Separation of Inorganic Anions Using Methacrylate-Based Monolithic Column Modified with Trimethylamine in Ion Chromatography Capillary System

Methacrylate-based monolithic column was prepared in fused-silica capillary (80 ′ 0.32 mm i.d.) by in situ polymerizetion reaction using glycidyl methacrylate as monomer;ethylene dimethacrylate as crosslinker;1-propanol, 1,4-butanediol, and water as porogenic solvents. The monolith matrix was modified with trimethylamine to create strong anion exchanger via ring opening reaction of epoxy groups. The morphology of the monolithic column was studied by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). This column had good mechanical stability and permeability. The effects of various mobile phases for separation of inorganic anions were investigated. Iodate, bromate, nitrite, bromide, and nitrate were separated within 11 min using100 mMpotassium chloride as mobile phase and detected at 210 nm. This method showed good precision of retention time, acceptable linearity and good sensitivity. Under the optimum condition, the RSD of the retention time was in the range of 1.09%-1.75% (n = 6). The calibration curve showed linear relationships between the peak area and the concentration. The limits of detection (LOD) and the limits of quantitation (LOQ) were between 0.08-0.18 mM and 0.26-0.61 mM, respectively. This method was applied to the determination of inorganic anions in tap water and ground water samples.

Organic acids and inorganic anions in Bayer liquors by ion chromatography after solid-phase extraction

A method for the simultaneous separation and determination of organic acids and inorganic anions in Bayer liquors was developed by gradient ion chromatography with suppressed conductivity detection. Formate, acetate, propionate, oxalate, succinate, glutarate, fluoride, chloride and sulfate were separated and determined in 33 min. The samples were pretreated with solid-phase extraction, which has high selectivity for removing a large number of metallic ions in the Bayer liquors, and filtered with a 0.45 μm filter membrane before being injected into the ion chromatographic system. The separation of six organic acids and three inorganic anions was achieved on an IonPac AS11-HC column with KOH as the eluent, and the detection was performed by a conductivity detection mode. No interference is found in the presence of fluorate, chlorate and sulphate when organic acids are determined. The calibration graphs of peak area for all the analytes are linear over a wide range. The relative standard derivation of the peak area of analytes is less than 2.14%. Under optimum conditions the detection ranges from 0.2 to 100.0 mg/L. The average recoveries of the added standards are between 94.3% and 102.8%.

Determination of inorganic anions in ethyl acetate by in-line hollow fiber membrane extraction with ion chromatography

在这个工作，一个新奇空纤维膜抽出者被设置用 deionized 水从乙醇醋酸盐提取无机的阴离子。在稍微可溶的器官的溶剂的无机的阴离子能被结合的同轴的空纤维膜抽出者决定离子层析起初时间。象磁性的激动人心的速度，抽取流动率和抽取时间那样的抽取过程的不同方面被优化完成高抽取效率和好分离结果。令人满意的线性范围，察觉的限制和好重覆性被获得。过程被使用在二件商业乙醇醋酸盐样品分析无机的阴离子。

Deposition of water-soluble inorganic ions in PM_(2.5) in a typical forestry system in Beijing,China

Background: Rapid economic development in China has resulted in an increase in severe air pollution in city groups such as the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region. PM2.5(fine particles with an aerodynamic equivalent diameter of 2.5 μm or less) is one of the most important pollutants. The deposition process is an important way of removing particles from the air. To evaluate the effect of an urban forest on atmospheric particle removal, a concentration gradient method was used to measure the deposition velocities of water-soluble inorganics in PM2.5 in two national forest parks in Beijing, China. The following eight water-soluble inorganic ions in PM2.5 were investigated: sodium, ammonium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, chloride, nitrate, and sulfate.Methods: Samples were taken from two sites in Beijing from the 7 th to the 15 th May, 2013. The concentrations of water-soluble inorganic ions were analyzed with ion chromatography. We used the concentration gradient technique to estimate the deposition flux and velocity. To determine the relationships between leaf traits and particle accumulation, typical leaf samples from each selected species were studied using scanning electron microscopy.Results: The total deposition flux and total deposition velocity during the daytime were higher than those at night.Sulfate showed the biggest deposition flux and velocity at both study sites, whereas the other ions showed different trends at each site. Result from higher proportion of coniferous to broadleaved trees, the total deposition flux of the eight ions measured in Jiufeng National Forest Park was greater than that in Olympic Forest Park.Conclusions: The deposition velocity was affected by meteorological conditions such as wind speed, temperature,and humidity. The deposition velocity was also influenced by tree species. The surface of plants is an important factor influencing particle deposition. The results of this study may help in assessing the effects of forestry systems on particle removal and provide evidence for urban air pollution control and afforestation of urban areas.

