In order to study the spatiotemporal evolution of the precursory anomalies 10 years before the Wenchuan M_S8. 0 earthquake in 2008, the epicentral distance of the precursory anomalies is calculated by using the geomet...In order to study the spatiotemporal evolution of the precursory anomalies 10 years before the Wenchuan M_S8. 0 earthquake in 2008, the epicentral distance of the precursory anomalies is calculated by using the geometric center of the rupture region and the elliptical centerline of the aftershock region. The result shows, precursor anomalies gradually increased about 2 years before the Wenchuan earthquake. The ratio of abnormal items is greater than 25% in the near source area (about twice the source scale) and 17%-24% in the remote area (about 3-5 times the source scale). There are three different stages of spatiotemporal evolution of precursory anomalies. During the α stage (including α_1 and α_2,between 700 to 3000 days before the main earthquake),the anomalies are mainly distributed in the southwest and northwest area of the Wenchuan aftershocks area. It is shown that the precursors of the far source region and the near source area have the characteristics of outward expansion. During the β stage (between 300 to 700 days before the main earthquake), the anomalies are distributed in the southwest and northern region of the aftershock region, showing a large range of anomalies. During the γ stage (including γ_1 and γ_2, 300 days before the main earthquake),the range of anomaly distribution is wide,and the anomalies are distributed in the southwest and northeast of the aftershock area. The anomalies converged to epicenter (γ_1) in the far source region and expand outwards (γ_2) in the near source region. Results of the experimental study and mechanical analysis of earthquake preparation process indicate that the three-stage characteristics of precursory anomalies in the process of earthquake preparation may be controlled by the seismogenic body,which is a form of expression in the process of earthquake preparation and a universal featureduring the earthquake preparation process,which has a certain guiding role in earthquake prediction.展开更多
The M8.0 Wenchuan earthquake occurred on the Longmenshan fault zone. Based on field investigation of the surface rupture and focal mechanism study of the aftershocks, we discuss the geological relationship of the main...The M8.0 Wenchuan earthquake occurred on the Longmenshan fault zone. Based on field investigation of the surface rupture and focal mechanism study of the aftershocks, we discuss the geological relationship of the main, secondary and triggered ruptures. The main rupture is about 200km long and can be divided into the south part and the north part. The south part consists of two parallel fault zones characterized by reverse faulting, with several parallel secondary ruptures on the hanging wall of the main fault, and the north part is a single main fault zone characterized by lateral strike-slip and reverse faulting. Compared to a 300km long aftershock distribution, the surface rupture only occupies 200km, and the remaining lOOkm on the northeast of the main rupture was triggered by aftershocks. Study on the ruptures of this earthquake will be useful for studying the earthquake risk evolution on the Longmenshan fault system.展开更多
Records of the May 12, 2008 Ms8.0 Wenchuan, Sichuan, earthquake from 27 stations of Shaanxi Digital Strong Motion Network are processed and analyzed, including baseline adjustment of acceleration traces, filtering, an...Records of the May 12, 2008 Ms8.0 Wenchuan, Sichuan, earthquake from 27 stations of Shaanxi Digital Strong Motion Network are processed and analyzed, including baseline adjustment of acceleration traces, filtering, and calculations of velocities, displacements and acceleration response spectra. The results show that direction energy radiation of the large earthquake and horizontal inhomogeneous medium along the wave traveling path might both have some effect on the scattering degree of the attenuation of PGAH, besides influence of local site conditions. For the same intensity, the ratios of PGA/PGV are commonly small, on average about 5, which indicates that long period components are rich in ground motion. Intensities for most sites of the stations are within V -VII. The larger one among PGAE-W and PGAN-S is quite close to their PGAH, which is less than 10 % in relative deviation. The dominated waves are surface waves. The thicker the soil overburden is, the stronger the surface wave will be and the longer the shaking will last. Local site conditions have strong effects on ground motion, especially those of thick sediment filled-in basins, as they can significantly amplify long-period components.展开更多
