Welding technique studies on the “West-East” pipeline project

This paper described the work of welding process design for the ＂ West-East＂ pipeline project, which is high pressure, large diameter and heavy wall thickness. According to the different geographical situation, climate, culture and the flexibility of the welding methods, this work recommended the semi-automatic process at the east and middle sections and automatic process at the west section of the pipeline project. The manual process is recommended on the tie-in joints and repairs. The double joint pipe and the 3 joint pipe are recommended at the water net place and some in-ditch welding place to reduce the welding volume. Also the special redesigned bevels are recommended for the automatic process and the semiautomatic process. Through all destructive tests, the results shows the welds are meet the requirements of related standards, specifications and design documents.

The West-East Jade Transmission and the Formation of Chinese Civilization

The major program of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences completed in 2012, entitled “The Research on Myths and Legends about Chinese Civilization Source”, led to such a conclusion: The imaginative myths and legends generated along with the Chinese civilization has a profound prehistoric root, far beyond the limit of the Chinese character generation period. The main path of Chinese myths and legends lies in the jade mythology and resulting jade belief. When viewing the origin of jade from a perspective of mythology, we find each major jade (e.g., jade ring, jade arc) form is covertly driven by a mythological concept. The investigation of the era and regional distribution of unearthed jade wares may outline the spreading path map of the jade mythology and belief.

Social and Economic Bene-fits of the West-East Gas Pipeline Project

On July 4 2002, a project attracting world attention, i.e., the West-East Gas Pipeline Project was declared in full-scale commencement. The project will write history with its enormous social and economic benefits.

West-East Gas Project Operational This Year

China’s massive project to transfer natural gas from the Tarim Basin of Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region all the way to the coastal metropolis of Shanghai in the east will go into commercial operation on Dec. 30, according to the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC).

Research & Development of Grade X70 LSAW Steel Pipes for West-East Gas Pipeline

In this article the research and development of X70 large diameter longitudinal seam submerged arc welded (LSAW) steel pipes for West East Gas Transportation Pipeline project (WEGTP) in China are introduced, including the key technique, fabrication of pipe production line, mass production and the latest progress of LSAW steel pipe technique.

Manufacturing Technology Research and Appraisal of Large-Diameter SSAW Pipe Applied to the West-East Pipeline Project

This paper introduced the research and development of large-diameter SSAW pipes applied to West-East Pipeline project as well as domestic acicular ferrite pipeline steel of X70 grade. Its microstructure analysis was performed in comparison with the pipeline steel of a foreign steel plant (SPC). This paper introduced the research of welding procedures prior to SSAW pipe making and some new procedures and technologies used for West-East Pipeline Project, and appraised the practical level of Large-diameter SSAW pipe applied to the West-East Pipeline Project.

The Technical Specification and Physical Performance Level of Line Pipes for West-East Gas Pipeline

The west east gas transmission engineering is an important project attracting domestic and foreign attention. The gas pipeline used in this project is a gas pipeline with the longest distance, largest pipe diameter and highest transmission pressure in the history of petroleum pipeline construction of China. For the construction of top rank gas pipeline in the world with high standard, high speed and high benefit, the key of specifying production of metallurgical and pipe making enterprises and ensuring quality performance of the steel and steel pipe is to research and formulate a feasible and satisfactory technical Specification for engineering steel and steel pipe with international level. In this paper the author introduces the establishment of the technical specification for West East gas pipeline project, and lays emphasis on the analysis and discussion of principle and method determining major technical indexes related to line pipes for West East gas pipeline. The author also introduces actual material selection of gas pipeline home and abroad, and presents examination and application of the technical specification for West-East gas pipeline.

The Studies of the Welding Processes and Procedures on the West-East Pipeline Project

The West East pipeline project attracted the attention from all over the world for its long distance, huge diameter, complex geographic conditions, and diversified welding techniques being applied.In this paper the detail welding process and procedures used in the project are discussed and the distinguished achievements on welding techniques of China pipeline construction are described.

Study and Application of Internal Coating Technique to Drag Reduction of the Trunk Pipeline for the West-East Gas Pipeline

Coverage layer coated in the internal wall of pipeline enables the friction drag to be reduced, the throughput and the gas transmission efficiency to be increased, the frequency of pigging and the number of the intermediate compressor station to be reduced, and the power consumption of the compressor to be decreased etc. The drag reduction is a high advanced scientific technique with outstanding economical benefit. The study and application of internal coating technique for drag reduction of 4000 km trunk pipeline in West East gas transmission pipeline (WEGTP) project are described, in which the main points are the drag reduction principle, coating process and the indoor study of this technique with own decided knowledge property right at home.