Fe-based metallic glass as heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst for azo dyes degradation:effect of inorganic anions

Metallic glasses(MGs) are promising heterogeneous catalysts in water remediation,due to their superior efficiency,selectivity,reusability and corrosion resistance.However,few works are focused on the influence of inorganic anions that are abundant in wastewater.Herein,four common inorganic anions were added in a heterogeneous Fenton-like system(Fe-MG/H_(2)O_(2)) to study inorganic anions' influence on MGs' catalytic performance during methylene blue(MB) degradation.Evidence demonstrated that chloride ions and dihydrogen phosphate ions had an adverse effect on the catalytic performance of Fe-MG,whereas Fe-MG/H_(2)O_(2) system sustained high efficiency in the presence of sulfate ions and nitrate ions during the Fenton-like process.By studying the structure,surface morphology,and evolution of active species,it was found that inorganic anions had a significant effect on the surface morphology of Fe-MG and the generation of active species.This work will provide essential references for MGs as heterogeneous catalysts in practical applications.

无机阴离子对低温拜耳法中脱硅产物析出的影响

利用XRD、FT-IR、SEM和PSD等手段系统研究无机阴离子对低温拜耳法过程中脱硅产物(DSPs)的组成、结构以及微观形貌的影响。当溶液中存在氯化物、硫酸盐和碳酸盐时,形成氯化物型方钠石、碳酸盐型方钠石和黝方石,部分铝酸盐离子被阴离子杂质取代。硫酸盐与DSPs的结合能力强于铝酸盐、氯化物和碳酸盐。随着阴离子浓度的增加,DSPs的粒径增大,且DSPs的团聚程度和圆形片层结构的厚度均有所增加。此外,阴离子杂质会促进沸石骨架的溶解和方钠石中四元环的形成,从而促进沸石向方钠石转化。

阴离子对Mo_(2)C/过氧单硫酸盐降解抗生素的影响

本文研究了水中典型无机阴离子SO_(4)^(2-)、NO_(3)^(-)、Cl-、HCO_(3)^(-)、CO_(3)^(2-)对层状Mo_(2)C活化过氧单硫酸盐(PMS)氧化降解氯霉素类抗生素的影响.结果表明,5种无机阴离子对3种氯霉素类抗生素(氯霉素、甲砜霉素、氟苯尼考)的降解反应均具有抑制作用.其中SO_(4)^(2-)和NO_(3)^(-)主要影响抗生素的反应速率,Cl-、HCO_(3)^(-)、CO_(3)^(2-)既影响其降解率又影响其反应速率.在Cl-、HCO_(3)^(-)和CO_(3)^(2-)浓度分别为20mmol/L时,氯霉素的降解率从100%分别降为59.27%、2.85%、无降解;甲砜霉素的降解率从100%分别降为64.64%、8.54%、无降解;氟苯尼考的降解率从100%分别降为33.23%、1.38%、无降解.其中,CO_(3)^(2-)对抗生素降解具有强抑制作用,在5mmol/L时就可完全抑制3种氯霉素类抗生素降解.5种阴离子对3种氯霉素类抗生素的降解影响具有同样的趋势,表现为CO_(3)^(2-)>HCO_(3)^(-)>Cl->NO_(3)^(-)≈SO_(4)^(2-).此外,3种抗生素的降解率与Cl^(-)浓度之间存在显著负相关关系,而甲砜霉素和氟苯尼考的降解率与HCO_(3)^(-)浓度之间也存在显著负相关关系.

