Interpretation of the west segment of the coastal fault zone in the coastal region of South China based on the gravity data

By systemic processing, comprehensive analysis, and interpretation of gravity data, we confirmed the existence of the west segment of the coastal fault zone(west of Yangjiang to Beibu Bay) in the coastal region of South China. This showed an apparent high gravity gradient in the NEE direction, and worse linearity and less compactness than that in the Pearl River month. This also revealed a relatively large curvature and a complicated gravity structure. In the finding images processed by the gravity data system, each fault was well reflected and primarily characterized by isolines or thick black stripes with a cutting depth greater than 30 km. Though mutually cut by NW-trending and NE-trending faults, the apparent NEE stripe-shaped structure of the west segment of the coastal fault zone remained unchanged,with good continuity and an activity strength higher than that of NW and NE-trending faults. Moreover,we determined that the west segment of the coastal fault zone is the major seismogenic structure responsible for strong earthquakes in the coastal region in the border area of Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hainan.

The Ophiolitic Mélanges in Strike-slip Fault Zones in West Junggar,Xinjiang,NW China

The West Junggar region of western China,located in the far eastern end of the Kazakhstan orocline,occupies the junction of the Siberia,Tarim and Kazakhstan blocks,which is crucial for palinspastic reconstruction of the CAOB.The principal rock assemblages in West Junggar include Paleozoic ophiolitic mélanges and a thick,undeformed Upper Devonian–Lower Carboniferous sedimentary succession as the boundary of the mélanges,both of which are intruded by sub-circular Upper Carboniferous granitoid plutons and intermediate-basic-mafic dykes.On the basis of the sedimentary structures like cross bedding and convolute bedding and the geochronology data,the Upper Devonian–Lower Carboniferous sedimentary successions were identified as the Tailegula,Baogutu,and Xibeikulasi formations from the bottom up,which is an apparent shallowing-upwards ocean basin fill succession,from radiolarian cherts through 2000 meters of flysch to a more neritic Baogutu Formation to a fluvial Xibeikulasi Formation.At the bottom of the Tailegula Formation there is a peperite-bearing unit:a succession of extrusive mafic rock,mainly basaltic lava,with interbeds or blocks of sedimentary rocks including carbonate,radiolarian chert,calcareous siltstone and minor fine-grained tuffaceous sandstone.Peperites in the Tailegula are thickest and best developed as the type section.Four types of peperites were identified based on of the volcanic clast shapes and sediment-matrix properties in Tailegula:(1)arbonatesediment-hosted fluidal peperites,(2)sandstone-hosted fluidal peperites,(3)tuff-hosted mixed fluidal and blocky peperites and(4)carbonate-sediment-hosted blocky peperites.Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of a tuff lens enclosed by lava showed that the peperites formed in the Late Devonian(ca.364 Ma).The widespread peperitebearing succession in the Tailegula Formation is of variablethickness at different sites in West Junggar,such as the Tailegula,Baijiantan,Kalaxiuka,Saertuohai,Dagun,west of the Akebastaw granite and Shinaizha areas.The peperite-bearing unit is generally undeformed in contrast to the highly deformed slices of ophiolite,and is continuously distributed as a stratigraphic section regionally on either side of the Darbut and Baijiantan ophiolitic belts.It can be taken as a mark layer to demonstrate the existence of a shallow remnant ocean basin from the end of Devonian in West Junggar,which is an important component of oceanic crust in the remnant ocean basin.Peperite,underlying Devonian or earlier oceanic crust developed in the spreading process of the ocean basin,and overlying Carboniferous remnant ocean basin-fill succession constitute the complete evolution sequence of the remnant ocean basin.The Darbut and Baijiantan ophiolitic belts should not be interpreted as significant plate boundaries and represent the underlying ocean crust uplifted along tectonic lineaments within a continuous shallow remnant ocean basin.The Baijiantan and Darbut ophiolites are both steep fault zones(>70°)of serpentinite mélange,in contact on either side with regionally distributed and undeformed Upper Devonian–Lower Carboniferous ocean-floor peperitic basalts and overlying sedimentary successions.Ultramafic rocks is serpentinized and foliated to form the matrix of mélange.Some small blocks of peridotite are mylonitic and