Genetic Types and Metallogenic Model for the Polymetallic Copper–Gold Deposits in the Tongling Ore District, Anhui Province, Eastern China

The Tongling ore district is one of the most economically important ore areas in the Middle–Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt, eastern China. It contains hundreds of polymetallic copper–gold deposits and occurrences. Those deposits are mainly clustered(from west to east) within the Tongguanshan, Shizishan, Xinqiao, Fenghuangshan, and Shatanjiao orefields. Until recently, the majority of these deposits were thought to be skarn-or porphyry–skarn-type deposits; however there have been recent discoveries of numerous vein-type Au, Ag, and Pb-Zn deposits that do not fall into either of these categories. This indicates that there is some uncertainty over this classification. Here, we present the results of several systematic geological studies of representative deposits in the Tongling ore district. From investigation of the ore-controlling structures, lithology of the host rock, mineral assemblages, and the characteristics of the mineralization and alteration within these deposits, three genetic types of deposits(skarn-, porphyry-, and vein-type deposits) have been identified. The spatial and temporal relationships between the orebodies and Yanshanian intrusions combined with the sources of the ore-forming fluids and metals, as well as the geodynamic setting of this ore district, indicate that all three deposit types are genetically related each other and constitute a magmatic–hydrothermal system. This study outlines a model that relates the polymetallic copper–gold porphyry-, skarn-, and vein-type deposits within the Tongling ore district. This model provides a theoretical basis to guide exploration for deep-seated and concealed porphyry-type Cu(–Mo, –Au) deposits as well as shallow vein-type Au, Ag, and Pb–Zn deposits in this area and elsewhere.

Ore Genesis for Stratiform Ore Bodies of the Dongfengnanshan Copper Polymetallic Deposit in the Yanbian Area, NE China:Constraints from LA-ICP-MS in situ Trace Elements and Sulfide S–Pb Isotopes

The Dongfengnanshan Cu polymetallic deposit is one representative deposit of the Tianbaoshan ore district in the Yanbian area, northeast(NE) China. There occur two types of ore bodies in this deposit, the stratiform ore bodies and veintype ones, controlled by the Early Permian strata and the Late Hercynian diorite intrusion, respectively. Due to the ambiguous genetic type of the stratiform ore bodies, there has been controversy on the relationship between them and veintype ore bodies. To determine the genetic type of stratiform ore bodies, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS) in situ trace elements and S–Pb isotope analysis have been carried on the sulfides in the stratiform ore bodies. Compared with that in skarn, Mississippi Valley-type(MVT), and epithermal deposits, sphalerite samples in the stratiform ore bodies of the Dongfengnanshan deposit are significantly enriched in Fe, Mn, and In, while depleted in Ga, Ge, and Cd, which is similar to the sphalerite in volcanic-associated massive sulfide(VMS) deposits. Co/Ni ratio of pyrrhotites in the stratiform ore bodies is similar to that in VMS-type deposits. The concentrations of Zn and Cd of chalcopyrites are similar to those of recrystallized VMS-type deposits. These characteristics also reflect the intermediate ore-forming temperature of the stratiform ore bodies in this deposit. Sulfur isotope compositions of sulfides are similar to those of VMS-type deposits, reflecting that sulfur originated from the Permian Miaoling Formation. Lead isotope compositions indicate mixed-source for lead. Moreover, the comparison of the Dongfengnanshan stratiform ore bodies with some VMStype deposits in China and abroad, on the trace elements and S–Pb isotope characteristics of the sulfides reveals that the stratiform ore bodies of the Dongfengnanshan deposit belong to the VMS-type, and have closely genetic relationship with the early Permian marine volcanic sedimentary rocks.

Diversity of Mineralization and Spectrum of the Gejiu Superlarge Tin-Copper Polymetallic Deposit,Yunnan,China