离子色谱法测定玉溪北城“涩水”中4种无机阴离子

为了研究玉溪市北城“涩水”中无机阴离子的含量是否符合《生活饮用水卫生标准》中的限值,采用离子色谱法测定了玉溪北城“涩水”中F^(-)、Cl^(-)、NO_(3)^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)的含量。结果表明,玉溪北城“涩水”中1月、2月、3月和4月的F^(-)、Cl^(-)、NO_(3)^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)四种无机阴离子含量低于《生活饮用水卫生标准》中的限值。该方法标准曲线相关系数在0.9990以上,样品加标回收率在93.73%~109.20%之间,检出的数据准确可靠。结果为进一步探究“涩水”的水源保护和商用价值开发提供了数据支撑。

INVESTIGATION ON SEPARATION OF INORGANIC ANIONS BY REVERSED-PHASE ION-PAIR LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

Ⅰ. INTRODUCTIONReversed-phase ion-pair liquid chromatography is widely used in the separation of ionized organic compounds. In recent years, the separation of inorganic ions by the reversedphase ion-pair liquid chromatography with indirect UV detection or conductivity

自搭建离子色谱仪及其在无机阴离子检测方面的应用

为了帮助学生深入理解化学分析仪器的构造和工作原理,训练学生的创新思维、实践能力和团队协作能力,增强学生在化学分析仪器相关的基础实验中的参与感,设计了可供学生自行搭建离子色谱仪的新创实验,并将其应用于无机阴离子的检测。实验包含具有完整功能的离子色谱仪整机以及关键部件“电化学离子抑制器”的组装搭建,仪器基本功能的调试和性能测试以及自来水、湖水和茶水等实际水样中阴离子的定性和定量检测。该项目采用商品化的标准组件和自行加工的部件来搭建仪器,实验复现性高,还可以有效训练指导教师专业综合素质,显著提升基础实验教学效果和水平。与商品化整机比较,价格低廉,对教学经费投入要求低,适合在高校中化学及相关专业的仪器分析基础实验教学中推广。

离子色谱法测定盐湖沉积物中可溶性阴离子

盐湖沉积物中可溶性阴离子提取和测试方法对其实验结果至关重要,但不同的前处理提取和测试条件缺乏系统的对比和优化。通过对比水浴加热、超声提取、涡旋振荡三种前处理条件的提取效率,发现涡旋振荡离心的前处理方法回收率最佳,并进一步优化了水土比例、涡旋振荡离心方法的浸提时间和浸提次数。在离子色谱测试中发现以30 mmol/L KOH溶液作为淋洗液,流速1 mL/min,柱温30℃,电导检测器进行离子色谱分析效果最佳。最终建立了以涡旋振荡离心为前处理提取,离子色谱法测定盐湖沉积物中四种无机可溶性阴离子(F^(-)、Cl^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)和NO_(3)^(-))的检测方法。结果表明,四种阴离子检出限≤0.026 mg/L,线性相关性良好R2≥0.998,加标回收率为80.0%~114%,精密度RSD为0.64%~1.3%,具有快速准确、灵敏度高、简单可靠等优点,通过对6份西藏地区盐湖表层沉积物样品进行分析,发现Cl_(-)和SO_(4)^(2-)是主要的阴离子成份,与湖泊盐度趋势基本符合。方法可适用于高盐度盐湖沉积物样品中无机阴离子的测定。

固相萃取净化-离子色谱法测定不同生长期新鲜烟叶中的7种无机阴离子

为了研究不同生长期新鲜烟叶中无机阴离子的含量和变化规律,建立了一种固相萃取净化-离子色谱法测定新鲜烟叶中的,7种无机阴离子(F^(-)、Cl^(-)、Br^(-)、NO_(2)^(-)、NO_(3)^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)、PO_(4)^(3-))的方法。样品经0.1 mol/L NaOH水溶液超声提取,萃取液经RP1.0cc固相萃取柱净化后,使用AS11-HC(4 mm×250 mm)色谱柱进行分离,以KOH为流动相,梯度洗脱。结果表明,7种无机阴离子在0.10~5.0μg/mL范围内具有较好的线性(r>0.996),检出限在0.01~0.04μg/mL,定量限在0.04~0.14μg/mL,加标回收率为96.3%~102%,相对标准偏差(RSD)在2.7%~4.8%。方法前处理操作简单,7种无机阴离子分离好,检测灵敏准确,可用于不同生长时期新鲜烟叶样品中多种无机阴离子含量的检测分析。

