Based on the second order random wave solutions of water wave equations in finite water depth, statistical distributions of the depth integrated local horizontal momentum components are derived by use of the charact...Based on the second order random wave solutions of water wave equations in finite water depth, statistical distributions of the depth integrated local horizontal momentum components are derived by use of the characteristic function expansion method. The parameters involved in the distributions can be all determined by the water depth and the wave number spectrum of ocean waves. As an illustrative example, a fully developed wind generated sea is considered and the parameters are calculated for typical wind speeds and water depths by means of the Donelan and Pierson spectrum. The effects of nonlinearity and water depth on the distributions are also investigated.展开更多
文摘Based on the second order random wave solutions of water wave equations in finite water depth, statistical distributions of the depth integrated local horizontal momentum components are derived by use of the characteristic function expansion method. The parameters involved in the distributions can be all determined by the water depth and the wave number spectrum of ocean waves. As an illustrative example, a fully developed wind generated sea is considered and the parameters are calculated for typical wind speeds and water depths by means of the Donelan and Pierson spectrum. The effects of nonlinearity and water depth on the distributions are also investigated.
文摘准确的震源深度对理解板块构造过程,地震断层结构,非天然地震识别等有重要意义.地震面波远场振幅公式显示面波振幅谱与震源机制、观测方位和震源深度有密切关系.当震源机制与观测方位确定后,可以利用面波振幅谱与震源深度唯一依赖关系,确定震源深度.浅源地震面波振幅谱在0.01~0.08 Hz之间的某个很窄的频段会出现陷波现象即振幅能量衰减,陷波位置与震源深度和频率有密切关系.本研究分析了不同震源机制解的理论地震图陷波现象出现的位置与震源深度的关系.通过理论地震图计算,得到不同震源深度的远场面波振幅谱,与实际观测波形对比,并进行深度定位.理论地震图面波振幅谱显示,震源深度的微小变化会引起面波振幅谱的变化,因此可以精确确定浅源地震的震源深度.震源机制解与震源深度具有耦合现象,为了分析震源机制的扰动对震源深度定位的影响,反演了九寨沟地震的震源机制解,并对走向、倾角、滑动角分别增加±10°的扰动,结果显示震源机制解的较小扰动对深度定位影响不大.为了消除低频噪声、剪切波、短周期面波等对面波振幅谱的影响,利用AK135速度模型对地震波形进行去频散处理.本研究利用瑞利(Rayleigh)面波振幅谱能量衰减特征对2017年8月8日四川九寨沟M7.0地震震源深度进行确定,得到本次地震震源深度为8.2 km.