strongly foliated.Blocks of gabbro generally underwent prehnitization,epidotization and chloritization and many are metasomatized to rodingite.Pods of medium to fine grained amphibolites are encased in serpentinite and display relict gabbroic textures and amphibolite-facies assemblages.The Baijiantan ophiolitic mélange also includes amphibolite brecciasconsistingofcentimeter-sizedmylonitic amphibolite clasts embedded within a serpentinite matrix.Basalt lavas cropping out in the Baijiantan ophiolitic mélange are of two types:type 1 and type 2 lavas.The type1 lavas occur within the fault zones as small blocks withinthe matrix of ultramafic rocks,tectonically juxtaposed against other rocks.The type 2 basalt lava came from the peperite-bearing unit.Besides the ultramafic rocks,gabbros,and basalt lavas,the other supracrustal rocks in the ophiolitic mélange include sandstone,chert,tuff,and very rare limestone.Sandstones predominate and most of them are tuffaceous;their characteristics are consistent with the sandstones from surrounding Lower Carboniferous sedimentary formations.Sandstone blocks within the mélanges also have detrital zircon age distributions(300-400 Ma)and characteristics similar to surrounding Carboniferous sediments.The rock assemblages in the mélanges indicate the ophiolitic mélanges consist of locally derived rocks,in contrast to conventional ophiolitic mélanges.The ophiolitic mélanges show classic structural features of strike-slip shearing regimes,including subhorizontal slickenside lineations(<20°),consistent steeply dipping foliation(>75°)in the matrix,and elongated shapes of blocks aligned parallel to the shear zone.Consistent shear-sense indicators including slip-fiber lineations,Riedel shears,asymmetric blocks,shear band cleavages and veins indicate a horizontal sinistral sense of movement.The occurrence of the amphibolite and ultramafic mylonite in the mélanges probably record early,deep-seated strike slip,indicating that the fault zones extended downward through the oceanic crust.The amphibolite-facies metamorphism then was superimposed by brittle deformation at a shallow level to form fault breccias during the mélange formation.So the ophiolitic mélanges originated from crustal-scale sinistral strike-slip fault zones,not as major plate boundaries or subduction-suture zones.The youngest units of the mélanges are the deformed blocks of Lower Carboniferous basin-fill sedimentary rocks,indicating that the ultimate formation of the mélanges was after deposition of the Lower Carboniferous strata(detrital zircon age modes:320-330 Ma),but before the age of the intruding granite and the dike cutting the mélanges(~310 Ma).Based on above discussions and taking into consideration of the previous studies,a tectonic evolution scenario is proposed for the Devonian to Carboniferous in the West Junggar region.In the middle Devonian or earlier(>390Ma),a paleo-ocean basin existed,stretching across North Xinjiang from Darbut-Baijiantan area in West Junggar to the Kalamaili area in East Junggar.This basin was most likelyaback-arcbasinrelatedtothe Boshchekule–Chengiz–Yemaquan arc.Subduction ended in thepaleo-oceanbasinrepresentedbythe Hongguleleng-Kujibai-Armantai ophiolite belt by late Devonian(375-360 Ma),leading to slab break-off and upwelling of asthenosphere under the remnant ocean basin,which induced The OIB-like basalts in West Junggar.The oceanic basin started to receive sufficient sediment deposition into which OIB-like basalts flows could bulldoze to form the regional distributed peperites(~360 Ma).A little later,in the early Carboniferous(~340 Ma),continent-continent collision took place between the Junggar block and the Yemaquan arc,and Kalamaili ophiolite obduction occurred in the eastern part of Junggar block.The remnant ocean basin was preserved in the western part of the Junggar Block.Accompanying the relative motion between Junggar block and ocean basin in West Junggar during collision,a series of NW trending sinistral strike-slip faults were triggered and activated parallel to the western boundary of the Junggar block.During the late stage of the Early Carboniferous(~320 Ma),the remnant ocean basin was almost filled with sediments.The collision between the Yili and Junggar blocks at the beginning of the late Carboniferous reactivated the strike-slip faults,which disrupted the oceanic crust and basin-fill successions and caused diapirs of serpentinite to form the Baijiantan and Darbut ophiolitic mélanges.The emplacement of Upper Carboniferous(~310 Ma)stitching A-type granitoid plutons indicates the evolutionary history of the remnant ocean basin and strike-slip fault zone ophiolitic mélanges terminated by that time.

