A New Correction Method of Electronic-weighing System for Blast Furnace

In the injection of pulverized coal into a blast furnace, there are some factors which affect the readout of electronic weighing system. Through analyzing the measuring errors, it is found that the main reasons are pressure fluctuations of storage tank and puffing tank. According to the interaction of pressures, a neural network based method combined with fuzzy logic is adopted to enhance the precision. Experimental results show this method is satisfactory.

Adjustment of precipitation measurements using Total Rain weighing Sensor(TRwS)gauges in the cryospheric hydrometeorology observation(CHOICE)system of the Qilian Mountains,Northwest China

Precipitation is one of the most important indicators of climate data,but there are many errors in precipitation measurements due to the influence of climatic conditions,especially those of solid precipitation in alpine mountains and at high latitude areas.The measured amount of precipitation in those areas is frequently less than the actual amount of precipitation.To understand the impact of climatic conditions on precipitation measurements in the mountainous areas of Northwest China and the applicability of different gauges in alpine mountains,we established a cryospheric hydrometeorology observation(CHOICE)system in 2008 in the Qilian Mountains,which consists of six automated observation stations located between 2960 and 4800 m a.s.l.Total Rain weighing Sensor(TRwS)gauges tested in the World Meteorological Organization-Solid Precipitation Intercomparison Experiment(WMO-SPICE)were used at observation stations with the CHOICE system.To study the influence of climatic conditions on different types of precipitation measured by the TRwS gauges,we conducted an intercomparison experiment of precipitation at Hulu-1 station that was one of the stations in the CHOICE system.Moreover,we tested the application of transfer functions recommended by the WMO-SPICE at this station using the measurement data from a TRwS gauge from August 2016 to December 2020 and computed new coefficients for the same transfer functions that were more appropriate for the dataset from Hulu-1 station.The new coefficients were used to correct the precipitation measurements of other stations in the CHOICE system.Results showed that the new parameters fitted to the local dataset had better correction results than the original parameters.The environmental conditions of Hulu-1 station were very different from those of observation stations that provided datasets to create the transfer functions.Thus,root-mean-square error(RMSE)of solid and mixed precipitation corrected by the original parameters increased significantly by the averages of 0.135(353%)and 0.072 mm(111%),respectively.RMSE values of liquid,solid and mixed precipitation measurements corrected by the new parameters decreased by 6%,20% and 13%,respectively.In addition,the new parameters were suitable for correcting precipitation at other five stations in the CHOICE system.The relative precipitation(RP)increment of different types of precipitation increased with rising altitude.The average RP increment value of snowfall at six stations was the highest,reaching 7%,while that of rainfall was the lowest,covering 3%.Our results confirmed that the new parameters could be used to correct precipitation measurements of the CHOICE system.

Changes of coastline and tidal flat and its implication for ecological protection under human activities: Take China’s Bohai Bay as an example

The change processes and trends of shoreline and tidal flat forced by human activities are essential issues for the sustainability of coastal area,which is also of great significance for understanding coastal ecological environment changes and even global changes.Based on field measurements,combined with Linear Regression(LR)model and Inverse Distance Weighing(IDW)method,this paper presents detailed analysis on the change history and trend of the shoreline and tidal flat in Bohai Bay.The shoreline faces a high erosion chance under the action of natural factors,while the tidal flat faces a different erosion and deposition patterns in Bohai Bay due to the impact of human activities.The implication of change rule for ecological protection and recovery is also discussed.Measures should be taken to protect the coastal ecological environment.The models used in this paper show a high correlation coefficient between observed and modeling data,which means that this method can be used to predict the changing trend of shoreline and tidal flat.The research results of present study can provide scientific supports for future coastal protection and management.

Upgrade and Renovation of Steel Billet Scalein front of High-speed Wire Furnace

This article briefly introduces the weighing device for steel billets in front of the heating furnace of the high-speed wire rod unit,and analyzes and summarizes the problems existing in the original weighing device for steel billets in production and use.Based on on-site installation conditions,design a new weighing method,match a large range weighing sensor,upgrade the automation control of the weighing device,and remotely transmit the billet weighing data to the MES system of the group.The automatic,stable,reliable,and accurate measurement of steel billet raw materials has been achieved,providing important guarantees for the accurate measurement of production line billet and product yield.

