Prediction Method Study on the Remaining Useful Life of Plant New Varieties Rights Based on Weibull Survival Function and Gaussian Model——Taking Hybrid Rice Variety for Example

In view of the difficulty in determining remaining useful life of plant new variety right in economic analysis, Weibull Survival Analysis Method and Gaussian Model to were used to study how to accurately estimate the remaining useful life of plant new variety right. The results showed that the average life of the granted rice varieties was 10.013 years. With the increase of the age of plant variety rights, the probability of the same residual life Ttreaching x was smaller and smaller, the reliability lower and lower, while the probability of the variety rights becoming invalid became greater. The remaining useful life of a specific granted rice variety was closely related to the demonstration promotion age when the granted rice variety reached its maximum area and the appearance of alternative varieties, and when the demonstration promotion age of the granted rice variety reaching the one with the maximum area, the promotion area would be decreased once a new alternative variety appeared, correspondingly with the shortening of the remaining useful life of the variety. Therefore, Weibull Survival Analysis Method and Gaussian Model could describe the remaining useful life＇s time trend, as well as determine the remaining useful life of a concrete plant variety right, clarify the entire life time of varieties rights, and make the economic analysis of plant new varieties rights more accurate and reasonable.

基于Weibull分布的石砌体单轴受压损伤本构模型

石砌体的本构模型是石砌体力学计算和有限元数值模拟的重要基础和前提条件。为了深入研究石砌体单轴受压下的本构关系,基于损伤力学理论,应用双参数Weibull分布函数反映损伤变量,根据石砌体单轴受压应力-应变全过程曲线的特征条件确定其参数,推导并建立了石砌体单轴受压损伤本构模型,将已有试验数据验证本构模型的正确性,并将本构模型与典型的砌体本构模型进行对比分析,最后应用本构模型对已有石砌体拱桥试验进行有限元分析以验证本构模型的适用性。结果表明:所建模型与已有石砌体单轴受压试验结果吻合良好;所建模型验证了石砌体损伤演化的一般规律,符合典型的砌体本构模型的一般趋势;所建模型可应用于石砌体结构有限元分析计算,适用性良好。

Hidden Relaxation Channels in Aqueous Methylene Blue after Functionalization of Graphene Oxide Probed by Transient Absorption Spectroscopy

The mixture of graphene oxide （GO） and dye molecules may provide some new applications due to unique electronic, optical, and structural properties. Methylene blue （MB）, a typ- ical anionic dye, can attach on GO via π-π stacking and electrostatic interaction, and the molecule removal process on GO has been observed. However, it remains unclear about the ultrafast carrier dynamics and the internal energy transfer pathways of the system which is composed of GO and MB. We have employed ultrafast optical pump-probe spectroscopy to investigate the excited dynamics of the GO-MB system dispersed in water by exciting the samples at 400 nm pump pulse. The pristine MB and GO dynamics are also analyzed in tandem for a direct comparison. Utilizing the global analysis to fit the measured signal via a sequential model, five lifetimes are acquired：（0.61±0.01） ps, （3.52±0.04） ps, （14.1±0.3） ps, （84±2） ps, and （3.66±0.08） ns. The ultrafast dynamics corresponding to these lifetimes was analyzed and the new relaxation processes were found in the GO-MB system, compared with the pristine MB. The results reveal that the functionalization of GO can alter the known decay pathways of MB via the energy transfer from GO to MB in system, the increased intermediate state, and the promoted energy transfer from triplet state MB to ground state oxygen molecules dissolved in aqueous sample.

Hazard Rate Function Estimation Using Weibull Kernel

In this paper, we define the Weibull kernel and use it to nonparametric estimation of the probability density function (pdf) and the hazard rate function for independent and identically distributed (iid) data. The bias, variance and the optimal bandwidth of the proposed estimator are investigated. Moreover, the asymptotic normality of the proposed estimator is investigated. The performance of the proposed estimator is tested using simulation study and real data.

Investigations into Some Simple Expressions of the Gamma Function in Wind Power Theoretical Estimate by the Weibull Distribution

The Weibull distribution is a probability density function (PDF) which is widely used in the study of meteorological data. The statistical analysis of the wind speed v by using the Weibull distribution leads to the estimate of the mean wind speed , the variance of v around and the mean power density in the wind. The gamma function Γ is involved in those calculations, particularly Γ (1+1/k), Γ (1+2/k) and Γ (1+3/k). The paper reports the use of the Weibull PDF f(v) to estimate the gamma function. The study was performed by looking for the wind speeds related to the maximum values of f(v), v2 f(v) and v3 f(v). As a result, some approximate relationships were obtained for Γ (1+1/k), Γ (1+2/k) and Γ (1+3/k), that use some fitting polynomial functions. Very good agreements were found between the exact and the estimated values of Γ (1+n/k) that can be used for the estimation of the mean wind speed , the variance σ2 of the wind speed v;around the mean speed and the average wind power density.

