The rheological behavior of phosphoric acid-water glass grout in different mixing ratios was studied. Grout made of water glass with Baume degree of 20° and 13.4% phosphoric acid by 1:1 volume ratio is found to b...The rheological behavior of phosphoric acid-water glass grout in different mixing ratios was studied. Grout made of water glass with Baume degree of 20° and 13.4% phosphoric acid by 1:1 volume ratio is found to be more effective in stopping water. Laboratory model test of water shutoff by grouting was conducted. Test results show that the diffusion length and water cutoff effect of the grout are significantly improved as the grout head is raised, due to the dilution of underground water, and it takes the grout longer than its gel time to cut off water.展开更多
Research samples were taken from an ancient gravel stratum which is not only a representative soil layer along the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River in East China, but also one of the primary Neozoic strata in...Research samples were taken from an ancient gravel stratum which is not only a representative soil layer along the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River in East China, but also one of the primary Neozoic strata in Naming district. Located mostly on the second and third terraces, the ancient gravel strata formed the geomorphic landscapes of terrace and step. They were complex in constitution, varied widely in stability, of multiple sources, locally derived, and associated with braided streams in the deposition environment. A CIPW (Cross, Iddings, Pirsson and Washington) method modified by the author was used to analyze the soil-rock-forming materials of finer grains (less than 2 mm in size) of the ancient gravel stratum. Results of the analysis showed that the sandy grains were composed of apatite, ilmenite, potassium feldspar, plagioclase, enstatite and free quartz, the clay mainly of kaolinite, and the cement of a combination of silicon, aluminum and iron at a ratio of 46:44:10. In the soil-rock-forming processes, including compactional solidification, water-stable illuviation-cementation t homogeneous overgrowth and so on, the loose soil-rock-forming components gradually changed into consolidated soil and further to the early stage of lithification. Meanwhile, from the analysis, we found that the ancient gravel stratum had been protected by the overlying Xiashu loess or basalt and the overloading resulted in overconsolidated strata. The modified CIPW method was applicable and effective for semi-quantitative analysis.展开更多
基金Projects(41472278,41202220)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(20120022120003)supported by the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education,China+1 种基金Project(2652012065)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,ChinaProject supported by Beijing Higher Education Young Elite Teacher Program,China
文摘The rheological behavior of phosphoric acid-water glass grout in different mixing ratios was studied. Grout made of water glass with Baume degree of 20° and 13.4% phosphoric acid by 1:1 volume ratio is found to be more effective in stopping water. Laboratory model test of water shutoff by grouting was conducted. Test results show that the diffusion length and water cutoff effect of the grout are significantly improved as the grout head is raised, due to the dilution of underground water, and it takes the grout longer than its gel time to cut off water.
文摘Research samples were taken from an ancient gravel stratum which is not only a representative soil layer along the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River in East China, but also one of the primary Neozoic strata in Naming district. Located mostly on the second and third terraces, the ancient gravel strata formed the geomorphic landscapes of terrace and step. They were complex in constitution, varied widely in stability, of multiple sources, locally derived, and associated with braided streams in the deposition environment. A CIPW (Cross, Iddings, Pirsson and Washington) method modified by the author was used to analyze the soil-rock-forming materials of finer grains (less than 2 mm in size) of the ancient gravel stratum. Results of the analysis showed that the sandy grains were composed of apatite, ilmenite, potassium feldspar, plagioclase, enstatite and free quartz, the clay mainly of kaolinite, and the cement of a combination of silicon, aluminum and iron at a ratio of 46:44:10. In the soil-rock-forming processes, including compactional solidification, water-stable illuviation-cementation t homogeneous overgrowth and so on, the loose soil-rock-forming components gradually changed into consolidated soil and further to the early stage of lithification. Meanwhile, from the analysis, we found that the ancient gravel stratum had been protected by the overlying Xiashu loess or basalt and the overloading resulted in overconsolidated strata. The modified CIPW method was applicable and effective for semi-quantitative analysis.