Research on data load balancing technology of massive storage systems for wearable devices

Because of the limited memory of the increasing amount of information in current wearable devices,the processing capacity of the servers in the storage system can not keep up with the speed of information growth,resulting in low load balancing,long load balancing time and data processing delay.Therefore,a data load balancing technology is applied to the massive storage systems of wearable devices in this paper.We first analyze the object-oriented load balancing method,and formally describe the dynamic load balancing issues,taking the load balancing as a mapping problem.Then,the task of assigning each data node and the request of the corresponding data node’s actual processing capacity are completed.Different data is allocated to the corresponding data storage node to complete the calculation of the comprehensive weight of the data storage node.According to the load information of each data storage node collected by the scheduler in the storage system,the load weight of the current data storage node is calculated and distributed.The data load balancing of the massive storage system for wearable devices is realized.The experimental results show that the average time of load balancing using this method is 1.75h,which is much lower than the traditional methods.The results show the data load balancing technology of the massive storage system of wearable devices has the advantages of short data load balancing time,high load balancing,strong data processing capability,short processing time and obvious application.

A Comparison of Weighing Methods Prior to Fusion Preparing Iron Samples for XRF Analysis

Sample preparation by fusion for XRF analysis is all about knowing the exact weights of the sample and the flux (sample-to-flux ratio). The whole analytical chain, including the weighing step in sample preparation prior to fusion, is of crucial importance to get precise and accurate x-ray fluorescence (XRF) results. Consequently, the weighing method will affect the quality of the analytical results given by the spectrometer. In this study, the effects of different weighing methods on the precision (RSD) of the obtained XRF results are compared to determine the best weighing method for sample preparation by fusion in terms of comparable precisions in the XRF results.

Some Construction Methods of A-Optimum Chemical Balance Weighing Designs

Some new construction methods of the optimum chemical balance weighing designs and pairwise efficiency and variance balanced designs are proposed, which are based on the incidence matrices of the known symmetric balanced incomplete block designs. Also the conditions under which the constructed chemical balance weighing designs become A-optimal are also been given.

Some Construction Methods of Optimum Chemical Balance Weighing Designs III

Methods of constructing the optimum chemical balance weighing designs from symmetric balanced incomplete block designs are proposed with illustration. As a by-product pairwise efficiency and variance balanced designs are also obtained.

Effect of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia for caesarean section on maternal and neonatal rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

Objective To assess the effect of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSEA) for caesarean section on maternal and neonatal rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Methods Sixty ASA I primiparae aged 22-29 yr, weighing 46 - 83 kg, scheduled for elective caesarean section were randomized into epidural anesthesia group (EA, n = 30) and combined spinal-epidural anesthesia group ( CSEA, n = 30). All patients were premedicated with intramuscular atropine 0. 5 mg and phenolbarbital 100 mg. In CSEA group a 26 G/16 GChina Medical Abstracts (Surgery) single use spinal/epidural needle (B- D) was used. Spinal and/or epidural anesthesia was performed at L2-3 interspace and a catheter was threaded into the epidural space cephalad for 3 - 5 cm in both groups. In EA group a loading dose of 12 - 16 ml 2 % lidocaine was given and an additional 6-8 ml 2% lidocaine was injected when anesthesia became indadequate during the operation. In CSEA group 2.0-2.5 ml hyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine (10 - 12.5 mg) was given

Determination of groundwater potential distribution in Kulfo-Hare watershed through integration of GIS, remote sensing, and AHP in Southern Ethiopia

Identification of groundwater potential areas(GPA)is important in regions facing surface water scarcity,as it assists in effective planning and utilization of groundwater for various purposes.This study employs the methods of remote sensing(RS),geographic information system(GIS)model,and analytical hierarchy process(AHP),multi-criteria decision analysis(MCDA)to locate and map the prospective groundwater areas in the Kulfo-Hare watershed.Seven significant groundwater influencing factors were selected for the determination of groundwater potential in the area:Geology,land use/land cover(LULC),soil,rainfall,slope,drainage density,and lineament density.By applying a five-class classification scheme(very low,low,moderate,high,and very high),the GIS models were used to define the distribution of groundwater potential areas in terms of area coverage(km^(2)),percentage and mapping.The results show that the groundwater potential(GWP)distribution in the research region is as follows:9.7%(6035.9 ha)classified as very high GWP,29.6%(18606 ha)classified as high,24.5%(15245 ha)classified as moderate,18.1%(11431 ha)as low and 18.1%(11492 ha)very low GWP,on the basis of the weighted overlay evaluation.Although a few regions are identifies as extremely low GWP,most of the study area is characterized by very high to moderate GWP.These findings provide valuable insight for sustainable groundwater planning by the government bodies,decision-makers,and private sectors.