结合改进Weibull时间函数的开采沉陷动态预测模型

煤炭开采引起的地表沉陷是一个多维动态变化过程,动态预测可以获取采空区上方任意位置、时刻的形变大小,对保护地面基础设施和人民生命安全具有重要意义。为实现地表沉陷的动态预测,针对Weibull时间函数模型结构复杂、参数较多等不足,基于开采沉陷相关理论,建立了仅含一个模型参数,且可以准确描述地表点下沉量、下沉速度、下沉加速度的改进Weibull时间函数模型。在此基础上,结合已有的地表沉陷盆地模型,建立了一种新的开采沉陷动态预测模型,详细阐述了模型参数的确定方法及其对沉陷盆地形态的影响,并结合某矿313工作面和3214工作面实测数据验证了模型的预测精度和适用性。结果表明:改进的Weibull时间函数模型最大均方根误差为52 mm,最大相对误差为2.1%,较改进前分别提高了60.3%和64.4%;开采沉陷动态预测模型预测的下沉曲线形态和实测下沉曲线形态一致,最大均方根误差为17 mm,最大相对误差为1.76%,表明该模型可以预测地表沉陷过程,具有较好的适用性和可靠性。该研究结果可为矿区地表沉陷动态预测提供参考。

Appropriate search techniques to estimate Weibull function parameters in a Pinus spp.plantation

The Weibull function,a continuous probability distribution,is widely used for diameter distribution modelling,in which parameter estimation performance is affected by stand attributes and fitting methods.The Weibull cumulative distribution function is nonlinear,and classical fitting methods may provide a not optimal solution.Invoking the use of artificial intelligence by metaheuristics is reasonable for this optimisation task.Therefore,aimed and compared(1)the metaheuristics genetic algorithm and simulated annealing performance over the moment and percentile methods;(2)the hybrid strategy merging the metaheuristics tested and the percentile method and,(3)the metaheuristics fitness functions under basal area and density errors.A long-term experiment in a Pinus taeda stand subjected to crown thinning was used.According to our findings,all methods have a similar performance,independent of the thinning regimes and age.The pattern of the estimated parameters tends to be acceptable,as b increases over time and c increases after thinning.Overall,our findings suggest that methods based on metaheuristics have a higher precision than classical methods for estimating Weibull parameters.According to the classification test,the methods that involved simulated annealing stood out.The hybrid method involving this metaheuristic also stood out,with accurate estimates.Classical methods showed the poorest performance,and we therefore suggest the use of simulated annealing due to its faster processing time and high-quality solution.

开采沉陷动态预测时间函数参数变化规律研究——以Weibull为例

针对开采沉陷动态预测模型中时间函数参数主要以最大下沉点的下沉时间序列为基础反演获取,在工作面上方空间位置变化规律研究不足的问题;依据工作面推进过程中覆岩受力、垮落情况,在平面方向上将采空区分为竖向整体受压区、中间区、动态完全区3个区间;以Weibull时间函数为例,分析了动态预测m、k 2个参数的含义、空间分布规律及特点,并构建2个参数的分区数学模型及选取准则;分别以实测最终值、概率积分法预测值为基准,通过实例验证了其正确性,丰富了开采沉陷动态预测参数研究。

First-Principles Study of Blue Phosphorene and Graphene Intralayer Heterostructure as Anode Materials for Rechargeable Li-lon Batteries

There is an ideal desire to develop the high-performance anodes materials for Liion batteries(LIBs),which requires not onlyhigh stability and reversibility,but also rapidcharging/discharging rate.In this work,webuiltablue phosphorene-graphene(BlueP-G)intralayer heterostructure by connecting BlueP and graphene monolayers at zigzag edges with covalent bonds.Based on the density functional theory simulation,the electronic structure of the heterostructure,Li adsorption and Li diffusion on heterostructure were systematically investigated.Compared with the pristine BlueP,the existence of graphene layer increases the overall conductivity of BlueP-G intralayer heterostructure.The significantly enhanced adsorption energy indicates the Li deposition on anode surface is energetically favored.The fast diffusion of Li with energy barrier as low as 0.02-0.09 eV indicates the growth of Li dendrite could be suppressed and the stability and reversibility of the battery will be increased.With a combination of increased conductivity of electronic charge,excellent Li adsorption and Li mobility on surface,BlueP-G intralayer heterostructure with zigzag interface is quite promising in the application of anode material for Li-ion batteries.