Late Cenozoic Normal Faulting on the Western Side of Wenquan Graben, Central Qianghai-Xizang(Tibet) Plateau

A near NS-strike east-dipping normal fault is developed on the western side of Wenquan graben in the central Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet) Plateau. It is the western marginal fault of the graben and has been intensely active. It is a product of the near EW extension and deformation of the central northern Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet) Plateau since the late Cenozoic under the effect of the collision of the India and Eurasia plates. Since the late Cenozoic, the maximum vertical displacement on the fault was greater than 2.1km, and the dislocated Mesozoic fold stratum reveals a maximum accumulative throw of 6.0±2.2km. Quaternary faulting took place many times along the fault, creating multi-set piedmont fault facets and multi-level fault scarplets. According to the height of fault scarps that result from the vertical offset of the late Quaternary strata and geomorphic provinces, the maximum slip rate of the fault is estimated to have been less than 1.2mm/a since the late Quaternary, averaging 0.45mm/a. The trenching across the fault reveals that at least 3 paleoearthquakes of varied magnitudes have occurred since the late Epipleistocene. In view of the characteristics of Cenozoic faulting, it is concluded that the fault will act as a dominant seismogenic fault for earthquakes of M6.0 to M7.0 that are most likely to occur in the future.

CENOZOIC LARGE-SCALE STRIKE-SLIP FAULT IN WEST YUNNAN, CHINA

During the collision between India and Eurasia, the continental compression and shorten is thought to be absorbed by the way of thickening of the Tibetan plateau crust and strike\|slip extrusion outwardly of blocks surrounding the Tibetan plateau. A series of models have been proposed recently, of which the most typical one is continental blocks extrusion by Tapponnier et al.. Virtually previous studies show that the Red River—Ailaoshan fault is the eastern boundary of extrusion Indochina displaced southward relative to South China about 23 Ma ago, and more, the western boundary of extrusion blocks is inferred to be Sijie fault in the eastern Burma. But the movement age of Sijie fault is around 13 Ma inferred from the age of Andeman Sea formation and different from that of the Red River—Ailaoshan fault. It is an important scientific problem where the western boundary of extrusion blocks is.

Study on Active Faults and Seismogenic Structure for the 1989 Batang M6.2～6.7 Earthquake Swarm in the Litang-Batang Region of West Sichuan,China

Fault structures in the Litang-Batang region of West Sichuan are mainly sub-longitudinal and a set of NNE- and NW-trending conjugate shear fracture zones is developed. In this paper, emphasis is put on explaining the movement patterns along the fault structures in the region since the late Pleistocene-Holocene on the basis of detailed interpretation of TM satellite images and aero-photos in geomorphologic aspect of active structures. The sub-latitudinal shortening rate along the sub-longitudinal Jinshajiang fault zone is determined to be 2～3mm/a since the late Quaternary, the horizontal dextral slip movement rate along the NNE-trending Batang fault is 1.3～2.7mm/a on average, and the horizontal sinistral slip movement rate along the NW-trending Litang fault is 2.6～4.4 mm/a on average. The general status of the recent crustal movement in the region and the regularities of block motion caused by it are analyzed in combination with data of geophysical fields, focal mechanism solutions and GPS measurements. The occurrence of the 1989 Batang M6.2～6.7 earthquake swarm is suggested to be the result of tensional rupture along the sub-latitudinal normal fault derived from the conjugate shearing along the NNE-trending Batang and the NW-trending Litang faults. It reveals a typical seismic case produced by normal faulting in a compressional tectonic environment.

