 0.487 billion m3, respectively; the corresponding water deficit of these scenarios are 0.292 billion m3, 0.634 billion m3, 0.254 billion m3 and 0.329 billion m3, respectively. The comparison results indicated that the comprehensive scenario is the optimal one among these designed scenarios. To totally solve the water shortage problem with the economy developed in Longkou City needs to take more effective measures to reduce water consumption and improve water conservation technologies.

FACILITATING REGIONAL SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT THROUGH INTEGRATED MULTI-OBJECTIVE UTILIZATION, MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES IN THE LANCANG-MEKONG RIVER BASIN

The Lancnag Mekong River is the most important international river across China and Southeast Asia, If it is developed according to 'Great Mekong Subregional Cooperation Plan' [9] prepared by ADB, the area directly affected will be up to over 2.32 million km 2, the population over 220 million, and the natural environment, and socio-economic conditions within a large area will be greatly changed. 'Agreement on Cooperation for Sustainable Development of Mekong Basin' signed by the four riparian countries along the lower Mekong River on April 5, 1995 provides a new opportunity for sustainable development of the Basin. According to preliminary analysis, if the multipurpose utilization of the water resources is the target for carrying out integrated planning and management, and the efforts are made 1) to focus on energy exploitation on the Lancang River Mainstream and the tributaries of the lower Mekong River; 2) to build gated weirs at Tonle Sam; 3) to construct spillways at the Mekong Delta; 4) to facilitate flood dykes in big cities and on both banks of the mainstream which are concentrated with population and farmland and liable to be flooded, and 5) to strengthen networks for forecasting hydrological and meteorological conditions, then all problems such as power demand, irrigation, flood, salt water intrusion as well as acid water erosion to soil could be solved without constructing large cascaded stations and dams on the lower Mekong Mainstream. This will not only avoid input of great number of fund, large scale resettlement and land inundation, but also prevent aquatic organisms living in Mekong River from being injured due to dam construction, and promote the sustainable development of the Basin.

Innovative Technologies for Large-Scale Water Production in Arid Regions: Strategies for Sustainable Development

Water scarcity in arid regions poses significant challenges to sustainable development and human well-being. This article explores both existing and innovative technologies and methods to produce large amounts of water to address these challenges effectively. Key approaches include atmospheric water generation, advanced desalination techniques, innovative water collection methods such as fog nets and dew harvesting, geothermal water extraction, and water recycling and reuse. Each method is evaluated for its feasibility with existing technology, potential time of implementation, required investments, and specific challenges. By leveraging these technologies and combining them into a multifaceted water management strategy, it is possible to enhance water security, support agricultural and industrial activities, and improve living conditions in arid regions. Collaborative efforts between governments, private sector entities, and research institutions are crucial to advancing these technologies and ensuring their sustainable implementation. The article provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of these technologies, their potential for large-scale application, and recommendations for future research and development.

A Cradle-to-Cradle Novel Approach for Wastewater Management in Sustainable Urban Communities

Water, a valuable resource to human lives, is being abused and driven to scarcity. This scarcity is leading some countries and areas to face difficulty in accessing drinking water. As the UN recently stated “by 2050 water shortages and harder access will be reached by around 2/3rd of the world total population” [1], thus, there is a high need to treat and reuse wastewater for domestic purposes, which will lead to less reliance on fresh water as an initial water source. Greywater—defined as the water produced in domestic houses including sinks and bathroom showers, and excluding any blackwater mix which is collected from toilets—is a type of wastewater. Greywater accounts for up to 75% of the daily water produced [2] while it has fewer contaminants when compared to blackwater. This makes greywater a focal point for treatment, and reusing to conserve fresh water and approach net zero water concept. Even though the definition of greywater is the same globally, its criteria can differ from one country to another, from one building to another, or even from the same person’s usage along the day. Accordingly, several treatment methods evolved over years aiming at treating the produced greywater for reuse mainly in irrigation and toilet flushing. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate a novel net zero wastewater approach applying cradle-to-cradle concept for urban communities;while also proposing a sustainable greywater treatment technique that is environmentally friendly, cost-effective and socially acceptable.