Experimental and computational optimization of Prussian blue analogues as high-performance cathodes for sodium-ion batteries:A review

In this review,we discuss the electrochemical properties of Prussian blue(PB)for Na^(+)storage by combining structural engineering and electrolyte modifications.We integrated experimental data and density functional theory(DFT)in sodium-ion battery(SIB)research to refine the atomic arrangements and crystal lattices and introduce substitutions and dopants.These changes affect the lattice stability,intercalation,electronic and ionic conductivities,and electrochemical performance.We unraveled the intricate structure-electrochemical behavior relationship by combining experimental data with computational models,including first-principles calculations.This holistic approach identified techniques for optimizing PB and Prussian blue analog(PBA)structu ral properties for SIBs.We also discuss the tuning of electrolytes by systematically adjusting their composition,concentration,and additives using a combination of molecular dynamics(MD)simulations and DFT computations.Our review offers a comprehensive assessment of strategies for enhancing the electrochemical properties of PB and PBAs through structural engineering and electrolyte modifications,combining experimental insights with advanced computational simulations,and paving the way for next-generation energy storage systems.

基于Weibull时间函数的采煤沉陷区地表动态沉陷预测模型

煤矿地表开采沉陷是一个复杂的时空过程,是矿山开采沉陷重点解决的问题。本文将时间参数引入到地表移动变形的动态预计中,分析了Weibull模型及其描述地表动态沉陷规律的适用性,并进行了参数分析,建立了地表动态沉陷预测模型。进行了实例分析。研究结果表明,参数n和k是该函数模型的重要参数,对描述地表动态移动变形量较为敏感;通过运用本文提出的地表动态移动变形预计模型,计算得到的地表下沉值相对误差均在7.0%以内,预计结果与实测结果较为吻合,预测模型可靠,预测结果可为相关减损措施的制定提供参考。

基于Weibull函数不同干燥方式下的茯苓干燥特性

为缩短干燥时间，克服茯苓块干燥后表面龟裂、易于破碎的缺陷，改善干燥品质；将自然晾晒、普通热风干燥、气体射流冲击干燥、真空脉动干燥4种技术应用于茯苓块的干燥，研究了茯苓的干燥特性；利用Weibull函数对其干燥曲线进行拟合并分析干燥过程，结合尺度参数、形状参数计算茯苓块的水分有效扩散系数、干燥活化能，并与Fick第二定律进行比较；测定了不同干燥条件下的破碎率、浸出物质量分数；并基于能耗、尺度参数、破碎率、浸出物质量分数对3种人工干燥方式进行了综合评价。结果表明：1）茯苓块在4种干燥方式下均表现为降速干燥，但普通热风干燥、真空脉动干燥前期存在升速段；2）Weibull 函数能够准确拟合不同干燥方式下的干燥曲线；尺度参数随着温度、风速的增加而减小；形状参数与干燥方式有关，普通热风、真空干燥的形状参数值均大于1，气体射流干燥的形状参数值均小于1；3）基于Weibull函数计算水分有效扩散系数、干燥活化能，可克服Fick第二定律只适用于降速干燥的缺陷；估算的水分扩散系数范围为3.90^10-9～20.40^10-9m2/s；干燥活化能为29.45～40.09 kJ/mol，且不同干燥方式间的活化能存在差异；4）不同干燥方式下茯苓块破碎率存在显著性差异（p〈0.05）；真空脉动与自然晾晒的破碎率均低于5.00%；试验参数范围内，气体射流的温度、风速与破碎率无相关关系，破碎率均值为62.68%；普通热风干燥方式下，破碎率随温度的升高而增大；5）真空脉动干燥方式下浸出物质量分数最高，为4.54%～4.75%；综合评价结果表明茯苓块的干燥宜采用真空脉动干燥技术。该研究探索了不同干燥技术下茯苓块的干燥特性和品质，为选择合适的干燥工艺提供了理论依据。

浙江省毛竹直径与年龄的二元Weibull分布模型

利用2004年复查的浙江省森林资源连续清查体系4250个固定样地中的245个毛竹纯林样地数据,用具有严格概率模型性质的二元Weibull分布模型描述浙江省毛竹直径与年龄的二维结构,并讨论二元Weibull分布模型的生成函数,给出几个不同形式的表达式,指出模型良好的概率模型性质。一元Weibull分布模型的直径、年龄模型分别是二元模型的边际分布,而且用边际分布求得的参数与用联合分布求得的参数也很接近。本研究是省级地域的毛竹宏观模型,该模型也可尝试应用到林分水平,以及其他类型森林。