超高温超高密度有机盐钻井液技术研究

为解决费尔干纳盆地深部井段抗高温高密度钻井液技术难题，开发出了抗温220℃、密度2．60～3．00g／cm^3的有机盐钻井液技术，并进行了抗温、抗污染、抑制、储层保护、腐蚀性和环保能力等综合性能评价。实验表明：在密度达3．00g／cm^3时，固相含量低于50％，滤饼摩阻系数小于0．20，具有良好的流动性和润滑防卡能力，较好地解决了加重材料的沉降和过饱和盐水的结晶问题。根据已钻井的经验，总结出了现场超高温超高密度有机盐钻井液的维护处理事项，为钻探作业的顺利开展提供了技术支撑。

无固相试井工作液室内研究

根据有机盐水溶性加重剂Weigh2在复杂地层钻井、完井作业中的特点,通过优选黄原胶XC作为流型调节剂、改性抗温淀粉DFD-140和油溶性树脂暂堵剂实验,研制出三套有机盐Weigh2无固相试井工作液。该工作液性能稳定、密度可调、具有较好的固相携带能力,便于充分洗井;其流变性、API和HTHP滤失量均能满足试井施工作业要求。

有机盐weigh3钻井液抗高温稳定性研究

有机盐weigh3是碱金属多元有机酸盐、有机酸铵、有机酸季铵的复合盐,该有机盐能有效提高钻井液处理剂的抗高温能力。钻井液处理剂在有机盐weigh3溶液中的热降解温度,随其浓度的增加而显著增高。实验结果表明:低粘聚阴离子纤维素(PAC-LV)在密度为1.40 g/cm3的有机盐中抗温能力可达到190℃,比清水中提高近50℃;XC在密度为1.40 g/cm3的有机盐溶液中抗温能力可达到180℃,同样比清水中提高近50℃。

S13Cr110马氏体不锈钢油管在高温高压Weigh4完井液中的应力腐蚀开裂性能

采用C环试验,研究了S13Cr110马氏体不锈钢油管在高温高压Weigh4完井液中的应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)性能。结果表明:S13Cr110油管在高pH的Weigh4完井液中存在一定的SCC风险,少量泥浆的存在会增强S13Cr110油管的应力腐蚀敏感性。在含O2且混有少量泥浆的Weigh4完井液中,S13CR110油管会发生应力腐蚀开裂。

有机酸盐水溶液流变特性研究

有机盐水溶液可用于钻完井作业的工作液,但因流变性特别是高温流变性研究存在一些争议影响其推广应用。利用RS-150高温流变仪,分别测定了Weigh2水溶液密度为1.25、1.26、1.29、1.30和1.32 g/cm^3,温度在25、65、80、95、110、125℃下的500多个数据。研究认为Weigh2水溶液为塑性流体,得到宾汉模式本构方程,相关系数较高,相对误差较小,适应性较好;实验证实了Weigh2水溶液静切力的存在,为现场良好的悬浮能力提供了证据;发现任何密度溶液超过90℃时,塑性黏度趋于7 mPa·s,存在"塑性黏度高温趋同"现象。

A proposed surface resistance model for the Penman-Monteith formula to estimate evapotranspiration in a solar greenhouse

Greenhousing is a technique to bridge season gap in vegetable production and has been widely used worldwide. Calculation of water requirement of crops grown in greenhouse and determination of their irrigation schedules in arid and semi-arid regions are essential for greenhouse maintenance and have thus attracted increased attention over the past decades. The most common method used in the literature to estimate crop evapotranspiration（ET） is the Penman-Monteith（PM） formula. When applied to greenhouse, however, it often uses canopy resistance instead of surface resistance. It is understood that the surface resistance in greenhouse is the result of a combined effect of canopy restriction and soil-surface restriction to water vapor flow, and the relative dominance of one restriction over another depends on crop canopy. In this paper, we developed a surface resistance model in a way similar to two parallel resistances in an electrical circuit to account for both restrictions. Also, considering that wind speed in greenhouse is normally rather small, we compared three methods available in the literature to calculate the aerodynamic resistance, which are the r_a^1 method proposed by Perrier（1975a, b）, the r_a^2 method proposed by Thom and Oliver（1977）, and the r_a^3 method proposed by Zhang and Lemeu（1992）. We validated the model against ET of tomatoes in a greenhouse measured from sap flow system combined with micro-lysimeter in 2015 and with weighing lysimeter in 2016. The results showed that the proposed surface resistance model improved the accuracy of the PM model, especially when the leaf area index was low and the greenhouse was being irrigated. We also found that the aerodynamic resistance calculated from the r_a^1 and r_a^3 methods is applicable to the greenhouse although the latter is slightly more accurate than the former. The proposed surface resistance model, together with the r_a^3 method for aerodynamic resistance, offers an improved approach to estimate ET in greenhouse using the PM formula.

