Unsupervised Color Segmentation with Reconstructed Spatial Weighted Gaussian Mixture Model and Random Color Histogram

Image classification and unsupervised image segmentation can be achieved using the Gaussian mixture model.Although the Gaussian mixture model enhances the flexibility of image segmentation,it does not reflect spatial information and is sensitive to the segmentation parameter.In this study,we first present an efficient algorithm that incorporates spatial information into the Gaussian mixture model(GMM)without parameter estimation.The proposed model highlights the residual region with considerable information and constructs color saliency.Second,we incorporate the content-based color saliency as spatial information in the Gaussian mixture model.The segmentation is performed by clustering each pixel into an appropriate component according to the expectation maximization and maximum criteria.Finally,the random color histogram assigns a unique color to each cluster and creates an attractive color by default for segmentation.A random color histogram serves as an effective tool for data visualization and is instrumental in the creation of generative art,facilitating both analytical and aesthetic objectives.For experiments,we have used the Berkeley segmentation dataset BSDS-500 and Microsoft Research in Cambridge dataset.In the study,the proposed model showcases notable advancements in unsupervised image segmentation,with probabilistic rand index(PRI)values reaching 0.80,BDE scores as low as 12.25 and 12.02,compactness variations at 0.59 and 0.7,and variation of information(VI)reduced to 2.0 and 1.49 for the BSDS-500 and MSRC datasets,respectively,outperforming current leading-edge methods and yielding more precise segmentations.

MXenes for Bioinspired Soft Actuators:Advancements in Angle-Independent Structural Colors and Beyond

Soft actuators have garnered substantial attention in current years in view of their potential appliances in diverse domains like robotics,biomedical devices,and biomimetic systems.These actuators mimic the natural movements of living organisms,aiming to attain enhanced flexibility,adaptability,and versatility.On the other hand,angle-independent structural color has been achieved through innovative design strategies and engineering approaches.By carefully controlling the size,shape,and arrangement of nanostructures,researchers have been able to create materials exhibiting consistent colors regardless of the viewing angle.One promising class of materials that holds great potential for bioinspired soft actuators is MXenes in view of their exceptional mechanical,electrical,and optical properties.The integration of MXenes for bioinspired soft actuators with angle-independent structural color offers exciting possibilities.Overcoming material compatibility issues,improving color reproducibility,scalability,durability,power supply efficiency,and cost-effectiveness will play vital roles in advancing these technologies.This perspective appraises the development of bioinspired MXene-centered soft actuators with angleindependent structural color in soft robotics.

Metabolomic Analysis of the Anthocyanins Associated with Different Colors of Cymbidium goeringii in Guizhou, China

Cymbidium goeringii is an economically important ornamental plant,and flower color is one of the main features of C.goeringii that contributes to its high economic value.To clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of anthocyanins in mediating differences in color among varieties,liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was used to perform anthocyanin-targeted metabolomics of seven C.goeringii varieties,including‘Jin Qian Yuan’(JQY),‘Jin Xiu Qian Yuan’(JXQY),‘Miao Jiang Su Die’(MJSD),‘Qian Ming Su’(QMS),‘Shi Chan’(SC),and‘Yang Ming Su’(YMS),as well as the C.goeringii.We detected 64 anthocyanins,including cyanidins,delphinidins,malvidins,pelargonidins,peonidins,petunidins,procyanidins,and flavonoids.We identified six shared differentially accumulated metabolites(DAMs),including cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside,delphinidin-3-Osophoroside,pelargonidin-3-O-rutinoside,peonidin-3-O-(6-O-malonyl-beta-D-glucoside),peonidin-3-Osophoroside,and chalcone.Most DAMs were enriched in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed that the differentially expressed metabolites were significantly enriched in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway.Analysis of the content of differentially expressed metabolites indicated that peonidin-3-O-(6-O-malonyl-beta-D-glucoside)was the key metabolite underlying color differences among C.goeringii varieties.Procyanidin B2,pelargonidin-3-O-galactoside,and naringenin might also affect the color formation of JQY and QMS,SC,and MJSD,respectively.The results of this study shed light on the metabolic mechanism underlying flower color differences in C.goeringii at the molecular level.Our findings will aid future studies of the mechanism of flower color regulation in C.goeringii and have implications for the breeding of new varieties.

