Tensor and Effective Vector Approach to Gravitational Radiation in the Weak Field Limit

The purpose of the present paper is to enquire whether General Relativity (GR) is necessary for the prediction of gravitational waves. It will be shown that in the weak field limit the same predictions come also from the treatment of a zero mass, spin 2 gravitational scattering amplitude. This will also justify the simpler effective vector approach of the author, only the angular distribution differing from that of a tensor theory.

Oscillation of Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction driven by weak electric fields

Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction(DMI) is under extensive investigation considering its crucial status in chiral magnetic orders, such as Néel-type domain wall(DW) and skyrmions. It has been reported that the interfacial DMI originating from Rashba spin–orbit coupling(SOC) can be linearly tuned with strong external electric fields. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate that the strength of DMI exhibits rapid fluctuations, ranging from 10% to 30% of its original value, as a function of applied electric fields in Pt/Co/MgO heterostructures within the small field regime(< 10-2V/nm). Brillouin light scattering(BLS) experiments have been performed to measure DMI, and first-principles calculations show agreement with this observation, which can be explained by the variation in orbital hybridization at the Co/MgO interface in response to the weak electric fields. Our results on voltage control of DMI(VCDMI) suggest that research related to the voltage control of magnetic anisotropy for spin–orbit torque or the motion control of skyrmions might also have to consider the role of the external electric field on DMI as small voltages are generally used for the magnetoresistance detection.

Precise measurement of a weak radio frequency electric field using a resonant atomic probe

We present a precise measurement of a weak radio frequency electric field with a frequency of ■3 GHz employing a resonant atomic probe that is constituted with a Rydberg cascade three-level atom, including a cesium ground state |6S(1/2)〉,an excited state |6P(3/2)〉, and Rydberg state |nD(5/2)〉. Two radio frequency(RF) electric fields, noted as local and signal fields, couple the nearby Rydberg transition. The two-photon resonant Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency(Rydberg-EIT) is employed to directly read out the weak signal field having hundreds of k Hz difference between the local and signal fields that is encoded in the resonant microwave-dressed Rydberg atoms. The minimum detectable signal fields of ESmin= 1.36 ± 0.04 mV/m for 2.18 GHz coupling |68D(5/2)〉→ |69P(3/2)〉 transition and 1.33 ± 0.02 mV/m for 1.32 GHz coupling |80D(5/2)〉→ |81P(3/2)〉 transition are obtained, respectively. The bandwidth dependence is also investigated by varying the signal field frequency and corresponding -3 dB bandwidth of 3 MHz is attained. This method can be employed to perform a rapid and precise measurement of the weak electric field, which is important for the atom-based microwave metrology.

Maintained Exposure to Spring Water but Not Double Distilled Water in Darkness and Thixotropic Conditions to Weak (~1 µT) Temporally Patterned Magnetic Fields Shift Photon Spectroscopic Wavelengths: Effects of Different Shielding Materials

Spring water but not double-distilled water was exposed, in darkness, to a temporally patterned weak magnetic field that has been shown to affect planarian behavior and slow the rate of cancer cell proliferation. Exposure to the magnetic field caused a reliable shift in the peak (longer) wave-length of ~10 nm for fluorescence emissions and a ~20% increase (~100 counts) in fluorescence intensity. Spectral analyses verified a shift of 5 and 10 nm, equivalent to ~1.5 × 10-20 J “periodicity” across the measured wavelengths, which could reflect a change in the an intrinsic energy as predicted by Del Giudice and Preparata and could correspond to two lengths of O-H bonds. Wrapping the water sample containers during exposure with copper foil, aluminum foil, or plastic altered these fluorescent profiles. The most conspicuous effect was the elimination of a ~280 nm peak in the UV-VIS emission spectra only for samples wrapped with copper foil but not aluminum or plastic. These results suggest that weak magnetic fields produce alterations in the water-ionic complexes sufficient to be reliably measured by spectrophotometry. Because the effect was most pronounced when the spring water was exposed in darkness and was not disturbed the role of thixotropic phenomena and Del Giudice entrapment of magnetic fields within coherent domains of Pollack virtual exclusion zones (EZ) may have set the conditions for subsequent release of the energy as photons.