The Gejiu （个旧） deposit is a superlarge tin-copper polymetallic ore-forming concentration area characterized by excellent metallogenic geological settings and advantageous ore-controlling factors. The deposit displays diverse mineralization properties due to different minerals and mineral deposit types. Based on the principal metallogenic factors, metallogenic mechanisms, mineralized components, and occurrence of mineral deposits or ore bodies, the Gejiu mineral district can be divided into 2 combinations of metallogenic series, 4 metallogenic series, 8 subseries, and 27 mineral deposit types. Spatial zonality is evident. The distribution regularity of the elements in both plane and section is Be-W, Sn （Cu, Mo, Bi, Be）-Sn, Pb, Ag-Pb, Zn around a granitic intrusion. The metallogenic epoch is mainly concentrated in the late Yanshanian. During this period, large-scale metallogenic processes related to movement caused by tectonics and magmatism occurred, and a series of magmatic hydrothermal deposits formed. The ore-forming processes can be divided into 4 stages： the silicate stage, the oxide stage, the sulphide stage, and the carbonate stage. Based on the orderliness and diversity （in terms of time, space, and genesis） of the mineralization, the authors have developed a comprehensive spectrum of ore deposits in the Gejiu area. This newly proposed diversity of mineralization and the spectrum developed in this work are useful not only for interpreting the genesis of the Gejiu deposit but also for improving mineral exploration in the area, and in particular, for finding large deposits.

Magmatic Hydrothermal Origin of the Wenyu Copper Polymetallic Deposit, Southern Lancangjiang Zone, SW China

The Wenyu copper polymetallic deposit, with proven reserves of about 0.23 Mt Cu, 394 t Ag and 0.04 Mt Pb, is located in the central part of the Lancangjiang volcanic rock belt （Fig. l a）, which is one of the most potential copper polymetallic exploration areas in SW China.

Geological Characteristics and Its Metallogenesis of Daolundaba Copper Polymetallic Deposits,Inner Mongolia

1 Geology Daolundaba copper polymetallic deposit occurs in West Ujimqin Banner,the Xilin Gol League of Inner Mongolia,along the west side of South part of Daxinganling ore belt,whose tectonic position just lies at the junction of Siberian Block in the south part,North China Block in the north and Songliao block in the east.The Daolundaba copper polymetallic deposit is hosted by the Lower Proterozoic Baoyintu group of biotite-plagioclase gneiss(Pt1by),upper Permian Linxi formation of sandy slate(P2l),and the Hercynian Qianjinchang pluton of biotite granite.

Characteristics and sources of ore-forming fluids of South Narimalahei copper polymetallic deposit in East Kunlun,Qinghai

The South Narimalahei area is located on the north side of the Middle Kunlun fault in the eastern section of the East Kunlun composite orogenic belt. The ore body is veined and controlled by structures and se- condary fissures, which occurs in the structural alteration fracture zone in the Late Triassic granodiorite. In this deposit, copper mineralization is closely related to silicification and sericification. The formation process of the deposit includes hydrothermal mineralization and supergene oxidation. In this paper, the fluid inclusion minera- logy , microscopic temperature measurement and stable isotope studies have been carried out for ore of the main mineralization stage. The results show that the primary gas-liquid two-phase inclusions and a small amount of single-liquid inclusions are mainly developed in the quartz in the main mineralization stage. The results of microscopic temperature measurement show that the ore-forming fluid which has low temperature (151.7℃ -205.8 ℃), low salinity(2.06wt% - 4.94wt%NaCl), low density (0.86 -0.92 g/cm^( 3)) and shallow formation (1.5 -3.0 km) is a hydrothermal solution of NaCl-H_(2)O system. Hydrogen and oxygen isotope results show that the ore-forming fluids mainly come from atmospheric precipitation, with a small amount of magmatic fluids participating. It is preliminarily determined that the South Narimalahei copper polymetallic deposit is a low- temperature hydrothermal vein deposit.

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON METALLOGENESIS OF THE LAMASU COPPER POLYMETALLIC ORE DEPOSIT, XINJIANG

The Lamasu copper polymetallic mineralized region lies in the south of Wenquan County, Xinjiang and in the Northwest lakeside of the Sailimu Lake. Seen from the geotectonic position, it belongs to North Tianshan geodome system, Tianshan diwa region, Central Asian crustobody. Copper and zinc polymetallic ore bodies had been formed in the skarn of the contact, between the metamophic carbonate rocks of the Kuximqiek Group, Jixian System and early mid Varisean acidic rockbodies. The formation of the ore deposit was the result of the successive activities of the crust and mantle and the tectonic and magmatic activities.