Liu Wei:Colors

Liu Wei’s art draws on a wide range of formal references,including urban planning,commodity culture,fashion,architecture,technology,and biology.As UCCA Director Philip Tinari notes,"Present throughout Liu Wei’s practice is a unique sense of how juxtapositions of objects and materials create meanings,and of how objects placed in space structure viewers’experiences."In many places inside the exhibition,

Recognizing Breast Cancer Using Edge-Weighted Texture Features of Histopathology Images

Around one in eight women will be diagnosed with breast cancer at some time.Improved patient outcomes necessitate both early detection and an accurate diagnosis.Histological images are routinely utilized in the process of diagnosing breast cancer.Methods proposed in recent research only focus on classifying breast cancer on specific magnification levels.No study has focused on using a combined dataset with multiple magnification levels to classify breast cancer.A strategy for detecting breast cancer is provided in the context of this investigation.Histopathology image texture data is used with the wavelet transform in this technique.The proposed method comprises converting histopathological images from Red Green Blue(RGB)to Chrominance of Blue and Chrominance of Red(YCBCR),utilizing a wavelet transform to extract texture information,and classifying the images with Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBOOST).Furthermore,SMOTE has been used for resampling as the dataset has imbalanced samples.The suggested method is evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation and achieves an accuracy of 99.27%on the BreakHis 1.040X dataset,98.95%on the BreakHis 1.0100X dataset,98.92%on the BreakHis 1.0200X dataset,98.78%on the BreakHis 1.0400X dataset,and 98.80%on the combined dataset.The findings of this study imply that improved breast cancer detection rates and patient outcomes can be achieved by combining wavelet transformation with textural signals to detect breast cancer in histopathology images.

Angle robust transmitted plasmonic colors with different surroundings utilizing localized surface plasmon resonance

Color filters in different surroundings inherently suffer from angular sensitivity,which hinders their practical applications.Here,we present an angle-insensitive plasmonic filter that can produce different color responses to different surrounding environments.The color filters are based on a two-dimensional periodically and randomly distributed silver nanodisk array on a silica substrate.The proposed plasmonic color filters not only produce bright colors by altering the diameter of the Ag nanodisk,but also achieve continuous color palettes by changing the surrounding environment.Due to the weak coupling between the metallic nanodisks,the plasmonic color filters can enable good incident angle-insensitive properties(up to 30°).The strategy presented here could exhibit robust and promising applicability in anti-counterfeiting and imaging technologies.

Process Mining Discovery Techniques for Software Architecture Lightweight Evaluation Framework

This research recognizes the limitation and challenges of adaptingand applying Process Mining as a powerful tool and technique in theHypothetical Software Architecture (SA) Evaluation Framework with thefeatures and factors of lightweightness. Process mining deals with the largescalecomplexity of security and performance analysis, which are the goalsof SA evaluation frameworks. As a result of these conjectures, all ProcessMining researches in the realm of SA are thoroughly reviewed, and ninechallenges for Process Mining Adaption are recognized. Process mining isembedded in the framework and to boost the quality of the SA model forfurther analysis, the framework nominates architectural discovery algorithmsFlower, Alpha, Integer Linear Programming (ILP), Heuristic, and Inductiveand compares them vs. twelve quality criteria. Finally, the framework’s testingon three case studies approves the feasibility of applying process mining toarchitectural evaluation. The extraction of the SA model is also done by thebest model discovery algorithm, which is selected by intensive benchmarkingin this research. This research presents case studies of SA in service-oriented,Pipe and Filter, and component-based styles, modeled and simulated byHierarchical Colored Petri Net techniques based on the cases’ documentation.Processminingwithin this framework dealswith the system’s log files obtainedfrom SA simulation. Applying process mining is challenging, especially for aSA evaluation framework, as it has not been done yet. The research recognizesthe problems of process mining adaption to a hypothetical lightweightSA evaluation framework and addresses these problems during the solutiondevelopment.

On the Creation Background and the Influence of Wei Zhuang’s Famous Poem:Lament of a Northwestern Woman

Lament of a Northwestern Woman(Qin Fu Yin),composed by Wei Zhuang after the Huangchao uprising,is a long poem that showcases the sufferings of the civilians and embodies the people’s character of the poem,which is the profound empathy and compassion of the poet towards the civilians’plight.The poem was written during the reign of Emperor Xizong of the Tang Dynasty in the year Gengmao(883 AD).2023 is also the year Gengmao,so this poem has existed for a remarkable 1140 years.For over a millennium,this long poem remained submerged in history until the opening of the Dunhuang Grottoes at the turn of the 20th century.The deep compassion and commiseration towards the underprivileged masses conveyed in this long poem are reminiscent of Du Fu’s renowned“Three Poems of Separation.”Moreover,it is widely believed that this poem foretells the decline of the Tang Dynasty.