Action potential-simulated weak electric fields can directly initiate myelination

BACKGROUND： Myelination is a process whereby glial cells identify, adhere, wrap and enclose axons to form a spiral myelin sheath. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effects of action potential-simulated weak electric fields on myelination in the central nervous system. DESIGN AND SETTING： This single-sample observation study was performed at the 324 Hospital of Chinese PLA. MATERIALS： Two 5 μm carbon fibers were provided by the Institute of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. One Sprague Dawley rat, aged 1 day, was used. METHODS： Cerebral cortex was harvested from the rat to prepare a suspension [（1 2）× 10^5/mL] containing neurons and glial cells. To simulate the axon, carbon fibers were placed at the bottom of the neuron-glial cell coculture dish, and were electrified with a single phase square wave current, 1×10^-2, 1×10^-3, 1×10^-4, and 1×10^-5 seconds, 1 Hz, 40 mV, and 10 μA, 30 minutes each, once a day for 10 consecutive days to simulate weak negative electric fields during action potential conduction. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Glial cell growth and wrapping of carbon fibers were observed by phase contrast microscopy and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS： On culture day 7, cell groups were found to adhere to negative carbon fibers in the 1 × 10^-3 seconds square wave group. Cell membrane-like substances grew out of cell groups, wrapped the carbon fibers, and stretched to the ends of carbon fibers. Only some small and round cells close to negative carbon fibers were found on culture day 12. In the 1 × 10^-4 and 1 × 10^-3 seconds square wave groups, the negative carbon fibers were wrapped by oligodendrocytes or their progenitor cells. CONCLUSION： The local negative electric field which is generated by action potentials at 1×（10^-4-10^-3） seconds, 40 mV can directly initiate and participate in myelination in the central nervous system.

Self-sustained firing activities of the cortical network with plastic rules in weak AC electrical fields

Both external and endogenous electrical fields widely exist in the environment of cortical neurons. The effects of a weak alternating current （AC） field on a neural network model with synaptic plasticity are studied. It is found that self-sustained rhythmic firing patterns, which are closely correlated with the cognitive functions, are significantly modified due to the self-organizing of the network in the weak AC field. The activities of the neural networks are affected by the synaptic connection strength, the exterrtal stimuli, and so on. In the presence of learning rules, the synaptic connections can be modulated by the external stimuli, which will further enhance the sensitivity of the network to the external signal. The properties of the external AC stimuli can serve as control parameters in modulating the evolution of the neural network.

Progressive Obesity in Female Rats from Synergistic Interactions between Drugs and Whole Body Application of Weak, Physiologically Patterned Magnetic Fields

Prepubescent female rats treated with the atypical neuroleptic acepromazine but not ketamine, prazosin, or doxepin, after lithium/pilocarpine-induced seizures gradually became obese over their lifetimes if spontaneous seizures developed. Mild increases in weight gain were induced when prepuberal females were given pilocarpine and acepromazine while being exposed briefly (1.5 hr) to a frequency-modulated magnetic field known to induce seizures. Weekly (1.5 hr) exposures to physiologically-patterned magnetic fields over 36 wks had no effect on weight gain while continuous periseizure exposure to 50 Hz fields above about 1 μT facilitated mild weight gains and protracted aggression. Perinatal exposure to a very weak, a 7 Hz magnetic field or a nitric oxide inhibitor retarded the weight gain induced by the obesity procedure. These results indicate that synergisms during a single episode between neuronal electrical lability and pharmacological states can initiate a process of weight gain that progresses to extreme obesity. We suggest that at least a component of the global “epidemic of obesity” could be related to a synergism between the insidious emergence of amplitude modulations within biologically compatible electromagnetic frequencies from the proliferation of communication systems and the pervasive utilization of pharmacology to treat transient disorders of ontogeny within the human population.