Analysis of Economic and Socio-Environmental Indicators for Energy, Materials and Water Management and Proposal of Technologies and Alternatives for Sustainable Construction in Housing

The work presents technologies of materials,energy and water management that can be used for sustainable buildings,reducing costs and environmental impacts.The aim was to encourage the reduction of energy consumption,adequate water management and more sustainable material choices in new or existing buildings.For this,a diagnosis of existing technologies and alternatives was carried out in the first stage of the work.The second stage consisted of analyzing among the technologies and alternatives diagnosed from the methodology which can be applied in a fictitious case study of housing,its implementation and maintenance and viability analyzing,finally,environmental indicators,social and economic.The results showed that the best evaluated technologies/alternatives were in Energy:ventilation and natural light;in Water Management:double-action sanitary basin,flow restrictors,aerators with constant flow,and minicistern systems;and in Materials:bamboo,wood,soil-cement brick,earth,steel frame and wood frame,aggregate with ash from rice husks,aggregate with ash from sugarcane bagasse,glass,phase change materials,aggregate with residues of construction and demolition,Portland cement and cement with blast furnace slag;which can be used in the civil construction sector,and provide socio-environmental and economic benefits,encouraging new studies and its use for public/private buildings,aid in the elaboration of public policies to reduce costs and improve the quality of buildings.

Sustainable Water Management for Urban Agriculture, Gardens and Public Open Space Irrigation: A Case Study in Perth

Urban agriculture has been increasingly popular as a form of modern agriculture in urban settings. It includes community gardens, fruit orchards, home gardens, veggie patches, public open spaces, reserves, urban forest, and recreational landscaping. However, irrigation using urban water supply has been identified as a major constraints for the development of urban agriculture. This study presents a sustainable water management trial at Butler, a northern sub-urban development in Perth, Western Australia, for urban irrigation. The trial system consists of a number of water saving features including untreated fit-for-purpose groundwater supplied via a third pipe network, drip irrigation, local weather station, soil moisture sensors connected with a local weather station, night time irrigation, soil enhancement with conditioning and mulching, and use of native plants and vegetation. The trial outcome was compared against controlled areas in terms of irrigation efficiency and sustainable water management for urban agriculture. The study demonstrated that a fit-for-purpose irrigation along with water sensitive land management could be a sustainable alternative for urban agriculture that would achieve a significant water saving and irrigation efficiency at urban settings. However, quality of untreated groundwater can be an issue while utilizing it for irrigation, but the research has shown that it can be managed with innovative irrigation techniques. This indicates that the fit-for-purpose irrigation system with water sensitive land management practices would be highly supportive in sustainable development of urban agriculture, vegetation and recreational landscaping.

Sustainable Tourism:Best Practice in Water Management

On the occasion of“World Water Day 2007”,“Water,the challenge of the century”was said by Jaques Diouf,director general of Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO)of the United Nations,spoke of the critical issues related to water management that man will face in the 21st century.The importance of water derives from its being an indispensable but limited resource.We are not able to produce more than Earth offers,nor can we exploit water resources outside the planet.Nevertheless,water remains a fundamental asset whose demand is expected to grow considerably in the coming years:It is estimated that,by 2050,almost half of the world’s population will be exposed to potential conditions of water stress.The aim of this work is to analyse the role of tourism in the consumption of water resources,in particular,the volumes of water“indirectly”spent to meet the needs of tourists.We will explain in detail what these“indirect consumption”consist of and we will deepen the characteristics of the tourism sector in order to understand the mechanisms that bind it to water resources.

On division management for environmental system of China: lessons from European local sustainable development

The concept of sustainable development, after being brousht forward, has become a shibboleth in the world, at national and local levels. In Europe, this concept is implemented from the local to tha nation, even to the Continent. The local sustainable development mainly consists in two factors： one is the renovating method continually invented by European Secretariot of ICLEI, and the other is that the local authorities towards sustainability are co-operated by the European Sustainable Cities and Towns Campaign. The coo-budget method is the outcome of tbese factors, For our country is a big country, on rapid progression of indastrialization and urbanization, with a large population and scarce resoarces per capita, it is practically significance to study us soon as possible the methodology. Experience from European local sustainable development may help us to resolve the handicap of departraent division in local a, tbority.