基于GNSS的西秦岭北缘断裂带现今活动特征研究

基于1999~2007年、2009~2013年、2013~2017年和2017~2021年共4期GNSS地壳运动速度场构建GNSS速度剖面,分析西秦岭北缘断裂带各次级断裂现今地壳差异运动特征,并进一步建立负位错模型反演获取各次级断裂现今闭锁程度与滑动亏损速率。结果表明:1)西秦岭北缘断裂带现今整体呈现出以左旋走滑为主、兼逆冲挤压的活动特征。2)1999~2007年,锅麻滩段和天水-宝鸡段整体处于强闭锁状态,漳县段和鸳凤段仅部分区段闭锁且闭锁程度较低,闭锁深度也较浅;2009~2013年,西秦岭北缘断裂带中段闭锁程度有所减弱,鸳凤段东部与天水-宝鸡段东部由较强闭锁转变为蠕滑状态,锅麻滩段和天水-宝鸡段中西部依然呈强闭锁状态;2013~2017年,西秦岭北缘断裂带整体处于较强闭锁状态,仅天水-宝鸡段东部呈蠕滑状态;2017~2021年,锅麻滩段中西部、漳县段、鸳凤段东部和天水-宝鸡段中部处于较强闭锁状态,鸳凤段中西部与天水-宝鸡段西部则呈蠕滑状态。3)各次级断裂滑动亏损速率整体分布特征与断裂闭锁程度基本一致。西秦岭北缘断裂带锅麻滩段和天水-宝鸡段中部现今处于较强闭锁状态,具有较强的应变能累积背景。

西秦岭夏河断裂的西延活动特征——兼论2017年青海泽库M_S4.9地震成因

2017年青海泽库M_S4.9地震的震中位于走向南北的日月山断裂附近,而小震优势排列和震源机制解却和日月山断裂矛盾。本文通过活动断裂遥感解译和野外考察,在震中附近发现了EW走向和NW走向的断裂,它们属于夏河断裂西端构造,EW走向断裂倾向N,其运动性质兼具左旋走滑和逆冲。同时,我们使用双差定位方法对泽库M_S4.9地震开展重定位,发现小震排列也呈NW和EW两段,横跨EW走向段的小震指示倾向N的断层面。通过对比夏河断裂西端构造和地震排列特征,我们发现夏河断裂的三维几何和运动性质与小震排列和震源机制具有良好的对应关系。因此,我们推测夏河断裂是泽库M_S4.9地震的发震断裂。结合区域构造背景分析,我们认为夏河断裂可能是西秦岭北缘断裂西端帚状散开的分支之一,此次地震可能代表西秦岭北缘断裂西端的构造活动,同时也可能受到日月山断裂右旋剪切的影响。本文研究结果进一步凸显了鉴定构造活跃区次级先存断裂新活动特征、完善区域活动构造图像的意义。

西秦岭夏河-合作地区断裂构造分形结构特征及成矿预测

西秦岭夏河-合作地区是中国重要的金矿及多金属矿床开发地带,区内断裂构造复杂,构造控矿作用显著。文章利用分形理论方法对夏河-合作地区不同方向断裂构造作定量分析,统计计算断裂构造容量维和信息维,结合矿床空间分布分形特征和矿床Fry分析,探讨研究区构造分形特征及断裂与矿床的空间展布关系。研究结果表明,研究区全部断裂容量维1.2374,北东向断裂容量维0.8229,北西向断裂容量维1.2296,近东西向断裂容量维1.0312,全部断裂容量和北西向断裂容量维处于断裂分形临界值(1.22~1.38)区域,显示研究区断裂构造连通性较好。研究区全部断裂信息维1.1118,北东向断裂信息维1.018,北西向断裂信息维1.2296,近东西向断裂信息维1.0217,北西向断裂信息维处于断裂分形临界值区域,反映北西向对矿床的控制最强。断裂构造分形维数可以表征矿床的沉积部位,以容量维、信息维等值线图以及Fry图划分出3个有利成矿区。

Intra-continental deformation and tectonic evolution of the West Junggar Orogenic Belt,Central Asia:Evidence from remote sensing and structural geological analyses