经颅直流电刺激–经颅磁刺激–音乐融合刺激对脑力疲劳干预效果的研究

目的评估经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)、经颅磁刺激(TMS)和音乐(Music)多物理场融合刺激方案对脑力疲劳的干预效果。方法疲劳诱发后,10名受试者分别接受空白(静息态)干预、音乐干预和tDCS-TMS-Music多物理场干预。tDCS刺激部位位于受试者双额区,TMS刺激部位为后脑双侧枕部。每次刺激干预前后统计受试者主观疲劳量表、测定心率变异性和被试反应绩效,研究不同干预方案对脑力疲劳的缓解效果。结果与音乐组和空白组相比,tDCS-TMS-Music组干预后脑力负荷程度、反应绩效和心率变异性指标改善效果更好。结论tDCS-TMS-Music融合干预方案能够有效缓解长时间认知操作任务诱发的脑力疲劳,干预效果优于相同时间的音乐干预和静息态缓解。

弱电场中油菜籽蛋白提取优化及结构测定

以冷榨油菜籽为原料,将弱电场引入到油菜籽蛋白的提取中,使用单因素和正交试验结合法对弱电场中油菜籽蛋白提取工艺进行优化。结果表明:油菜籽蛋白提取因素对提取率影响的主次顺序为电压>温度>料液比,最佳提取工艺为电场电压15 V、水污温度30℃、料液比1∶10(g/mL),在此条件下提取率可达7.59%。使用红外光谱及元素分析对产品进行分析,显示提取产物中存在明显的酰胺Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ带,其蛋白纯度为88.75%;最后测定了最佳条件提取产物的扫描电镜,结果显示蛋白质成不规则颗粒状。本研究结果证明使用电场絮凝,可获得纯度较高的蛋白质,此研究可为其他种类蛋白质在弱电场中的提取提供一定的参考。

长期运行引水隧洞开裂衬砌受力影响规律与承载特性

衬砌裂缝是引水隧洞中常见的病害之一,衬砌开裂会对隧洞衬砌承载力和安全性造成不同程度的影响。以长期服役的东江水源工程引水隧洞衬砌为研究对象,通过现场检测确定了全洞段裂缝的产状、分布规律和开裂特征。利用ANSYS软件中的软弱薄层单元,建立了开裂衬砌的三维数值模型,得出贯穿型纵向裂缝的位置变化对衬砌结构安全性的影响,系统分析了衬砌的承载特性。结果表明,衬砌开裂条件下,衬砌结构局部开裂区的安全系数降低最为显著,尤其是拱肩位置的裂缝对结构的危害程度远大于边墙、拱顶裂缝;另外,裂缝的产生会对其他未开裂部位的受力特性及稳定性产生影响。数值模拟结果良好地体现了裂损衬砌对隧洞结构的影响规律,与现场检测结果一致,为长期服役下隧洞结构病害防治提供了参考。

一种用于个人剂量当量H_(p)(0.07)监测的剂量计研制

鉴于目前国内生产的个人剂量当量H_(p)(0.07)剂量计对低能β辐射响应较差,以及对β、γ混合场中H_(p)(0.07)剂量测量误差较大的问题,基于LiF:Mg,Cu,P热释光探测器,结合模拟计算,研制了一种ZF-P7型H_(p)(0.07)剂量计。其性能指标测试结果表明:对于最大能量为225 keV~2.274 MeV的β射线,响应在0.67~0.95之间;对16 keV~1 250 keV的X、γ射线,响应在0.66~1.45之间;在剂量100μSv~1.2 Sv范围内,剂量线性在0.91~1.10范围内;在入射角为0~±60°,对65 keV X射线的角度响应在0.99~1.09范围之内,对^(85)Kr β射线角度响应在0.94~1.11范围之内。经实验验证,ZF-P7型H_(p)(0.07)剂量计的各项指标均满足行业标准EJ/T 1178—2005和检定规程JJG(军工)37—2014要求。由于该ZF-P7型剂量计性能优良,特别是对不同能量的X、γ、β辐射响应较好,可解决混合辐射场作业人员H_(p)(0.07)的剂量准确监测难题,将来可以广泛应用于辐射工作人员的H_(p)(0.07)剂量监测中。

Radical involved reactive wetting and retarding mechanism of alumina refractory ceramic by molten slags under weak static magnetic field

