Similarities Between Granites on the East and West Coasts of the Pacific Ocean

The traditional idea proposes that granites on the east and west coasts of the Pacific Ocean are different. According to field investigations of the geology of the western United States coupled with the authors' long-term studies on granites in South China, granites both in eastern China and in the western United States are similar.

Diagnosis of the Causes of the Rain Flooding in June in the West Africa Coastal Area

Rain flooding during June on the West Africa coastal area is analyzed by using the 95th and 75th percentiles, which represent extreme and intense rainfall events respectively. Thus, the contribution of these events that reaches around 50% shows their impact on the rainfall in June. Atmospheric and oceanic factors influence the rain flooding. Indeed, the extreme events are associated with easterly waves propagating from 20°E, while those of intense events are initiated around 5°E. The impact of oceanic conditions exhibits the warming of the equatorial rail and the Atlantic cold tongue, the warming of the whole ocean basin and a north-south dipole of SST anomalies. The West African monsoon that reaches Abidjan corresponds to a low-level atmospheric flow, whose upward motion extends in latitude from the ocean to the continent. An increase of disturbance contributes to enhancing these events. This is confirmed by the inflow on to the continent of oceanic moisture coming from the ventilation by evaporation of warm water. In addition, the coupled ocean-atmosphere simulations are one of the best candidates that could help to better explain these dramatic events. This study is useful because of showing solutions that could help in adoption of policies for the risks management related to these events.

印度尼西亚西岸温盐锋时空变化特征

通过WOA13多年季节气候态数据分析了印度尼西亚5°S锋面与15°S锋面的季节变化特征及水平方向垂直方向上变化特点:两处海洋锋均在表层以下,其中5°S附近仅有温度锋,主要存在于1—6月份,1—3月份为锋强度最大时期,集中在30—100 m水层内。15°S处既存在温度锋又存在盐度锋,全年均有锋现象,但其强度存在季节差异。对比声速剖面,发现声速在从南到北穿越5°S(15°S)锋面时逐渐声速减小(增大)。

1996年1～3月的全球地震动态

１９９６年第一季度，全球地震活动仍保持显著的高水平。这是连续保持显著高水平的第四个季度。大洋岛弧地震带接连发生两次Ｍ＿ｓ≥７．７的α级大地震──印尼的米纳哈萨地震和西伊里安地震。美洲地震带本季度的最大地震为墨西哥瓦哈卡Ｍ＿ｓ７．５（中国定）地震。大平洋西北边缘带最大地震为堪察加以东地震，震级Ｍ＿ｓ７．２（中国定），居本季度全球第三位。亚欧带东段（中国境内）发生两次６～７级地震。

基于发展模式演变的第四代海洋主题公园规划探索--以青岛康大海洋公园规划设计为例

海洋主题公园作为主题公园的特殊形式,已发展百余年,成为最具吸引力的旅游产品之一。海洋主题公园建设经历了3代规划模式的变革,在公园的组织形式、功能搭配、产品设置等方面发生了明显的阶段性的变化。随着全球旅游产业的发展及旅游产品的不断升级换代需要,世界范围内海洋主题公园的规划建设面临着全新变革以适应时代发展和产业进步的需要。第四代海洋主题公园模式亟待启动,以青岛康大海洋公园的规划设计实践为例,从文化演绎、功能创新和规模效益3个方面详细解读对第四代海洋主题公园的诠释和规划探索。