The West Junggar Orogenic Belt(WJOB)in northwestern Xinjiang,China,is located in the core of the western part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB).It has suffered two stage tectonic evolutions in Phanerozoic,before and after the ocean–continental conversion in Late Paleozoic.The later on intracontinental deformation,characterized by the development of the NE-trending West Junggar sinistral strike-slip fault system(WJFS)since Late Carboniferous and Early Permian,and the NW-trending Chingiz-Junggar dextral strike-slip fault(CJF)in Mesozoic and Cenozoic,has an important significance for the tectonic evolution of the WJOB and the CAOB.In this paper,we conduct geometric and kinematic analyses of the WJOB,based on field geological survey and structural interpretation of remote sensing image data.Using some piercing points such as truncated plutons and anticlines,an average magnitude of^73 km for the left-lateral strike-slip is calculated for the Darabut Fault,a major fault of the WJFS.Some partial of the displacement should be accommodated by strike-slip fault-related folds developed during the strike-slip faulting.Circular and curved faults,asymmetrical folds,and irregular contribution of ultramafic bodies,implies potential opposite vertical rotation of the Miao’ergou and the Akebasitao batholiths,resulted from the sinistral strike-slipping along the Darabut Fault.Due to conjugate shearing set of the sinistral WJFS and the dextral CJF since Early Mesozoic,superimposed folds formed with N–S convergence in southwestern part of the WJOB.

渤中8-4油田“S”型走滑转换带特征及其对浅层油气侧封的控制作用

新构造运动在渤海海域表现强烈,形成了渤中凹陷特有的走滑构造体系和浅层油气藏。前人研究集中在走滑运动论证和走滑转换带类型探讨上,缺乏对走滑构造带控藏作用的精细研究。利用地震资料,结合油田实例,探讨了渤中8-4油田走滑转换带特征和对油气侧封的控制作用。研究认为,渤中8-4油田主断裂为“S”型走滑转换带,发育释压带和增压带两类转换带。释压带地层陡,圈闭不发育,是油气由深向浅的充注段;增压带地层缓,背形特征清晰,低幅断鼻、断块圈闭集中发育,为油气汇聚区。建立了走滑断裂封闭指数以定量表征走滑转换带的侧封能力,通过近20个油田的统计分析,认为可以把走滑断裂封闭指数4作为走滑断层侧封的临界值。该成果为富砂背景下的浅层油气勘探工作提供了一种新的方法和思路。

A quantitative research for present-time crustal motion in Fujian Province, China and its marginal sea── Synthetical analysis of GPS measurement, fault deformation survey, leveling and focal mechanism solution

Based on the Chinese mainland GPS network (1994~1996), Fujian GPS network (1995~1997), cross fault deformation network (1982-1998), precise leveling network (1973~1980) and focal mechanism solutions of the recent several tens years, we synthetically and quantitatively studied the present-time crustal motion of the southeast coast of Chinese mainland-Fujian and its marginal sea. We find that this area with its mainland together moves toward SE with a rather constant velocity of 11 .2±3.0 mm/a. At the same time, there is a motion from the Quanzhou bay pointing to hinterland, with a major orientation of NW, extending toward two sides, and with an average velocity of 3.0±2.6 mm/a. The faults orienting NE show compressing motions, and the ones orienting NW show extending motions. The present-time strain field derived from crustal deformation is consistent with seismic stress field derived from the focal mechanism solutions and the tectonic stress field derived from geology data. The principal stress of compression orients NW (NWW) - SE (SEE). Demarcated by the NW orienting faults of the Quanzhou bay and Jinjiang-Yongan, the crustal motions show regional characteristics f the southwest of Fujian and the boundary of Fujian and Guangdong are areas of rising, the northeast of Fujian are areas of sinking. The horizontal strain rate and the fault motion of the former are both greater than the later. The side-transferring motion of Hymalaya collision zone and the compression of the west pacific subduction zone affect the motion of the research area. The amount of motion affected by the former is larger than the later, but the former is homogeneous and the later is not, which indicates that the events of strong earthquakes in this region relate more directly with western pacific subduction zone.