Comparative study on water-soluble inorganic ions in PM2.5 from two distinct climate regions and air quality

Recently, air quality has significantly improved in developed country, but that issue is of concern in emerging megacity in developing country.In this study, aerosols and their precursor gas were collected by NILU filter pack at two distinct urban sites during the winter and summer in Osaka, Japan and dry and rainy seasons in Ho Chi Minh City(HCMC),Vietnam.The aims are to investigate the contribution of water-soluble inorganic ions(WSIIs) to PM2.5, thermodynamic characterization and possible formation pathway of secondary inorganic aerosol(SIA).The PM2.5 concentration in Osaka(15.8 μg/m^3) is lower than that in HCMC(23.0 μg/m^3), but the concentration of WSIIs in Osaka(9.0 μg/m^3) is two times higher than that in HCMC(4.1 μg/m^3).Moreover, SIA including NH4^+, NO3^-and SO4^2-are major components in WSIIs accounting for 90% and 76%(in molar) in Osaka and HCMC,respectively.Thermodynamic models were used to understand the thermodynamic characterization of urban aerosols.Overall, statistical analysis results indicate that very good agreement(R2> 0.8) was found for all species, except for nitrate aerosol in HCMC.We found that when the crustal species present at high amount, those compositions should be included in model calculation(i.e.in the HCMC situation).Finally, we analyzed the characteristics of NH4^+– NO3^-– SO4^2-system.A possible pathway to produce fine nitrate aerosol in Osaka is via the homogeneous reaction between NH3 and HNO3, while nonvolatile nitrate aerosols can be formed by the heterogeneous reactions in HCMC.

馆藏砖石质文物有害盐中多种无机及有机酸阴离子的定量分析

博物馆环境空气中无机或有机酸性污染气体会腐蚀馆藏砖石质文物并使其表面出现有害盐。常见的有害盐种类复杂,可能同时含有无机和有机酸阴离子。为进一步认识文物盐害和分析盐害产生的原因,本研究建立了一种基于离子色谱的有害盐中无机和有机酸阴离子定量分析方法。该方法可同时测定馆藏砖石质文物上有害盐中氟离子、氯离子、溴离子、硝酸根、亚硝酸根、磷酸根、硫酸根、甲酸根、乙酸根、丙酸根、丁酸根、戊酸根等十二种阴离子。采用2~30 mmol/L KOH淋洗液梯度洗脱,能够在35 min的检测时间下实现该十二种阴离子的快速分离与准确检测。所有阴离子的标准曲线的相关系数均高于0.995,检出限为0.001~0.022μg/mL,定量限为0.004~0.073μg/mL;加标回收率为81.8%~107.0%。该方法采用超纯水作为溶剂,样品处理简单,易于操作;具有成本低廉、检测时间短和准确性高的特点;可定量计算有害盐中多种无机及有机酸阴离子的质量分数。将该方法应用于中国国家博物馆馆藏“汉并天下”瓦当和仿制玉炉表面有害盐中的无机及有机酸阴离子的分析,可为分析盐害发生的原因,阻止、延缓及预测盐害的发生提供依据。

Selection of magnetic anion exchange resins for the removal of dissolved organic and inorganic matters

Four magnetic anion exchange resins （MAERs） were used as adsorbents to purify drinking water. The effect of water quality （pH, temperature, ionic strength, etc.） on the performance of MAER for the removal of dissolved organic matter （DOM） was also investigated. Among the four studied MAERs, the strong base resin named NDMP- 1 with high water content and enhanced exchange capacity exhibited the highest removal rate of dissolved organic carbon （DOC） （48.9% removal rate） and UV-absorbing substances （82.4% removal rate） with a resin dose of 10 mL/L after 30 rain of contact time. The MAERs could also effectively remove inorganic matter such as sulfate, nitrate and fluoride. Because of the higher specific UV absorbance （SUVA） value, the DOM in the raw water was found to be removed more effectively than that in the clarified water by NDMP resin. The temperature showed a weak influence on the removal of DOC from 6 to 26℃, while a relatively strong one at 36℃. The removal of DOM by NDMP was also affected to some extent by the pH value. Moreover, increasing the sulfate concentration in the raw water could decrease the removal rates of DOC and UV-absorbing substances.