Application of tensor CSAMT with high-power orthogonal signal sources in Jiama porphyry copper deposit,South Tibet

The Jiama porphyry copper deposit in Tibet is one of the proven supergiant copper deposits in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau at present,with the reserves of geological resources equivalent to nearly 20×10^(6) t.However,it features wavy and steep terrain,leading to extremely difficult field operation and heavy interference.This study attempts to determine the effects of the tensor controlled-source audiomagnetotellurics(CSAMT)with high-power orthogonal signal sources(also referred to as the high-power tensor CSAMT)when it is applied to the deep geophysical exploration in plateaus with complex terrain and mining areas with strong interference.The test results show that the high current provided by the highpower tensor CSAMT not only greatly improved the signal-to-noise ratio but also guaranteed that effective signals were received in the case of a long transmitter-receiver distance.Meanwhile,the tensor data better described the anisotropy of deep geologic bodies.In addition,the tests also show that when the transmitting current reaches 60 A,it is still guaranteed that strong enough signals can be received in the case of the transmitter-receiver distance of about 25 km,sounding curves show no near field effect,and effective exploration depth can reach 3 km.The 2D inversion results are roughly consistent with drilling results,indicating that the high-power tensor CSAMT can be used to achieve nearly actual characteristics of underground electrical structures.Therefore,this method has great potential for application in deep geophysical exploration in plateaus and mining areas with complex terrain and strong interference,respectively.This study not only serves as important guidance on the prospecting in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau but also can be used as positive references for deep mineral exploration in other areas.

SEDIMENTARY, MAGMATIC AND TECTONIC CONSTRAINTS ON THE FORMATION OF THE YULONG SUPPER0-LARGE PORPHYRY COPPER POLYMETAL DEPOSIT, EAST TIBET

The Yulong supper\|large copper deposit is situated within the well\|known S\|N striking Yulong copper\|molybdenum ore belt. The ore\|bearing biotite\|monogranitic porphyry was emplaced within clastic rocks (mainly shales and siltstones) of the Jiapila Formation (T 3 j ) and carbonate rocks of the Bolila Formation (T 3 b ) of the Upper Triassic. Five mineralization patterns have been recognized in the deposit, i.e., ①veinlet\|disseminated Cu\|Mo ore in the porphyry; ②skarn\|type Cu ore at the contact zone with carbonates (T 3 b ); ③stratiform\|like oxidized Cu ore between T 3 b carbonate rocks and T 3 j hornstones; ④brecciated Cu ore at the local periphery of porphyry; and ⑤vein Pb\|Zn\|Ag ore in the outer contact zone. They constitute a unique integrated polymetal mineralization series of epigenetic intermediate\|acid magmatic hydrothermal system.Studies have shown that the Yulong deposit was the coupling product of sedimentation, magmatism, and tectonism. The Cu\|bearing sandstones in the Japila Formation have provided partial ore\|bearing materials for the porphyry mineralization during the Himalayan period. The mineralized porphyry mass was passively emplaced and controlled by a nose\|like anticlinal trap opening to the north. The interlayered fractured zone formed during folding between the Jiapila and Bolila Formations acted as favorable host space for stratiform\|like skarn and oxidized ores. A large number of cleavages and fissures developed during folding provided both conduits for the circulation of ore\|forming fluids and host spaces for Pb\|Zn\|Ag ore veins. The veinlet\|disseminated Cu\|Mo ore in the porphyry mass owns the characteristics of typical porphyry copper deposits in the world. The veinlet\|disseminated ore body and the stratiform\|like skarn\|type and/or oxidized ore body, the two main ore bodies in Yulong, are connected with each other and shown as “mushroom\|like" shape, in which the former occurs as “mushroom stem" and the latter as “mushroom cover".

Ore-forming material sources of the Baiyangping Cu-Co-Ag polymetallic deposit in the Lanping Basin,western Yunnan Province

The ore-forming material sources of the Baiyangping copper-cobalt-silver polymetallic deposit have been studied in view of the S, Pb, C, O and H isotopic characteristics and the ratio of Co/Ni of cobaltite. The results showed that sulfur in metallic sulfides may have come from a mixed sulfur-source consisting of the sulfur-source from metamorphic rocks in the basin basement with basic volcanic rocks and the sulfur-source from basin sulfates; lead in the ores was provided by the sedimentary rocks and basement rocks; CO2 in ore-forming fluids was derived from thermolysis of altered and normal marine facies carbonates and decarboxylation of sedimentary organic matter respectively; the ore-forming fluids belong to the SO4-Cl-Na-Ca-type basin thermal brines derived from paleo-meteoric waters; cobalt in the deposit may also be derived from the metamorphic rocks in the basin basement with basic volcanic rocks.