Application of New Techniques, Materials and Technologies in West-East Gas Transportation Pipeline Project

With the application of new techniques, materials and technologies in West East Gas Transportation Pipeline (WEGTP) project, the design concept of domestic pipeline industrial construction has been updated, speeding up the development and improvement of the strength as a whole in aspects of smelting industry, pipe fabrication, pipeline construction and equipment manufacture,making China’s pipeline industry catch up with the trend of development of the world advanced level.

稳健驾驭:巨型工程的国家治理逻辑及其实现--以“西气东输”项目为例

巨型工程因其超大规模引发复杂性治理难题,需要国家的全面介入与稳健驾驭。西气东输工程的案例研究显示,超大的工程规模会导致决策的信息缺失与方案模糊问题,以及工程建设中的项目集成交互和多主体协同困境等治理难题。为解决这些难题,国家通过战略框定与工程目标建构,以国家意志塑造巨型工程战略纵深与社会合法性;通过方案最优化决策与群体智慧支持,以集体理性弥合理想最优方案与群体决策结果的差距;以领导小组统筹部署、高层权威推动和政治性协调,整合碎片化治理权威,形成有效的府际治理合力;通过国家主导的组织结构网络,国家权力深刻嵌入工程建设场域,以国家能力的积极运作实现管理协同。巨型工程的国家治理逻辑可概括为全面介入、战略统筹、稳健驾驭和有效治理,其研究有助于拓展巨型工程治理的国家理论,加深对中国巨型工程治理和决策过程的理解。

共同富裕目标下东西部协作机制重构研究

东西部协作是推动区域协调发展、协同发展、共同发展,从而实现共同富裕的大战略、大举措。党的十八大以来,东西部协作和对口支援的规模不断扩大、路径不断拓宽,西部地区全面建设小康社会成果显著。进入新发展阶段,要实现党的二十大报告提出的全体人民共同富裕的中国式现代化要求,东西部协作机制需要释放“倍增效应”。为此,需要响应以巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接为起点,以缩小东西部区域城乡差距和群体收入差距为导向,以协同推进全国统一大市场建设为路径,遵循共同富裕目标下东西部协作机制的重构逻辑,以东西部协作机制重构赋能乡村振兴与区域协调发展。新发展阶段,以东西部协作机制重构赋能共同富裕,要推动“产业+园区”协作治理模式提档升级,强化“消费+就业”协作治理模式创新,探索“资源+服务”协作治理模式。

俄乌冲突下北极地区安全面临的新形势及对中国的影响

在俄乌冲突爆发前,北极已经呈现出“再军事化”愈演愈烈、北极东西方维持微妙平衡和域外国家大规模介入北极事务的态势。俄乌冲突发生后,北极地区受其影响,形势发生了多边合作机制破裂、北欧国家集体“北约化”打破北极东西方平衡、域外国家将在北极事务中发挥更大作用、美国的北极影响力迅速扩大等新问题。俄乌冲突也对中国在北极的活动造成了影响。美国将中国渲染成地缘政治威胁,歪曲中国北极形象,并与其他西方国家在北极事务中孤立俄罗斯,迫使中国站队,然而,北极合作机制的重建、北极东西平衡关系的修复,使得俄罗斯对华依赖加强,间接赋予了中国扩大参与北极事务的机遇。

全球化叙事与汉学的问题意识

自20世纪90年代初全球史研究于国际学界兴起之后,当代汉学与中国研究领域便对之做出了迅速的回应,并以独特的问题意识与叙事方式嵌入这场事关“总局”的研究进程中,不仅重构了人们对中国与世界关系的认知,也为全景式的全球史研究提供了一颇具分量的侧角。为对这些持续呈现的论述做一系统化的梳理,有必要将之解析与提炼为两个有所分化的视角,即以西方全球化为主导的普遍主义叙述及带有泛亚化特征且“以中国为中心”的区域主义叙述,就此可以见到,尽管后者也构成了与前者的某种互补与抵消关系,但也证明了在对待全球化与中国关系时人们持有的多重立场与态度。在此基础上,也需对一些新近出现的扩充性态势做出补充描述与评述。

“东西成垄,一垄一行,弓背朝南”栽培对草莓生长与品质的影响

为了确定东西垄单行栽植模式在草莓生产中应用的可能性,以草莓品种‘雪里香’和‘雪沁香’为试材,研究了东西垄单行和南北垄双行两种栽培模式对草莓植株表型、光合特性、果实品质及产量的影响。结果表明:东西垄单行栽植叶面积、根系活力、根直径显著优于南北垄双行栽植,而株高和叶柄长则相反;叶绿素含量、光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、二氧化碳(CO_(2))浓度均在不同程度上高于南北垄双行栽植,且表现稳定;东西垄单行栽植显著提升了草莓果实可溶性糖、可溶性固形物及可溶性蛋白的含量,并在一定程度上降低了可滴定酸含量。综合来看,东西垄单行栽植显著促进了草莓植株生长,提高了产量和品质。