通过分析汶川 M 8.0地震前后山西地震带 GPS 速度场以及由此计算得到的现今构造应变率场,结果显示：（1）汶川 M 8.0地震后,山西地震带各区域的运动方向均不同程度向西偏转,太原盆地及其以北的区域由1999-2007年的 SW 或 SSW 向转为 SWW...通过分析汶川 M 8.0地震前后山西地震带 GPS 速度场以及由此计算得到的现今构造应变率场,结果显示：（1）汶川 M 8.0地震后,山西地震带各区域的运动方向均不同程度向西偏转,太原盆地及其以北的区域由1999-2007年的 SW 或 SSW 向转为 SWW 向,且运动速率由平均约2 mm/a增加到约4 mm/a,太原盆地以南的区域由之前的 SSE 向转为 SW 向。（2）汶川 M 8.0地震后,山西地震带的应变率场显著增强,大同盆地、太原盆地北段和临汾盆地西南段形成了三个压性应变集中区,2010年在这三个区域内分别发生了大同 M 4.5、阳曲 M 4.6和河津 M 4.8地震,可能由于这种压性应变积累的区域应力场环境有利于山西地震带中强地震的孕育和发生。（3）2009-11年,受日本 M 9.0地震的影响,山西地震带向西运动的速率有所减弱,应变率场张性变化明显,太原盆地及其以北区域平均速率下降为约2-3 mm/a,太原盆地以南的区域由 SW 向转为整体向南运动的格局,有恢复到1999-2007年背景运动状态的迹象。展开更多
Sliding-window cross-correlation method is firstly adopted to identify sPn phase, and to constrain focal depth from regional seismograms, by measuring the time separation between sPn and Pn phases. We present the foca...Sliding-window cross-correlation method is firstly adopted to identify sPn phase, and to constrain focal depth from regional seismograms, by measuring the time separation between sPn and Pn phases. We present the focal depths of the 17 moderate-sized aftershocks (MS≥5.0) of the Wenchuan MS8.0 earth-quake, using the data recorded by the regional seismic broadband networks of Shaanxi, Qinghai, Gansu, Yunnan and Sichuan. Our results show focal depths of aftershocks range from 8 to 20 km, and tend to cluster at two average depths, separate at 32.5°N, i.e., 11 km to the south and 17 km to the north, indicating that these aftershocks are origin of upper-to-middle crust. Combined with other results, we suggest that the Longmenshan fault is not a through-going crustal fault and the Pingwu-Qingchuan fault may be not the northward extension of the Longmenshan thrust fault.展开更多
基金funded by the Spark Program of Earthquake Sciences(XH17048)the Task-oriented Earthquake Tracing Project of China Earthquake Administration(2018010505)
文摘In order to study the spatiotemporal evolution of the precursory anomalies 10 years before the Wenchuan M_S8. 0 earthquake in 2008, the epicentral distance of the precursory anomalies is calculated by using the geometric center of the rupture region and the elliptical centerline of the aftershock region. The result shows, precursor anomalies gradually increased about 2 years before the Wenchuan earthquake. The ratio of abnormal items is greater than 25% in the near source area (about twice the source scale) and 17%-24% in the remote area (about 3-5 times the source scale). There are three different stages of spatiotemporal evolution of precursory anomalies. During the α stage (including α_1 and α_2,between 700 to 3000 days before the main earthquake),the anomalies are mainly distributed in the southwest and northwest area of the Wenchuan aftershocks area. It is shown that the precursors of the far source region and the near source area have the characteristics of outward expansion. During the β stage (between 300 to 700 days before the main earthquake), the anomalies are distributed in the southwest and northern region of the aftershock region, showing a large range of anomalies. During the γ stage (including γ_1 and γ_2, 300 days before the main earthquake),the range of anomaly distribution is wide,and the anomalies are distributed in the southwest and northeast of the aftershock area. The anomalies converged to epicenter (γ_1) in the far source region and expand outwards (γ_2) in the near source region. Results of the experimental study and mechanical analysis of earthquake preparation process indicate that the three-stage characteristics of precursory anomalies in the process of earthquake preparation may be controlled by the seismogenic body,which is a form of expression in the process of earthquake preparation and a universal featureduring the earthquake preparation process,which has a certain guiding role in earthquake prediction.