Research on Inorganic Anion Recognition of Calix[4]pyrroles and Dipyrrylmethanes by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis

Capillary electrophoresis （CE） can separate charged and neutral substances with high speed and efficiency. In this paper, utilizing meso-octamethylcalix[4]pyrrole, meso-tetraspirocyclohexylcalJx[4]pyrrole, bimethyl bi（2-pyrryl）- methane and 1,1-bi（2-pyrryl）cyclohexane as additives in capillary zone electrophoresis （CZE） electrolyte, their recognition ability to inorganic anions was discussed. The dipyrrylmethanes have better recognition ability than others. Their effects on separation of seven normal inorganic anions by CZE were studied.

贵州威宁草海中阴离子含量的测定

采用离子色谱法对草海水体中F^(-)、Cl^(-)、NO^(-)_(2)、Br^(-)、NO^(-)_(3)、H_(2)PO^(-)_(4)、SO_(4)^(2-)等7种无机阴离子进行了分析测定。实验结果表明:标准曲线相关系数均大于0.997,相对标准偏差为1.568%~3.750%,试样加标回收率为93.5%~111.7%。各河段水样中F-质量浓度值小于1 mg/L,符合国家Ⅱ级标准(GB 3838—2002),其余Cl^(-)、NO^(-)_(3)、NO^(-)_(2)、Br^(-)、H_(2)PO^(-)_(4)均符合国家Ⅱ级标准,SO_(4)^(2-)最大质量浓度为90.42 mg/L,小于中国地表水标准限值。

离子色谱法测定聚乙二醇6000中有机酸和无机阴离子

目的建立离子色谱法测定聚乙二醇6000中的10种有机酸和无机阴离子含量。方法采用IonPac AS11-HC(250 mm×4 mm,9μm)分析柱,以KOH淋洗液进行梯度洗脱,柱温30℃,流速1.0 mL·min^(-1),进样量25μL,选择电导检测器进行测定,外标法定量。结果在该色谱条件下,10种有机酸和无机阴离子的峰面积与质量浓度的线性关系良好(r≥0.999),平均回收率为93.4%~100.6%,RSD为0.60%~2.6%。结论本方法检出限低、重现性好,可用于聚乙二醇6000中有机酸和无机阴离子含量的控制。

利用离子色谱法测定10%聚丙烯酸溶液中多种无机阴离子含量

常用做各类循环冷却水系统阻垢分散剂的10%聚丙烯酸溶液中,如果含有侵蚀性的无机阴离子(如F^(-)、Cl^(-)、NO_(3)^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)等)将会对阻垢作用产生重大影响,极易造成管道以及设备部件腐蚀,影响循环冷却水系统的正常运行。为了完成某厂进厂原料10%聚丙烯酸溶液中各种无机阴离子含量的检测需求,建立了离子色谱法同时测定10%聚丙烯酸溶液中的多种无机阴离子含量的外标定量方法。实验结果表明,该原料样品中F含量为未检出,Cl含量为4.84mg/kg,NO3-含量为4.75mg/kg,SO_(4)^(2-)含量为4.55mg/kg,满足进厂原料的质量要求。且通过重复性实验测试该检测方法的精密度和空白溶液加标回收率,结果表明该方法相对标准偏差(RSD)<1%,加标回收率均在(100±5)%范围内,表明该方法具有良好的精密度和准确性,可以满足各类工厂对进厂原料10%聚丙烯酸溶液的品质指标管控需求。

离子色谱法测定地下水中4种无机阴离子的优化条件

离子色谱的色谱柱使用1-2年后,其柱效会明显降低,特别是F^(-)与Cl^(-)分离度减小,如何通过适当地调整色谱工作条件,来提高分离效能,以达到节约成本延长色谱柱使用时间非常有意义。本文对淋洗液浓度、淋洗液流速及保存时间进行条件试验,试验结果仪器精密度、准确度符合标准要求。并在优化条件下测定本地区2023年度地下水中F^(-)、Cl^(-)、NO_(3)^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)等4种无机阴离子的含量,并结合2021-2022年检测结果,综合分析近3年来本地区地下水中无机阴离子的含量及变化趋势。