粤东金坑锡铜多金属矿燕山期岩浆热液叠加成矿

金坑锡铜多金属矿位于广东莲花山断裂带北东段,是近些年来在粤东地区新发现的典型锡铜多金属矿,关于该矿床的成因类型和成矿机制一直存在较大争议。矿区勘查工作在马山矿段首次发现伴有明显铜矿化的热液隐爆角砾岩,对于揭示矿床成因具有重要意义。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代分析结果显示,花岗质角砾成岩年龄约为150 Ma,ε_(Hf)(t)值为-8.20~-4.55,二阶段Hf模式年龄值为1.73~1.49 Ga,指示岩浆主要来自于中元古代地壳物质,并有地幔物质加入。硫化物原位硫同位素分析结果显示,不同阶段硫化物硫同位素组成具有明显差别。第一阶段(Py-Ⅰ)和第二阶段(Py-Ⅱ)黄铁矿存在显著的硫同位素变化,前者为-0.65‰~1.11‰(n=5),后者为1.30‰~1.93‰(n=5),与Py-Ⅱ共生黄铜矿同位素值为1.42‰~1.87‰(n=16)。第三阶段硫化物中黄铜矿δ^(34)S值为3.69‰~4.32‰(n=4),其中隐爆角砾岩胶结物中黄铜矿(Ccp-Ⅲa)δ^(34)S为3.69‰~3.74‰,略低于第三阶段石英-绿泥石脉中黄铜矿(Ccp-Ⅲb)δ^(34)S值(4.29‰~4.32‰)。第四阶段黄铁矿(Py-Ⅳ)δ^(34)S值为-4.87‰(n=1),黄铜矿(Ccp-Ⅳ)δ^(34)S值为-3.07‰(n=1)。基于成岩成矿年代及硫化物原位硫同位素分析,文章认为金坑锡铜多金属矿床可能存在两期岩浆热液活动的叠加,其中~150 Ma壳幔混合来源花岗质岩浆活动可能是触发矿区铜矿化的重要岩浆事件,早于后期锡矿的形成(~144 Ma),这一发现有望为莲花山断裂带锡铜多金属矿指引新的方向。

内蒙古额济纳旗格日勒图铜多金属矿成因及找矿潜力

内蒙古珠斯楞地区为我国北山成矿带的东延区,格日勒图铜多金属矿是近些年在该区发现的重要铜多金属矿床,矿床赋存于上石炭统白山组上段(C_(2)b^(2))火山岩中。为研究该矿床的成因类型,本文开展了矿石矿物组构、矿石地球化学、石英包裹体和矿物电子探针等分析测试。结果表明,矿石中的脉石矿物主要为石英,石英中包裹体气液比15%~40%,均一温度156℃~395℃,平均温度为308.7℃。盐度(wt%NaCl)2.41~6.64,平均为4.34,属于低盐度中高温流体。石英中的气体包裹体可分为两种类型,一类为N_(2)+CH_(4),另一类为N_(2)。综合研究认为该矿床的成因类型为岩浆热液型矿床。铜多金属矿体在垂向具有明显的分带,上部发育高品位的次生富集带,金属硫化物主要为蓝辉铜矿、辉铜矿、黄铁矿、闪锌矿和少量的砷黝铜矿、黄铜矿等;下部主要为黄铁矿、闪锌矿、方铅矿、黄铜矿和砷黝铜矿等。矿床的形成可初步划分为火山沉积成岩期、岩浆热液成矿期和表生成矿期。研究认为在该矿床深部及外围地区依然具有较大的找矿潜力。

西藏甲玛铜多金属矿电气石矿物学特征及其对热液流体演化的指示

【研究目的】角岩作为甲玛超大型斑岩铜多金属成矿系统的重要组成部分,既是成矿热液的岩性圈闭,也是重要的赋矿围岩,但角岩中的电气石成因不明,对于进一步理解成矿过程有一定制约。【研究方法】本文通过详细的钻孔编录、镜下鉴定和电子探针分析,研究电气石的成因,并探讨其对岩浆热液流体演化过程的启示。【研究结果】电气石在甲玛角岩中较为发育,依据其产状可分为4类:Tur-I,热液角砾岩胶结物中的电气石;Tur-Ⅱ,石英+电气石±黄铁矿脉;Tur-Ⅲ,电气石±黄铁矿±黄铜矿脉;Tur-Ⅳ,团斑状电气石±黄铁矿;其中前3类电气石较发育环带结构。不同产状电气石均具有较为宽泛的Al_(2)O_(3)、Fe/(Fe+Mg)和Na/(Na+Ca)比值,属于碱基亚类镁电气石和黑电气石,替代机制为^(X)□Al(NaMg)_(-1)、Fe^(2+)Mg_(-1)和Fe^(3+)Al_(-1)。【结论】不同产状电气石发育复杂的环带结构,且成分变化极大,表明其是岩浆热液流体和地层流体不同程度混合造成的,且岩浆热液流体与还原性的角岩地层发生的水岩反应可能在甲玛成矿过程中起了重要作用。甲玛不同产状电气石的结构和成分信息记录了岩浆热液演化过程的细节信息,为完善成矿过程提供了重要证据。