夏季南亚高压东-西振荡过程中青藏高原及周边上对流层水汽的分布和传输特征

夏季南亚高压的“双模态”分布对应着其中心位置在10~20天准双周时间尺度上的东—西振荡,对青藏高原及周边上对流层的水汽分布和传输有显著影响。本文利用夏季7~8月逐日的ERAI再分析资料,通过基于南亚高压东—西振荡指数的位相合成分析发现,当南亚高压呈青藏高原模态时,青藏高原(伊朗高原)地区上对流层水汽含量异常偏高(低),伊朗高原模态时则相反;伴随南亚高压中心位置由青藏高原向西移至伊朗高原上空,上对流层水汽含量正异常中心亦自青藏高原东侧向西逐渐传播到伊朗高原以西地区。进一步诊断表明,除了在青藏高原北侧和南侧水汽经向绝热输送异常有抵消作用外,两高原地区上对流层水汽倾向异常主要由水汽纬向绝热输送异常及其辐合辐散异常所贡献,而青藏高原地区对流活动引起的垂直非绝热输送异常在上对流层则主要与剩余项(水汽的凝结和蒸发)相抵消。因此,青藏高原(伊朗高原)上对流层为水汽含量正异常时对应着青藏高原上空的对流活动异常偏弱(强)。而南亚高压中心位置和上对流层水汽含量正异常中心自青藏高原向伊朗高原移动的过程,对应着青藏高原地区的对流活动异常和垂直向上的水汽非绝热输送异常不断增强,同时上对流层水汽凝结异常也不断增强。此外,南亚高压向西移动过程中,上对流层水汽绝热辐合(辐散)异常主要发生在其西(东)侧,这是造成水汽含量异常中心纬向传播的主要原因。

迈向共同富裕的东西部协作机制演进与行动路径——以1996年至2022年间闽宁协作为例

东西部协作为缓解西部地区温饱问题、消除绝对贫困与缩小区域发展差距贡献了重要的制度力量。不同于已有研究多从府际合作及横向转移支付视角探讨对口支援与东西部协作的制度设计与实践过程,本文构建了迈向共同富裕的东西部协作理论分析框架,并引入制度性集体行动分析框架对各阶段东西部协作的协作困境与机制演进展开整体论述。基于闽宁协作1996—2022年联席会议纪要与调研事实,总结出达成发展共识、互学互助、产业协作、人才交流与社会动员等五个行动路径,并对如何助力形成益贫性经济增长、包容性社会发展和多维度扶贫开发的可持续减贫格局进行分析。这些发现既有助于启示发展中国家未来实现可持续发展目标的贫困协同治理,也可为中国在共同富裕目标下进一步优化东西部协作制度促进乡村全面振兴提供参考。

乡村振兴背景下“东数西算”赋能甘肃省数字乡村发展研究

运用文献资料和逻辑数据分析等研究方法,在乡村振兴背景下,研究了“东数西算”赋能甘肃省数字乡村发展问题。针对“东数西算”赋能甘肃省数字乡村发展中存在的数字农业发展总体滞后、乡村数字化治理缺乏整体规划和人才流失严重等问题,建议利用“东数西算”项目建立数字化平台,促进数字农业农村发展,实现高效能数字乡村治理,多措并举吸引和保留高质量数字人才,推动甘肃省农业和乡村的现代化发展。

化学储氢介质实现“西氢东送”的可行性研究

氢能是实现能源安全和“双碳”目标的重要途径,是全球新能源发展的重要方向之一。我国西部地区可再生能源丰富,绿氢制备潜力大,但能源消费主要集中在东部地区,供需错配问题突出,研究开展“西氢东送”能有效缓解我国资源错配问题,促进我国氢能产业高质量发展。本文阐述了实施“西氢东送”的必要性,介绍了气态、液态、化学储氢介质、固态及有机液体储运技术路径,从技术特点、技术成熟度、标准体系和市场应用4个方面进行了技术可行性分析比较,提出以化学储氢介质、液氢、管道输氢为近期、中期、远期实现“西氢东送”可行的技术路径。再进一步以甘肃省酒泉市运输至上海市为实例,分别以绿氨、绿色甲醇、液氢和管道输氢为“西氢东送”实现路径,构建包括制氢、介质、运输、还原和配送各环节的供应链模型,通过测算供应链全过程综合成本,分析比较了经济可行性。综合研究表明,近期通过成熟的绿氨及绿色甲醇作为储运介质、中期逐步发展液氢运输方式、远期建设大规模长距离输氢管道,是我国实现“西氢东送”的可行路径。