基金sponsored by the Special Earthquake Research Program(20070851)National Key Basic Research Development Planning grogram(2004CB418401)+1 种基金Basic Science Research Professional of Institute of Crustal Dynamics (2008)National Science and Technology Support Program(2006BAC13B01 -0202),China
文摘The M8.0 Wenchuan earthquake occurred on the Longmenshan fault zone. Based on field investigation of the surface rupture and focal mechanism study of the aftershocks, we discuss the geological relationship of the main, secondary and triggered ruptures. The main rupture is about 200km long and can be divided into the south part and the north part. The south part consists of two parallel fault zones characterized by reverse faulting, with several parallel secondary ruptures on the hanging wall of the main fault, and the north part is a single main fault zone characterized by lateral strike-slip and reverse faulting. Compared to a 300km long aftershock distribution, the surface rupture only occupies 200km, and the remaining lOOkm on the northeast of the main rupture was triggered by aftershocks. Study on the ruptures of this earthquake will be useful for studying the earthquake risk evolution on the Longmenshan fault system.
文摘Records of the May 12, 2008 Ms8.0 Wenchuan, Sichuan, earthquake from 27 stations of Shaanxi Digital Strong Motion Network are processed and analyzed, including baseline adjustment of acceleration traces, filtering, and calculations of velocities, displacements and acceleration response spectra. The results show that direction energy radiation of the large earthquake and horizontal inhomogeneous medium along the wave traveling path might both have some effect on the scattering degree of the attenuation of PGAH, besides influence of local site conditions. For the same intensity, the ratios of PGA/PGV are commonly small, on average about 5, which indicates that long period components are rich in ground motion. Intensities for most sites of the stations are within V -VII. The larger one among PGAE-W and PGAN-S is quite close to their PGAH, which is less than 10 % in relative deviation. The dominated waves are surface waves. The thicker the soil overburden is, the stronger the surface wave will be and the longer the shaking will last. Local site conditions have strong effects on ground motion, especially those of thick sediment filled-in basins, as they can significantly amplify long-period components.
文摘通过分析汶川 M 8.0地震前后山西地震带 GPS 速度场以及由此计算得到的现今构造应变率场,结果显示：（1）汶川 M 8.0地震后,山西地震带各区域的运动方向均不同程度向西偏转,太原盆地及其以北的区域由1999-2007年的 SW 或 SSW 向转为 SWW 向,且运动速率由平均约2 mm/a增加到约4 mm/a,太原盆地以南的区域由之前的 SSE 向转为 SW 向。（2）汶川 M 8.0地震后,山西地震带的应变率场显著增强,大同盆地、太原盆地北段和临汾盆地西南段形成了三个压性应变集中区,2010年在这三个区域内分别发生了大同 M 4.5、阳曲 M 4.6和河津 M 4.8地震,可能由于这种压性应变积累的区域应力场环境有利于山西地震带中强地震的孕育和发生。（3）2009-11年,受日本 M 9.0地震的影响,山西地震带向西运动的速率有所减弱,应变率场张性变化明显,太原盆地及其以北区域平均速率下降为约2-3 mm/a,太原盆地以南的区域由 SW 向转为整体向南运动的格局,有恢复到1999-2007年背景运动状态的迹象。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40604009 and 40574040)Special Project for the Fundamental R & D of Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration (Grant No.DQJB08B20)
文摘Sliding-window cross-correlation method is firstly adopted to identify sPn phase, and to constrain focal depth from regional seismograms, by measuring the time separation between sPn and Pn phases. We present the focal depths of the 17 moderate-sized aftershocks (MS≥5.0) of the Wenchuan MS8.0 earth-quake, using the data recorded by the regional seismic broadband networks of Shaanxi, Qinghai, Gansu, Yunnan and Sichuan. Our results show focal depths of aftershocks range from 8 to 20 km, and tend to cluster at two average depths, separate at 32.5°N, i.e., 11 km to the south and 17 km to the north, indicating that these aftershocks are origin of upper-to-middle crust. Combined with other results, we suggest that the Longmenshan fault is not a through-going crustal fault and the Pingwu-Qingchuan fault may be not the northward extension of the Longmenshan thrust fault.