The Role of Science in Development of Water Management Profession in Serbia

The reintegration of water management, as an economic branch of special importance in the overall social and economic development of the country, is conditioned by appropriate scientific and technological progress. Water activities, whether water use, to protect against harmful effects of water or water protection, must be based on modem scientific achievements and modem technologies. Starting from the importance of water management, the Republic of Serbia in the past 40 years has provided certain support to basic and applied research in scientific disciplines within water management, energy, agriculture, construction, traffic and other branches. On the basis of these researches, new technology has been acquired, new technological processes have been developed, the technologies of design, construction and management of water management facilities and systems have been improved, devices and equipment have been developed, etc.. Scientific research work in the field of water management in Serbia took its place and was to a certain extent coordinated with the development policy of water management and other economic branches. However, it is evident that scientific and technological development did not follow the upward trend, development did not include water management as an economy branch as a whole, it was not based on the long-term water management development program and it did not have a continuous funding policy. Due to the lack of a long-term water management policy and the appropriate support （institutional and financial） for the implementation of this policy, scientific research in the field of water management has lost a step in relation to the developed countries of the world. Bearing in mind all the problems and plans for the development of water management, which are set out in the Water Management Plan of the Republic of Serbia, it is necessary to adopt a strategic plan for the development of water management, and within this framework, the strategic program of scientific research activities in the following period.

WATER DEPLOYMENT: KEY TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NORTHWEST CHINA

Ⅰ.THE FOCUS OF ECONOMIC RECONSTRUCTION ACROSS THE LAND The Chinese northwest consists of Qinghai Province,Gansu Province, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.Geographically,it is located in the landmass upper-left to the co-ordinate point of 108°East Longitude and 32°North Latitude.According to 1994 statistics,the four provinces (or regions) cover 2.776 million square kilometres in total area,

Climate change, water resources and sustainable development in the arid and semi-arid lands of Central Asia in the past 30 years

The countries of Central Asia are collectively known as the five "-stans": Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan and Kazakhstan. In recent times, the Central Asian region has been affected by the shrinkage of the Aral Sea, widespread desertification, soil salinization, biodiversity loss, frequent sand storms, and many other ecological disasters. This paper is a review article based upon the collection, identification and collation of previous studies of environmental changes and regional developments in Central Asia in the past 30 years. Most recent studies have reached a consensus that the temperature rise in Central Asia is occurring faster than the global average. This warming trend will not only result in a higher evaporation in the basin oases, but also to a significant retreat of glaciers in the mountainous areas. Water is the key to sustainable development in the arid and semi-arid regions in Central Asia. The uneven distribution, over consumption, and pollution of water resources in Central Asia have caused severe water supply problems, which have been affecting regional harmony and development for the past 30 years. The widespread and significant land use changes in the 1990 s could be used to improve our understanding of natural variability and human interaction in the region. There has been a positive trend of trans-border cooperation among the Central Asian countries in recent years. International attention has grown and research projects have been initiated to provide water and ecosystem protection in Central Asia. However, the agreements that have been reached might not be able to deliver practical action in time to prevent severe ecological disasters. Water management should be based on hydrographic borders and ministries should be able to make timely decisions without political intervention. Fully integrated management of water resources, land use and industrial development is essential in Central Asia. The ecological crisis should provide sufficient motivation to reach a consensus on unified water management throughout the region.

The challenge of applying governance and sustainable development to wildland fire management in Southern Europe

This paper discusses participatory processes in wildland fire management （WFM）. Participation is an essential element of both the European Sustainable Development （SD） Strategy and the White Paper on Governance. Governance end SD have thus become an interconnected challenge to be applied to WFM （as a sub-area in forest policy）, amongst other policies. An overspread weakness in WFM is lack of real participation of stakeholders. Absence of （or deficient） participation can seriously impair contribution of this group to WFM in high-risk areas and runs counter governance and the SDS. Further, this weakness might prevent an efficient use of fire as a land management tool （prescribed burning, PB） and as a technique for fighting wildfire （suppression fire, SF）. Even though these fire practices have been well known in many different places, they have been increasingly neglected or Prohibited over time in Southern Europe. At present, forest and fire fighting administrations are turning their eyes back on them and analyzing the benefits of using fire in relation to preventive and suppressive actions. Therefore, participatory and diffusion mechanisms （the latter adopting the shape of national and international experts＇ networks） are required in order to solve the so- called fire paradox： that is, the need to move from a one-dimensinnal perception of the negative impacts of fire to a more sophisticated one that also stresses its positive effects. Governance, based on broad social participation, and diffusion, through fire networks, are of utmost importance in order, first, to diminish long-standing suspicion amongst different interests as to the use of fire and, secondly, to diffuse best practices associated with PB and SF. Most importantly, the ELI should exercise its environmental leadership so that these new fire practices and sustainable WFM are diffused across the international arena.