High alumina slag will cause severe corrosion at the interface of alumina refractory,and the wetting behavior of slag is a key factor influencing the corrosion resistance of refractory ceramics.The static magnetic field is a promising solution for improvement in the slag resistance of refractory.The wetting of alumina refractory ceramics with different basicities of high alumina slags under a weak static magnetic field was analyzed,given that a weak static magnetic field can affect the corrosion behavior of refractory ceramics.Taking slag S_(3) as an example,when there was an external static magnetic field of 1.0 mT at 1600 ℃,the thickness of calcium aluminate reaction layer at the interface decreased by 36.7%,the denting depth of interface decreased by 35.6%,and the apparent wetting angle increased by 20%.The living radicals and their formation path in oxide melts were verified by first-principles calculation combined with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis.The influence of the flux density of a weak static magnetic field on the wetting behavior of slags was also explored.The contact angle of the slags increased owing to the inhibitory effect of magnetic field on the radicalinvolved reaction at the interface of the slag and the alumina refractory ceramic.The relationships between the magnetic flux density,diffusion coefficient,slag microstructure(hyperfine coupling constant),and contact angle were established.This provides a theoretical basis for the field control of radical involved reactive wetting between inorganic oxide slags and solid oxide ceramics.

磁性纳米颗粒质量检测方法研究

提出一种基于亥姆霍兹线圈和TMR磁传感器的磁性纳米颗粒质量检测方法和装置,在匀强磁场下使用TMR磁传感器对不同质量的磁性纳米颗粒弱磁响应信号进行检测,分析磁响应信号随质量变化的趋势并绘制标准化曲线。结果表明:磁性纳米颗粒弱磁响应信号同质量之间呈正相关函数关系。所提方法和装置为进一步研究磁性纳米颗粒用于免疫分析和单分子检测以获取其他相关信息提供了理论基础,具有良好的应用前景。

滑坡面瑞雷波波场模拟及H/V谱比探测

滑坡是一种分布广泛、数量众多、危害巨大的地质灾害,准确确定滑坡滑动面对滑坡防治具有重大意义。传统的勘探手段,如钻探和地球物理方法在起伏较大的滑坡地形中具有诸多限制。本文以四川省屏山县东池庄滑坡为参考,建立了起伏地形软弱性土质滑坡模型,进行了瑞雷波波场模拟并经过模式分离后计算求得水平/垂直(H/V)谱比曲线。对比分析了波场传播及H/V谱比曲线的特征,发现在110道检波器排列中,中心部位检波器的峰值频率可作为计算土石分界面的卓越频率。设计了土层厚度分别为25、31、35 m的滑坡模型,发现土层厚度与峰值频率呈负相关关系。给出了地层为黏性土与泥岩时的频率-深度经验公式,得到了连续滑动面信息,经验公式计算结果与实际模型吻合较好。

滨海区软弱地基工程特性及水泥搅拌桩加固效果

东南滨海区深厚复杂软弱地基具有地下水位高、淤泥质软土厚度大、地基强度低等特点,地基沉降变形难以控制。依托汕头至汕尾高速铁路地基加固工程,通过现场原位试验及室内试验分析滨海地区软土工程特性,提出采用水泥搅拌桩法进行地基加固,并对搅拌桩配合比及施工方案进行优化设计。地基加固后通过成桩质量检测对加固效果进行分析。结果表明:工点软土地基土体抗剪强度为28.7 kPa,地下水位埋深1.2~2.0 m,淤泥质软土层对水泥土成桩效果有较大影响;基于软土地基工程特性,施工采用“四搅四喷”成桩工艺,搅拌桩水灰比0.55、灰砂比0.40、水泥掺量为20%;经现场取芯测试和复合地基荷载试验可知,水泥土强度在0.520~2.953 MPa;地基沉降随荷载增加逐渐减缓,水泥搅拌桩复合地基最大沉降量为7.48 mm,地基承载力为180 kPa;桩体强度和地基承载力均满足规范要求。