Landscape and Natural Colors in Architectural Design

The method of research and design that characterized Gellner has been analyzed in depth in this research and his own steps have been retraced on some themes.The uniqueness of his method lies in the way he transformed the data and information gathered into design outcomes on both a large and small scale by reinterpreting traditional architecture and reconstructing elements of the landscape through its shapes and colors.This method applied to town planning also led other planners to use the elements he synthesized within their projects,creating a contemporary landscape for the great event of the 1956 Winter Olympics in Cortina d’Ampezzo.The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of this approach to the transformation of the territory and to emphasize the need to preserve these significant works also in view of the new Olympic event that will cross these valleys in 2026.

From Winckelmann to Restoration of the Colors:Modern Architecture from Kodachrome to B&W

The restoration of modern architecture raises open issues starting from the interpretation of its original colors.The essay investigates the different approaches emerged by restoration works that have led to erroneous restitution of the building’s image.

New Chromatic Taxonomy on Plants and Colors of the Former ENI Village by Edoardo Gellner in Corte di Cadore

This art project,by means of an empirical and experiential research,aspires to visually transfer the relationship that the colors and the architecture of the former ENI Village in Corte di Cadore,designed by Edoardo Gellner,share with the natural environment that surrounds it.The artistic research is based on and expresses the need to proceed by freely cataloging the vegetation that embraces the buildings that make up the village and experiences,in the choice of colors made by Gellner,a particular correspondence with Goethe’s“Theory of colors”.In conjunction with my artistic research and the production of the images,where the plants are removed from their natural context,an applied study which envisages the design of a flip-open table came to life.

基于深度表征学习和遗传算法的军用座舱色彩设计方法

军用座舱色彩设计作为载人军事设备工业设计中较为主观的一部分,设计的合理性至关重要。为提高军用座舱色彩设计的科学性,提出一种基于深度表征学习和遗传算法的军用座舱配色方法。利用深度表征学习模型预测军用座舱配色方案,并根据色彩感知理论建立军用座舱配色模型,将其作为生成方案的限制条件。同时,引入交互式遗传算法到智能配色系统中,通过人工引导的方式优化神经网络的参数,对预测的配色方案进行有效迭代。实验结果表明:该方法生成的配色方案符合军用座舱配色模型,结合遗传算法的模型预测准确率比单一的深度表征模型提高了16%~18%。相较于人工色彩设计方案,军用座舱智能配色方法生成的方案满意度略优、设计周期缩短了80%~88%,色彩稳定性提高了6%~12%。

The Colors of the Eiffel Tower: A Case Study

Architectures undergoing restoration often have numerous layers of color related to their history and previous interventions.Each layer takes on its own precise meaning related to a specific history and cultural context.The case of the Eiffel Tower becomes significant in illustrating past events and designing future intervention.

氯吡苯脲对贵妃杧果果实产量、品质和采后贮运特性的影响

氯吡苯脲(forchlorfenuron,CPPU)是杧果生产上使用的膨大剂,由于使用不规范,造成了品质下降、果实畸形等诸多问题。本研究选用12 a树龄的贵妃杧果树为试材,在盛花期后15 d,喷施不同质量浓度(10、20、60 mg/L)的CPPU,花后15、25、35d各喷1次,共喷3次,生理成熟期后采摘,研究CPPU对贵妃杧果果实产量、品质和采后贮运特性的影响。结果表明:幼果期经10~20 mg/L CPPU处理后能够增加杧果的果形指数、促进果实膨大和产量增加,当CPPU浓度增加至60 mg/L时,果实膨大明显,但会导致产量下降。CPPU处理后,果实采摘时(生理成熟期)果实的叶绿素、类红萝卜素含量明显升高,花色苷明显降低,果皮红度值(a^(*))偏小,其颜色偏绿;完熟期杧果的叶绿素、类红萝卜素含量高,花色苷含量低,高浓度CPPU处理果实果面红色偏少,黄色偏多,果皮a^(*)值偏小,部分果实偏绿色;完熟期的可溶性固形物含量降低,总酸增加,固酸比下降,口感甜度下降,低浓度影响较小,高浓度CPPU处理对内在影响较大。CPPU处理可降低杧果采后病害的发生,果实采后保持较高的硬度,明显延缓杧果储藏期果实软化,明显延长了杧果的贮藏时间,提高了其采后贮运特性。综合以上结论,幼果期喷施CPPU的适宜浓度为10~20 mg/L,盛花期后15~50d果实细胞旺盛分裂期效果最佳,可显著增加单果重和产量,对果实品质和果实转色影响不显著,并能延长贮藏时间,更利于采后贮运保鲜。

The Main Colors of the Forbidden City

The main colors of the Forbidden City are Red and Yellow,which can represent rich cultural deposits.According to the Chinese traditional culture,the Red of the Forbidden City has always been regarded as a positive color of celebration,conveying dignity and happiness.The Yellow color is usually considered as a promising color,and represents a bumper harvest.Based on the principle of the Five Elements,Fire is red,which means breeding and encouragement,and shows prosperity and a solid foundation for the country.Yellow represents Winged Dragon,belonging to the Center of the Earth,and symbolizes the divine right of emperors.Therefore,the color of the Forbidden City(see Figure 1)is of great significance to the development of history and the revival of culture.We still need to work determinedly for the protection of the cultural heritages,so that more people can have the opportunity to understand the brilliance of Chinese civilization.