基于Weibull分布函数的马铃薯丁薄层热风干燥特性

为了实现马铃薯的规模化热风干燥,提高脱水制品的品质、降低生产能耗和成本,该文以薄层干燥试验为基础,研究了鲜切马铃薯丁在不同热风温度（40、50、60、70、80、90℃）、风速（0.5、1.0、1.5、2.5、3.5 m/s）和切丁长度（2.5、5、10、15 mm）条件下的干燥曲线、水分有效扩散系数和干燥活化能。利用Weibull分布函数拟合了干燥曲线,并建立了风温、风速和切丁长度与模型参数的定量关系。研究表明：鲜切马铃薯丁的热风干燥过程服从Weibull分布函数（R2=0.991～0.999）,是典型的降速干燥过程,模型的尺度参数与热风温度、风速和切丁长度有关;模型的形状参数与风速和切丁长度有关,而温度对其影响不显著（P〉0.05）;水分有效平均扩散系数在1.859～12.509×10-9 m2/s之间,与热风温度和风速显著相关（P〈0.05）,而物料切丁长度对其影响不显著（P〉0.05）;几何尺寸值与干燥物料的切丁长度和风速有关;马铃薯丁热风干燥的活化能为19.107 k J/mol。该研究可为马铃薯热风干燥提供理论和技术基础。

基于Weibull函数和Gamma函数的环境污染与经济增长的关系

环境库兹涅茨曲线是研究环境污染与经济增长之间关系的有效工具。传统的环境库兹涅茨曲线研究大多采用线性模型或对数线性模型，其在采用模型描述关系的问题上存在一定的不足。为克服这些不足，本文采用Weibull函数和Gamma函数形式的面板数据模型对中国29个省区1989～2005年四种环境污染指标人均排放量与人均收入之间的关系予以研究。结果表明Weibull函数和Gamma函数的面板数据模型拟合效果较好，且参数具有较好的解释能力；人均废水和人均SO2都随人均收入增加先上升后减少，在25000元附近出现结构转变点，而人均固体废弃物和人均废气随人均收入增加则呈现单调增加的变化趋势，潍有出现结构转变点。

风速的Weibull分布参数

利用两参数的Weibull分布模型分析内蒙古草原6层高度接近1a的风速序列资料,利用最大似然法估计出不同时间段、不同高度Weibull分布的尺度参数c和形状参数k。结果表明,c、k存在明显的季节变化,在夏季时c、k较小,冬季时c、k较大。c随高度增加呈幂指数的形式增加;k随高度呈二次函数的形式而变化,在约50m的高度取得最大值。

Weibull分布函数在林分直径结构预测模型中的应用研究

利用weibull分布函数3个参数a,b,c的预测模型以及立地、林龄与径阶的相关模型和立地、林龄、径阶与径阶高的相关模型,给出了日本落叶松林分结构合理分布的理论参数和不同立地、各龄阶径阶分布的理论株数,为合理经营利用日本落叶松林分提供了科学的理论依据.

Weibull分布下Bayes可靠性评估的工程方法

本文提出了一种关于Ｗｅｉｂｕｌ分布的Ｂａｙｅｓ可靠性分析的工程方法。基于工程实践中关于可靠性的验前信息或失效率的验前信息，给出了可靠性参数，如可靠性、可靠寿命等的验后分布。并通过选择适当的损失函数，得到了可靠性参数的Ｂａｙｅｓ估计。文中的实例说明了该方法的步骤。

Weibull分布可靠度下限的中转插值方法

对基于以BLIE(最好线性不变估计)及BLUE(最好线性无偏估计)为基础的Weibull分布的可靠度下限的数表,习惯上常用线性插值方法,但是这种插值方法精度很差,满足不了工程实践的需要。本文针对这种情况,为基于BLIE及BLUE的Weibull分布可靠性下限的两种数表,分别设计了一种中转插值方法,它既方便易行,又可将插值精度提高一个数量级以上,适用于在工程上推广使用。最后,并用数值例说明了这些方法。

侧柏(Platycladus orientalis)人工林树冠率的Weibull分布及动态预测

应用Weibull函数拟合侧柏(Platycladus orientalis)人工林树冠率的分布。研究表明:林分平均树冠率与相对林分密度指数之间呈极显著线性关系,并随林分相对密度指数增加而降低;Weibull函数参数b与侧柏人工林林分平均树冠率呈极显著线性关系,参数c与侧柏林分平均树冠率呈二次方关系,通过对未参加建模的侧柏样地进行动态预测发现,Weibull函数对林分树冠率分布预测值与实测值之间无显著性差异,该方法可准确预测侧柏人工林树冠率的动态分布。