东天山维权银铜多金属矿控矿因素及成因分析

维权银铜多金属矿床位于新疆东天山地区,是具有典型特征的大型银铜多金属矿,大地构造划属觉罗塔格沟弧带中的雅满苏岛弧带。该矿床的地质特征、控矿因素、矿床成因长期存在争议。本次研究建立在多年野外地质勘查的基础上,对矿床的地质特征、控矿因素、矿床成因等进行了系统研究,认为银铜、铅锌矿体均分布于火山碎屑岩中,受地层控制的铅锌矿体被断裂构造控制的银铜矿体所切穿;铅锌矿成矿严格受地层层位控制,主要的蚀变类型为矽卡岩化,为接触交代成因类型,成矿时代为早石炭世晚期;银铜矿体形成于晚石炭世中晚期,矿体就位空间为断裂构造,矿体形态明显受断裂形态和性质所控制,有着明显的矿化边界,即断层面,认为其属岩浆期后远程中低温热液成因,成矿晚于铅锌成矿。

滇西保山地块陡崖铁铜多金属矿床石榴子石年代学及其地球化学特征

陡崖夕卡岩型铁铜多金属矿床位于保山—镇康铅锌多金属矿带北段。区内矿体产于寒武系上统核桃坪组和沙河厂组中,岩性主要为大理岩化灰岩和夹泥质灰岩。目前,矿区内尚未揭露中酸性岩体。为厘清该矿床的成矿时代、成矿的物理化学条件和成矿流体的性质,我们对该矿床的石榴子石开展了细致的岩相学工作、地球化学分析以及LA-SF-ICP-MS U-Pb定年测试。结合野外调查与岩相学工作,主量元素特征表明:保山陡崖矿床产出的石榴子石属于钙铝榴石钙铁榴石固溶体系列,且该矿区的石榴子石可划分为两类(GrtⅠ和GrtⅡ)。微量元素特征表明:在陡崖矿床,随着温度、氧逸度的变化,流体体系的pH值经历了早期的中性—晚期的酸性的转变。通过应用石榴子石LA-SF-ICP-MS U-Pb定年方法,获得468~461 Ma的可靠年龄数据,表明滇西保山地块陡崖矿床成矿作用发生于中奥陶世。结合双脉地、清水河花岗岩与之相似的稀土配分曲线以及形成时代,推测该矿床可能与岩石圈地幔的拆沉作用有关,其源区主要为古老大陆地壳部分熔融,并有幔源物质的加入。

西藏努日铜多金属矿南矿段地质特征及短波红外光谱的勘查应用

西藏努日斑岩-矽卡岩型矿床作为冈底斯成矿带上发现的唯一具有Cu-W-Mo矿化组合的大型矿床,带上找矿潜力较大,成果丰硕。随着区带成矿理论和矿区研究程度的深入,亟需使用新的方法和技术手段来满足区内深部找矿的需要。本次研究利用短波红外光谱技术SWIR(Short wave infrared),对努日铜多金属矿床南矿段中典型蚀变矿物进行研究,根据其矿床地质特征、蚀变矿物组合、分带特征以及光谱分析结果,总结了矿区典型蚀变矿物短波红外光谱特征值分布规律,进而确定其勘查标志。研究认为白云母的吸收峰位值Pos2200>2208 nm、伊利石的吸收峰位值Pos2200>2203 nm、绿泥石的吸收峰位值Pos2250>2249 nm的大量或连续出现,可以作为努日矿区矽卡岩型铜多金属矿床有效的蚀变矿物勘查指标;在此基础上,综合努日南矿段地质特征分析、蚀变矿物分布规律分析,对矿区深部斑岩型铜矿进行成矿预测,认为南矿段45线东侧深部的石英闪长(玢)岩具有斑岩型铜矿找矿的潜力,为矿区下一步的找矿提供了方向与思路。