A multi-criteria decision-making approach for comparing sample preservation and DNA extraction methods from swine feces

Molecular microbiological methods, such as competetive PCR, real-time PCR, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and large-scale parallel-pyrosequencing, require the extraction of sufficient quantity of high quality DNA from microbiologically and chemically complex matrices. Due to difficulties in the field to standardize/select the optimum DNA preservation-extraction methods in view of laboratories differences, this article attempts to present a straight-forward mathematical framework for comparing some of the most commonly used methods. To this end, as a case study, the problem of selecting an optimum sample preservation-DNA extraction strategy for obtaining total bacterial DNA from swine feces was considered. Two sample preservation methods (liquid nitrogen and RNAlater?) and seven extraction techniques were paired and compared under six quantitative DNA analysis criteria: yield of extraction, purity of extracted DNA (A260/280 and A 260/230 ratios), duration of extraction, degradation degree of DNA, and cost. From a practical point of view, it is unlikely that a single sample preservation-DNA extraction strategy can be optimum for all selected criteria. Hence, a systematic multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach was used to compare the methods. As a result, the ZR Fecal DNA MiniPrepTM DNA extraction kit for samples preserved either with liquid nitrogen or RNAlater? were identified as potential optimum solutions for obtaining total bacterial DNA from swine feces. Considering the need for practicality for in situ applications, we would recommend liquid nitrogen as sample preservation method, along with the ZR Fecal DNA MiniPrepTM kit. Total bacterial DNA obtained by this strategy can be suitable for downstream PCR-based DNA analyses of swine feces.

Optimization of high pressure machine decocting process for Dachengqi Tang using HPLC fingerprints combined with the Box–Behnken experimental design

Using Dachengqi Tang（DCQT） as a model, high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）fingerprints were applied to optimize machine extracting process with the Box–Behnken experimental design. HPLC fingerprints were carried out to investigate the chemical ingredients of DCQT; synthetic weighing method based on analytic hierarchy process（AHP） and criteria importance through intercriteria correlation（CRITIC） was performed to calculate synthetic scores of fingerprints; using the mark ingredients contents and synthetic scores as indicators, the Box–Behnken design was carried out to optimize the process parameters of machine decocting process under high pressure for DCQT. Results of optimal process showed that the herb materials were soaked for 45 min and extracted with 9 folds volume of water in the decocting machine under the temperature of 140 1C till the pressure arrived at 0.25 MPa;then hot decoction was excreted to soak Dahuang and Mangxiao for 5 min. Finally, obtained solutions were mixed, filtrated and packed. It concluded that HPLC fingerprints combined with the Box–Behnken experimental design could be used to optimize extracting process of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）.

Preventive Effect of Mungbean on Tumorgenesis in Experimental Mice

The present experiment was designed to investigatethe effect of oral mungbean on the tumorogenesisin experimental mice.Hybrid mice weighing 20-22g were randomly distributed into several groups.Morpholine（0.635%）was supplemented with the basicdiet.N2NO2（0. 02%）was dissolved in drinking wateradjusted to pH7.0.Test diets were prepared by supple-ment of various levels（3%,5%,or 10%）of mungbeanwith the basic diet in addition to morpholine Same

ASYMPTOTICS FOR POSITIVE SOLUTIONS OF THE WEIGHTED LAPLACE EQUATIONS INVOLVINGCRITICAL GROWTH

A general weighted second order elliptic equation involving critical growth is considered on bounded smooth. domain in n-dimension space. There is the singular point for the weighted coefficients in the domain. With generalized blow up method, some results are obtained for asymptotic behavior of positive solutions. This problem includes Laplacian operators as special cases.