低频脉冲磁场诱导TRPC1改善COVID-19患者康复期下肢的肌肉无力症状

背景:肌肉无力是新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)感染后的常见症状,影响康复期人体日常活动能力。在强度1.5 mT,频率3300 Hz的低频脉冲磁场刺激下可通过诱导和激活经典瞬时感受器电位通1(classical transient receptor potential channel 1,TRPC1),提升人体骨骼肌的最大自主收缩力与力量耐力,对肌肉组织产生一系列生理支持效应,该手段是否会改善新型冠状病毒肺炎患者康复期的肌无力症状尚无研究。目的:选用低频脉冲磁场对新型冠状病毒肺炎患者下肢肌群进行磁刺激,以观察该刺激对新型冠状病毒肺炎患者康复期下肢肌群肌无力改善的影响。方法:招募胶体金法抗原检测试剂(COVID-19)为阳性并伴有肌肉无力症状的新型冠状病毒(奥密克戎毒株)感染患者14例,将所有受试者随机分成2组,分别为接受磁场刺激的试验组和接受假治疗的对照组。试验总时长3周,试验组每隔48 h对腿部进行低频脉冲磁刺激,对照组与试验组干预流程一致但给予假刺激,两组患者均不被告知磁刺激仪器是否运行,两组患者共进行9次操作,随后观察两组患者下肢局部肌群最大自主收缩力、腿部爆发力与力量耐力的变化情况。结果与结论:①在采集的8个局部肌群中,试验组患者7个局部肌群在经过3周的低频脉冲磁场刺激,最大自主收缩力值均增长。对照组除3个肌群最大自主收缩力自行增长改善以外,其他肌群肌力无提升。②试验组的左腿前群与双腿后群提升率显著高于对照组。③两组的纵跳摸高高度与膝关节峰值角速度相比试验前测均提升,试验组摸高高度提升率高于对照组。④在疲劳状态下,试验组膝关节峰值角速度下降率显著下降,对照组膝关节峰值角速度下降率无显著性变化;试验组摸高高度下降率显著下降,而对照组摸高高度下降率无显著性变化。⑤上述数据证实,在强度1.5 mT,频率3300 Hz的低频脉冲磁场刺激方案下,新型冠状病毒肺炎患者在康复期经过3周的低频脉冲磁场刺激相比人体自愈过程可使更多的下肢局部肌群肌力获得提升,对基于腿部爆发力的全身协调发力能力及功能状态明显改善。因此,低频脉冲磁场刺激可作为一种改善新冠感染患者下肢肌肉无力症状的有效、非运动的康复手段。

邢台震区应力场特征及M_(L)3.5以上地震的发震背景分析

邢台老震区构造背景复杂,发育多组断裂,属构造较不稳定地带,且区域中小地震频发。2017年至2021年发生6次M_(L)3.5以上地震,其中有两次M L4以上地震。本文基于搜集的震源机制解资料,反演区域现今地壳应力场,模拟震源机制与地壳应力场的关系,计算地壳应力场在地震发震断层面上的相对剪应力和相对正应力,分析地震的发震背景。结果表明,6次M_(L)3.5以上地震中,有2次震源机制节面接近应力场的最大剪应力节面,有4次震源机制节面远离应力场的最大剪应力节面。说明地震不是完全按照震源机制节面上具有最大剪应力的破裂方向发生,有时可能发生在某些薄弱带上。因此,在进行地震预测时,不能只关注最大剪应力破裂方向,还应多关注其边缘的地质薄弱带,这一结果可能会为后续分析该区域的地震危险性,研究地震孕育机制及动力学过程提供一定的参考依据。

高阶高度非线性强耦合偏微分方程组数值解实现方法——以渗蚀强耦合偏微分方程组为例

为实现高阶高度非线性强耦合偏微分方程组(Partial Differential Equations,PDEs)的数值求解,本文以渗蚀强耦合PDEs为典型案例,剖析了PDEs的高阶高度非线性,结合空间映射,基于弱形式建模与分离式算法,实现了渗蚀强耦合PDEs的数值求解,并验证了求解方法的可行性与可靠性。研究表明:强耦合是导致PDEs非线性特性的充分条件;非弱形式建模难以妥善解决高阶高度非线性强耦合PDEs数值收敛性问题;分离式求解算法对于高阶高度非线性强耦合PDEs的初始条件更具包容性。

软岩浅埋连拱隧道施工围岩变形特征分析

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