火山岩内幕型储层特征与主控因素——以准噶尔盆地滴南凸起滴水泉西断裂下盘为例

随着火山岩油气藏勘探开发的持续推进,已证实在距离火山岩风化壳较深的“内幕”同样具有形成大规模油气藏的潜力,但由于其成储机理与风化壳储层截然不同,目前对火山岩内幕型储层特征、主控因素及分布规律的相关研究仍处于起步阶段。文章以准噶尔盆地滴南凸起滴水泉西断裂下盘为例,基于岩心薄片、物性、测井及地震资料,开展火山岩内幕型储层识别与深度划分、岩性岩相及物性特征分析,明确火山岩内幕型储层发育的主控因素。研究结果表明:(1)内幕型储层主要分布在不整合面以下250~600m的范围内。(2)有利岩相(岩性)主要为爆发相热基浪亚相(含角砾凝灰岩)、爆发相空落相亚相(凝灰岩质角砾岩)。(3)储集空间以溶蚀孔为主,其次为构造缝。(4)有利储层主要控制因素为古地貌、断裂分布、火山口分布、火山喷发期次等,具体表现为:火山口附近相对低洼的凹槽带是内幕型储层发育的有利场所;近火山口处及断裂附近内幕型储层相对发育;内幕型储层纵向分布受火山活动旋回的影响,上覆烃源岩层的火山岩内幕岩体更容易被改造为内幕型储层。

西藏阿里阿鲁错地堑系的第四纪活动性、最新同震地表破裂及其地震地质意义

藏北高原非常薄弱的活断层调查程度和不完整的历史地震资料等,限制了对青藏高原内部活动构造的变形机制及强震活动特征等问题的深入认识。文中通过综合地质、遥感和地震等资料对阿里北部进行详细的活断层解译,重点对阿鲁错地堑系南段昆楚克错地堑西侧边界正断层的第四纪活动性、新发现的最新同震地表破裂及其震级与形成时间等进行了深入分析。研究结果表明,阿里北部第四纪期间以近EW向伸展变形为主,发育了以近SN向正断层和由NW向与NE向走滑断层构成的共轭走滑断层为主的高密度活断层系统。沿昆楚克错地堑西缘主边界正断层新发现的最新同震地表破裂整体沿NNW向雁列展布,总长约400m,最大垂直位移约0.8m,平均垂直位移为0.3~0.4m。结合历史地震记录和经典的“地表破裂位移与震级”统计关系式推断,该破裂应是震源深度为35km的1955年革吉县纳屋错东M_(W)6.5强震事件的结果。综合该地表破裂的发育特点推断,震源深度对地表破裂参数存在显著影响,震源偏深时的地表破裂长度可远小于震源破裂的最大长度,表明在活断层的地震复发模式研究中应注意随机性较强的断层局部破裂行为或小位移破裂事件。

西准噶尔地区托里断裂晚第四纪构造变形

受新生代印度-欧亚板块碰撞的远程效应影响,西准噶尔地区平行斜列的走滑断裂系统被重新激活。托里断裂作为其中重要的组成部分,获取其晚第四纪构造变形特征对于认识和理解天山以北区域的构造变形和地壳缩短吸收方式都具有重要意义。文中基于野外调查结果和无人机三维重建技术分析了托里断裂晚第四纪的构造变形特征,并利用光释光测年方法对托里断裂的地貌面期次进行定年,进而通过冲沟和阶地陡坎等标志性地貌的位错量和地貌年龄计算托里断裂的晚第四纪活动速率。研究结果表明:托里断裂由东、西2支分支断裂构成,均以左旋水平走滑为主。东支断裂使喀普舍克河T3和T2阶地分别产生了(89±31)m和(39±13)m的水平位错量,结合T3阶地(52.9±5.1)ka和T2阶地(23.4±1.5)ka的形成年龄,计算得到其活动速率约为(1.7±0.8)mm/a;西支断裂使铁斯巴汗河T2阶地产生了(34.0±6.8)m的水平位错量以及喀普舍克河T3阶地上最大为(37.5-4.1/+2.7)m的冲沟水平位错量,结合T2阶地(18.8±1.3)ka的形成年龄,计算得到其活动速率为(1.8+0.5/-1.3)mm/a。结合前人对塔城东断裂的研究结果分析认为,西准噶尔地区的平行左旋走滑断裂系统具有书斜构造模型的特点,并通过断裂系的平行走滑运动吸收了西准噶尔地区大部分挤压缩短量,在控制该区域SN向地壳缩短过程中发挥了重要作用。