正德、利用、厚生:“春秋三事”的现代阐释与中国人文经济学构建

中国人文经济学的产生,是马克思主义与中国具体实际和中华优秀传统文化相结合的结果。中国人文经济学的构建和发展,一方面要采用现代科学方法,另一方面要发扬中国人文传统。中国经济学的科学方法来源于马克思主义和现代科学的基本理念,而中国人文传统是中国人民通过观乎天文,观乎人文,彰往察来,显微阐幽,经数千年而形成的历史文脉。“春秋三事”是中国古代圣贤总结历史经验提出的基本政治经济理念,具体来说就是要合理利用天地之间各种资源,并在此基础上做好三件事,即正德、利用、厚生,并将“三事”统合协调,执中惟和,从而实现人民安乐,万世永赖。所以,正德、利用、厚生成为中国历代国家和社会治理的基本原则。本文认为,“春秋三事”经马克思主义的现代阐释,并与现代市场经济理论结合,可以作为中国人文经济学构建的基础框架。

基于纽介堡方程的色纺织物颜色预测

色纺织物由多种色纤维混合织造,其颜色预测过程复杂,基于格拉斯曼色光混合理论和印刷网点的纽介堡方程,建立了便于计算的颜色预测模型。预测过程分2种情况讨论,一种是取决于表面一层色纤维,另一种是取决于最上面2层纤维相互作用。当考虑最上面2层纤维相互叠加时,相互堆叠简化为与同色堆叠或与两色堆叠。根据不同方式各自建立颜色预测模型,选出预测色差最小的模型并对其优化。结果表明:当以色纺织物最上面2层纤维堆叠组成的色元对混色织物颜色预测时,2层纤维组分不同,认为堆叠顺序对该色元颜色值无影响建立的模型预测色差最小,且对该模型中各色元占比面积系数进行一阶线性回归修正后能较好地用于色纺织物表面颜色值的预测。

大豆巢式关联作图(NAM)群体构建及花色和种皮色遗传分析

巢式关联作图(Nested Association Mapping,NAM)群体在作物学遗传与育种研究中具有广泛的应用。本研究在前期大豆种质资源评价基础上,利用35份不同地区来源的代表性种质与中豆41(公共母本)杂交,构建了一套大豆NAM群体。PCA和聚类分析发现,不同亲本组合的RIL群体基本聚在一起,显示出清晰的遗传结构。利用该NAM群体亲本间花色和种皮色具有显著差异的RIL群体进行全基因组关联分析,定位到1个主要位点qFC13-1与花色显著关联,该位点与W1位点重合;定位到12个位点与种皮色显著相关,其中9个位点为3种以上方法共定位,3个位点为2种方法共定位,包括4个已知位点和8个新位点。研究结果表明,构建的NAM群体适于进行大豆相关性状遗传分析,为大豆复杂性状的遗传解析和育种实践提供了良好的基础材料。

彩色多普勒超声血流评分对附件扭转患者卵巢活性的预测价值

目的研究卵巢彩色多普勒血流成像(CDFI)评分预测附件扭转患者卵巢活性的价值。方法选取经手术证实的32例附件扭转患者,根据卵巢血流信号进行评分,将其与术中卵巢活性进行对比分析。结果卵巢CDFI评分推测卵巢存活的灵敏度为90%,特异度为81.82%,阳性预测值为69.23%,阴性预测值为94.74%,卵巢CDFI血流存在与手术中卵巢存活的一致性较好,Kappa值为0.664。结论CDFI能够对附件扭转者卵巢活性进行预估,卵巢血流评分可为临床提供较为可靠、有效的影像学依据。

袅袅烟影与璀璨霞光——论魏微《烟霞里》叙事艺术

魏微始终关注个体的成长轨迹,将个人的成长史融入到小说叙事里。在《烟霞里》中,通过叙述主人公田庄城乡身份的转变、精神世界的成长以及价值观的形成等一系列过程,魏微将叙事对象瞄准宏大时代和平凡的人,真正地达成了个体与时代相互辉映以及彼此成全。魏微运用温暖而绵密的语言,展开对日常生活的书写,从不同人物的多重视角叙事,透过个体的价值选择,折射出日常生活背后生命个体对大时代的体验。