Theory of Global Sustainable Development Based on Microalgae in Bio and Industrial Cycles, Management-Changing Decisions in Areas of Climate Change and Waste Management

The paper provides requested management-changing decisions through implementation of conclusions of Global Sustainable Development theory based on including of microalgae in Bio and Industrial Cycles in the area of waste-related management challenges within creating market opportunities for industry through expansion of resource efficiency use across global supply chains and new design and building sustainable development with contemporary manufacturing of value added products. A truly coherent waste management and other production policy (biofuel, biopharmaceuticals, food, feed and perfumery additives) and mitigation of Climate Change are ways to bring these traces closer to cost effective manufacturing, improving of resource efficiency use, well being economy and human health. Offered technological change dramatically increase biomass feedstock resources, reduce waste origin of greenhouse emission (since 13%-17%), organics sent to landfill, pyrolyses, etc. and create a model that all elements along the waste value chain create economic, societal and/or environmental value.

Study the Role of Maritime Energy Management in Achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs), in particular, Goal 7, in Oman Maritime Community

Sustainability is a concept for achieving integration and balance in development to preserve and use resources properly by providing new solutions to overcome structural,social and economic misconceptions to prevent further degradation and waste of natural resources and create a better future for human societies.Sustainable development can be defined as a strategy for the correct use of resources,by modifying and redefining consumption patterns and avoiding one-sided development approaches.Therefore,sustainable development is defined as a long-term and unlimited solution for aligning different concepts(social,economic,and environmental),seemingly independent but related and influencing each other.This paper examines the challenges and capacities of the Oman Maritime Community and Maritime Energy Management's role in terms of sustainable development.To analyze this issue,the role of key players in Oman's maritime industry,such as the Oman Fisheries Company and the Oman Shipping Company,has been studied with the five main indicators of sustainable development goals,including people,the planet,peace,welfare,and partnership.

WATER ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ALONG THE BELT OF XINJIANG SECTION OF THE NEW EURASIAN CONTINENTAL BRIDGE

The opening of the new Eusasian Continental Bridge not only brings about great opportunities for development of Xinjjang, but the plays a major role in reducing the gap between the western and eastern parts of China. In general, Xinjiang section of the new Eusasian Continental Bridge goes ahead along the oasis belt of northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains with advanced economy and concentrated populattion. The main factor to determine the fate of oasis is water. There are relativdy more rivers in Xinjiang section Of the Eurasia Continental Bridge. But as far as the region is concerned, if we take Ururmqi as the boundary, river runoff of the western section accounts for 90%,the eastern section just occupies 10%, so surface runoff is highly concentrated in the west. In this paper, river water envirotnment and ground water environment are evaluated emphatical . On the whole,the status of water environment of seven rivers being evaluated is gradually improved and ground water quality of main cities along the bridge is good. In the future, carrying out sustainable development strategy and doing well in compositive prevention and cure should be long-term guidelines so as to ensure the normal running of the new Eurasia Continental Bridge and economic development along the continental bridge.

Management Strategies for Ecocities of Sustainable Development

Building ecocities becomes an objective requirement for sustainable development. This article discusses the relationship between sustainable development and sustainable urban development. On the basis of discussing the sigificance of sustainable urban development and that of an eco-city from different perspectives, it suggests several management strategies for developing an eco-city, a desirable sustainable urban model.

Study on National Sustainable Development Strategy Management Based on Stakeholders Management Theory

Based on the stakeholders management theory,this paper provides a new strategic management method for the National Sustainable Development Strategy.By taking China's National Sustainable Development Strategy Management as an example,this paper identifies all the stakeholders involved and then assesses stakeholders from two dimensions,namely "Importance" and "Attitude",by which all of the stakeholders are divided into six categories.On this basis,further analysis is made to work out strategic management programme by scheduling the strategic emphases,steps and management countermeasures for different types of stakeholders so as to provide theortical evidence for the practice of National Sustainable Developnent Strategy management.

On the Financial Management Strategy under the Background of Corporate Sustainable Development

Sustainable development is the basis of survival. The SMEs as an important part of our national economy, plays the role of increasing national income, expanding employment, stabilizing social situation. Under the new situation, it needs to change the status quo of financial management, financial management to achieve sustainable development of SMEs. This paper is combined with the financial management of the significance of sustainable development as well as financial management problems in the SME financial management strategy.