An environmental friendly carbonaceous material- carboresP (one of the Carbores series materials) was investigated for the production of MgO-C refractories in laboratory scale and field tests. The MgO-C specimens we...An environmental friendly carbonaceous material- carboresP (one of the Carbores series materials) was investigated for the production of MgO-C refractories in laboratory scale and field tests. The MgO-C specimens were produced with different CarboresP contents. The bulk density (180℃ × 48h), CCS, apparent porosity (1000℃ ×3h ) and hot modulus of rupture (1400℃ ×0. 5h ) were tested and contrasted. The appropriate amount of carboresP was 1.0%. The amount of metallic additions can be partially substituted (reduced to 1.5% ). The microstructure of resin-carboresP binder is anisotropic structure with high oxidation resistance and good thermal-shock stability. The Stress/strain curve indicates that the characteristic length, (LCH) of MgO-C brick with resin/CarboresP bonding has been improved, which means the MgO-C bricks have good mechanical flexibility and stresses absorbability. Field tests were done in slag line of a 40t LF-VD refining steel ladle using Resin/CarboresP bonded " MT-14A MgO-C bricks. The result shows that the MgO-C bricks by "soft bonding" have good physical properties and excellent workability during production of the bricks . In contrast with traditional MgO-C brick used for secondary refining furnaces, the spalling tendency of the bricks could be reduced significantly. The average lining life of the resin/ CarboresP bricks has increased by 18. 4% comparing with the pure resin-bonded types.展开更多
Crack initiation and propagation have been investigated under tensile and shear loading in ceramically and carbon bonded refractories.A wedge splitting test procedure and a modified shear test have been applied.Test r...Crack initiation and propagation have been investigated under tensile and shear loading in ceramically and carbon bonded refractories.A wedge splitting test procedure and a modified shear test have been applied.Test results have been used for material characterization especially with respect to brittleness.Furthermore a microscopic fractographic test procedure was developed and applied on fractured test specimens.In order to explain brittleness dependence on structure properties correlation of fractographic and fracture mechanical results has been evaluated.Frequently brittleness reduction is achieved by a lower amount of transgranular crack propagation associated with a strength decrease while maintaining specific fracture energy unchanged.Deviations from pure linear fracture mechanics increase with decreasing brittleness and contribute to specific fracture energy.Shear specimens may show two generations of cracks,a first one initiated by tensile loads (stable propagation) and a second one by shear loads (unstable propagation).展开更多
The thermomechanical modelling method is becoming an important tool nowadays for the refractory researchers, suppliers and end-users. On one hand, applications focus on the post-mortem thermomechanical analysis to int...The thermomechanical modelling method is becoming an important tool nowadays for the refractory researchers, suppliers and end-users. On one hand, applications focus on the post-mortem thermomechanical analysis to interpret the occurred fitiluw phenomena of refractories in service. On the other hand, a priori investigation is very helpful for the design of refractory lining con- cepts before putting them into effect; as a result it will minimize the probability of refractory lining premature .failure and save costs for the refractory suppliers as well as for the end-users. For both investigation routines, suitable material constitutive models and testing approa- ches are of relevance. Existing material constitutive mod- els often used for refractories are the fictitious crack model acting for tensile failure, the Mohr - Coulomb or Drucker- Prager model describing shear failure, and the Norton - Bailey model representing creep. To charac- terize tbe tensile and shear fitilure of refractories at room temperatare and elevated temperatures, a wedge splitting test and a modified shear test can be applied, respectively. The creep behavior and corresponding creep parameters of refractories can be determined with an appropriate creep testing device at elevated loads. The proper appli- cation of material constitutive models and testing approa-ches allows for improving the thermo-mechanical modelling and the optimizatian of the lining design.展开更多
文摘An environmental friendly carbonaceous material- carboresP (one of the Carbores series materials) was investigated for the production of MgO-C refractories in laboratory scale and field tests. The MgO-C specimens were produced with different CarboresP contents. The bulk density (180℃ × 48h), CCS, apparent porosity (1000℃ ×3h ) and hot modulus of rupture (1400℃ ×0. 5h ) were tested and contrasted. The appropriate amount of carboresP was 1.0%. The amount of metallic additions can be partially substituted (reduced to 1.5% ). The microstructure of resin-carboresP binder is anisotropic structure with high oxidation resistance and good thermal-shock stability. The Stress/strain curve indicates that the characteristic length, (LCH) of MgO-C brick with resin/CarboresP bonding has been improved, which means the MgO-C bricks have good mechanical flexibility and stresses absorbability. Field tests were done in slag line of a 40t LF-VD refining steel ladle using Resin/CarboresP bonded " MT-14A MgO-C bricks. The result shows that the MgO-C bricks by "soft bonding" have good physical properties and excellent workability during production of the bricks . In contrast with traditional MgO-C brick used for secondary refining furnaces, the spalling tendency of the bricks could be reduced significantly. The average lining life of the resin/ CarboresP bricks has increased by 18. 4% comparing with the pure resin-bonded types.
文摘Crack initiation and propagation have been investigated under tensile and shear loading in ceramically and carbon bonded refractories.A wedge splitting test procedure and a modified shear test have been applied.Test results have been used for material characterization especially with respect to brittleness.Furthermore a microscopic fractographic test procedure was developed and applied on fractured test specimens.In order to explain brittleness dependence on structure properties correlation of fractographic and fracture mechanical results has been evaluated.Frequently brittleness reduction is achieved by a lower amount of transgranular crack propagation associated with a strength decrease while maintaining specific fracture energy unchanged.Deviations from pure linear fracture mechanics increase with decreasing brittleness and contribute to specific fracture energy.Shear specimens may show two generations of cracks,a first one initiated by tensile loads (stable propagation) and a second one by shear loads (unstable propagation).
基金Financial support by the Austrian Federal Government ( in particular from Bundesministerium für Verkehr,Innovation und Technologie and Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Wirtschaft ) represented by sterreichische Forschungsf 9rderungs - gesellschaft mb H
文摘The thermomechanical modelling method is becoming an important tool nowadays for the refractory researchers, suppliers and end-users. On one hand, applications focus on the post-mortem thermomechanical analysis to interpret the occurred fitiluw phenomena of refractories in service. On the other hand, a priori investigation is very helpful for the design of refractory lining con- cepts before putting them into effect; as a result it will minimize the probability of refractory lining premature .failure and save costs for the refractory suppliers as well as for the end-users. For both investigation routines, suitable material constitutive models and testing approa- ches are of relevance. Existing material constitutive mod- els often used for refractories are the fictitious crack model acting for tensile failure, the Mohr - Coulomb or Drucker- Prager model describing shear failure, and the Norton - Bailey model representing creep. To charac- terize tbe tensile and shear fitilure of refractories at room temperatare and elevated temperatures, a wedge splitting test and a modified shear test can be applied, respectively. The creep behavior and corresponding creep parameters of refractories can be determined with an appropriate creep testing device at elevated loads. The proper appli- cation of material constitutive models and testing approa-ches allows for improving the thermo-mechanical modelling and the optimizatian of the lining design.