赣北石门寺钨铜多金属矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄及其地质意义

为了解赣北石门寺钨铜多金属矿床的钨富集机理及矿床成因,对该矿床中的辉钼矿开展了Re-Os同位素年代学研究。结果显示,6件辉钼矿样品的Re-Os模式年龄为140.2~142.5 Ma,加权平均年龄为(141.37±0.84)Ma(MSWD=0.84),等时线年龄为(141.79±0.97)Ma(MSWD=1.10),二者在误差范围内一致,可以代表辉钼矿的矿化年龄,指示该矿床的成矿时间为141 Ma左右。对赣北、赣中和赣南地区的成岩成矿年龄进行对比,发现三地的成岩成矿事件在时间上具有连续性。结合区域构造演化历程,本文认为石门寺钨铜多金属矿形成于早白垩世时期的伸展减薄环境。

基于红外光谱技术的赣南铜岭下铜多金属矿床蚀变及矿化特征研究

江西赣南地区是中国重要的多金属矿集区,成矿潜力大,随着矿产勘查进入深部找矿的新阶段,传统勘查手段难以支撑,亟需新的方法和思路进一步来指导找矿工作。文章以江西赣南地区铜岭下铜多金属矿床为例,采用短波红外+热红外光谱技术,结合矿物学和矿物地球化学手段,厘定了矿区蚀变矿物组合及空间展布特征,分析了光谱特征与矿化品位之间的关系,探讨了铜岭下矿床中典型蚀变矿物的形成与演化过程,构建出铜岭下矿床的光谱勘查模型。研究发现,矿区北部Cu-Mo矿化分布于花岗岩体顶部,以绢云母族矿物为找矿标志;矿区中部Cu-Zn矿化处于花岗岩体侵入的地层接触带,以绿泥石低Pos2250值(<2243nm)以及蛇纹石和断裂特征分布为找矿标志;矿区南部W-Sn-Cu矿化与石英细脉相关,总体与蚀变矿物关系不大,主要以岩石裂隙为找矿标志。北部钻孔ZK9-3和ZK9-4伊利石波谱IC值反映出岩体侵入深度大,推测其位置距离热源中心更近;绢云母2200nm波长变化结果显示:成矿流体可能来源于矿区北部;矿区中部绿泥石以富镁(铁)绿泥石为主,Pos2250值从致矿岩体到接触带附近呈由高变低的趋势。研究区成矿环境复杂,由北向南形成了蚀变花岗岩型(Cu-Mo)-构造控制下的弱矽卡岩型(Cu-Zn)-石英脉型(W-Sn-Cu)的复合成矿体系。

江西德兴银山铜铅锌多金属矿床稳定同位素地球化学研究

针对银山铜铅锌多金属矿床进行氢、氧、硫、铅同位素研究,以判定其成矿物质的来源。研究结果表明:δD值为-78.9‰~-28.5‰,平均值为-56.5‰;δ18OV-SMOW值为12.10‰~18.70‰,平均值为16.06‰;δ^(18)O_(H_(2)O)值为0.18‰~11.26‰,平均值为8.24‰;反映了成矿流体是岩浆水和大气降水的混合。δ34S值为-1.04‰~2.71‰,平均值为1.35‰,与矿区赋矿地层张村岩组的硫同位素明显不同,暗示了成矿物质不是直接来自地层,但呈现出明显的幔源硫(-3‰~3‰)特征,与矿区火山-次火山活动有紧密联系。铅同位素206Pb/204Pb=17.890 0~18.319 0,207Pb/204Pb=15.528 0~15.602 5,208Pb/204Pb=38.025 2~38.445 0,表明铅来源为壳幔混源,矿石与岩浆岩具有亲缘性。

同构造隐伏花岗岩体及其热液成矿系统——以河南省熊耳山铁炉坪银多金属矿田为例

以位于华北克拉通南缘的河南省熊耳山铁炉坪银多金属矿田为研究对象,通过对区内地质构造、成矿作用、物化探资料、遥感影像等综合研究,发现该矿田是一个与同构造隐伏花岗岩体有关的岩浆热液成矿系统。推测该隐伏岩体为一个东宽西窄、东厚西薄的“鞋底”状花岗质岩席,其总体空间形态与熊耳山变质核杂岩下盘的东向运动学方向密切相关。高位岩浆房的主体(隐伏岩体厚大部分)定位于故县水库以东地带。区内已发现的银、金多金属矿床主要是隐伏岩体东部主体顶上带外缘区定位的中温热液脉状矿化。推测在隐伏岩体顶上带的中南部还有三个隐伏岩钟发育部位,正是岩浆热液二次沸腾核心区域,因而是形成高温的斑岩型铜钼矿或隐爆角砾岩型钼金矿的最有利区段。