西秦岭北缘断裂带土壤气定点观测台站建设分析

介绍西秦岭北缘断裂带土壤气观测台站的设计思路、建设内容以及运行情况,并通过一年来观测数据的分析认为,各观测台站断层土壤气体背景值稳定,观测数据合理可靠,且3个观测站同一测项的变化形态具有相似性、同步性,并在榆中M_(S)3.6、玛多M_(S)7.4和门源M_(S)6.9地震前出现同步异常响应,表明西秦岭北缘断裂带土壤气具有反映区域构造应力变化的潜力。同时断层土壤气定点观测台站的建设方案与技术指标为后期组建断层土壤气观测台网提供借鉴和参考,为进一步推广应用奠定良好基础。

小江断裂带西支中南段断裂与地震活动性

根据野外的实地调查与探槽开挖,对小江西支断裂中南段杨林—前所、乌纳—阳宗海、阳宗海—澄江等分支断裂的展布特征、活动性进行研究.结果表明:3条分支断裂作多重左阶斜列展布,第四纪活动以左旋走滑为主兼有倾向运动;其中杨林—前所、乌纳—阳宗海断裂全新世以来左旋走滑活动强烈,为公元1833年嵩明8级大震的发震断裂.阳宗海—澄江断裂全新世活动显著,为公元1750年澄江61/4级地震的发震构造.

西昆仑苏巴什地区航磁反映的地质构造特征

研究区位于昆仑山山脉西部,横跨塔里木盆地、昆仑山造山带、可可西里—松潘前陆盆地三个级构造单元,构造上处于古亚洲与特提斯两大构造域的结合部位,区域地质条件复杂,构造运动强烈,岩浆活动频繁,区内地层发育齐全,岩浆岩分布广泛。1:50000高精度航磁数据,磁场面貌清晰,信息丰富,特征明显,展现了多个不同磁场背景与磁异常特征区,不同特征的磁场是构造、岩浆活动以及地层分布等信息的综合体现。

西秦岭北缘断裂带断层土壤气观测分析

对西秦岭北缘断裂带定点台站(马窑、毛集、原家庄)断层土壤气氡、二氧化碳、痕量氢、甲烷观测资料使用正常动态分析方法,从潮汐、气温、气压、降雨方面进行对比分析。分析结果表明:断层土壤气体背景值稳定,与气温呈正相关,与气压呈负相关;断层土壤气能够反应固体潮潮汐变化;气氡、痕量氢和甲烷在地震前表现出明显的临震特点。

陆坡逆冲-变换构造对重力流水道的控制作用——以西非陆坡某区中新统深水沉积体系为例

重力流水道是深水油气勘探的重要目标之一,近年来的勘探实践揭示了陆坡逆冲构造区重力流水道复杂的分布特征。以西非陆坡某研究区为例,综合应用地质和地震资料,阐明逆冲-变换构造微地貌的类型、成因和对重力流水道的控制作用。中新世由重力滑动作用引发的逆冲断层主导了研究区地貌格局。东、西2套逆冲断裂体系沿下伏厚层超压泥岩中不同深度的滑脱面发育,导致位移缩短量不同,这是二者构造样式与活动强度差异的主因。不同逆冲断裂体系间的位移量差异及沿单一逆冲断层走向的位移量变化使研究区内发育多种变换构造。从成因的角度归纳出在逆冲-变换构造的综合作用下发育5种微地貌样式:三角形断背斜、捩断层-底辟背斜、逆断层连接沟谷、捩断层斜坡和走向凹槽。同期重力流水道在逆冲-变换构造微地貌的影响下表现出遇障碍转向、穿越断层相关构造和两侧受限制等3种分布样式:三角形断背斜和捩断层-底辟背斜使顺陆坡方向的重力流水道转向;逆断层连接沟谷和捩断层斜坡边缘使重力流水道容易从此处穿越;走向凹槽将重力流水道限制于其中。该研究为针对重力流水道储层的地震解释提供了一种新的思路。