New Bivalved Arthropods from the Cambrian(Series 3, Drumian Stage) of Western Hunan, South China

We report two new three-dimensionally phosphatized microfossils, Cambrolongispina reticulata gen. et sp. nov. and Cambrolongispina glabra gen. et sp. nov., from the middle Cambrian （Series 3, Drumian Stage） at Wangcun, Yongshun County, western Hunan, South China. They are bivalved arthropods, with thin, pliable, originally chitinous or chitin-calcareous shields （c. 350-517 I1 m long）. The shields are equipped with a pair of antero-dorsal spines. The spines are internally hollow, varying in length from 1/2 of to as long as the shield length in C. reticulata, and uniformly longer than the shield length in C. glabra. The spines of C. reticulata are ornamented with a longitudinal row of conical or blade-shaped denticles along the posterior edge. Cambrolongispina lacks marginal rims, valve lobation and sulci which are diagnostic of the Bradoriida sensu stricto. It also lacks a donblure/duplicature characteristic of phosphatocopids and some bradoriids. It could be related to the Monasteriidae （which may belong to Bradoriida sensu lato）, both characterized by a pair of antero-dorsal spines. Cambrolongispina may have been meiofaunai detritus feeders that lived on or within sediments. The antero-dorsal spines may have been sensory organs to detect nearby predators. The posterior denticles on these spines might have facilitated the sensory function of the spines.

Ore-Forming Material Sources of the Shizishan Pb-Zn Deposit in Western Hunan Province,China

Objective The Shizishan Pb-Zn deposit is located in the southeastern margin of the Yangtze Block,and its Pb-Zn orebodies are mainly hosted in the Lower Cambrian Qingxudong Formation limestone.Previous researches have investigated the geological characteristics,geochemistry and fluid inclusions of this deposit.

Tuntian System in Miao Region of Western Hunan in Independent Subprefecture Period

After the Miao insurgence in the Qianlong and Jiaqing periods,the government of Qing Dynasty directly raised four separate subprefectures to the independent subprefecture( Zhili Ting),and the state power penetrated into villages of Miao People. The success of this strategy lies in adjustment of Qing government to taxation mode in Miao Region of Western Hunan,which formed the taxation mechanism dependent on Tuntian system. This has both the background of the times and the foresight and sagacity of designers,and shows unique rationalist spirit of the Confucian culture.

Research on the Importance of Monetary Work to the Political Development of the Western Hunan and Hubei Base Areas

During the seven years revolution in the Western Hunan Hubei revolutionary base,currency experienced four stages of construction and development,and became the economic tool of revolutionary regime,and made considerable contribution;however,the importance of politics to financial work is obvious here.Due to the mistakes caused by the left leaning in the revolutionary work,the monetary work in the revolutionary base area in Western Hunan and Hubei has been seriously affected the final result of the influence is to withdraw from the circulation field with the transfer of the main body of the revolutionary team.

Structural deformation, metallogenic epoch and genetic mechanism of the Woxi Au-Sb-W deposit, Western Hunan Province, South China

The remobilization,migration,precipitation,and enrichment of ore-forming elements are closely related to structures.Therefore,detailed regional and ore-field structural analyses are critical for determining the genesis of a mineral deposit.The Jiangnan Orogenic Belt(JOB)is an important gold polymetallic metallogenic belt in South China,which is characterized by multiple periods of gold mineralization in the Paleozoic and Mesozoic.However,the genesis of these gold polymetallic deposits is still not well understood due to a lack of systematic research on the regional geology,ore-controlling structures and metallogenic mechanism.In this study,a detailed structural survey at the surface and in the subsurface tunnels was conducted on the Woxi Au-Sb-W deposit,the genesis of which is relatively controversial among the gold polymetallic deposits in the JOB due to poor structural constraints.In addition,a wolframite U-Pb dating was carried out to further constrain the relationship between structures and mineralization.Based on the results of these studies,together with those from previous studies,it is proposed that the Woxi deposit and surrounding areas likely underwent six periods of regional deformation,which are constrained in time and geodynamic setting.Furthermore,we present a systematic discussion on the roles of ore-controlling structures in the transportation,distribution,and deposition of ore-forming elements and localization of orebodies.According to the wolframite dating results,structural analyses,and previous data,we propose that the Woxi Au-Sb-W deposit was formed in two stages during the Yanshanian:a W(wolframite)-Au mineralization stage at ca.140 Ma and an Au-Sb-W(scheelite)mineralization stage at<130 Ma.These mineralizing events are interpreted to have a tight relationship with tectonic reactivation,and the ore-forming fluids were derived from deep sources,including those of magmatic or metamorphic origins.The Woxi deposit can therefore be classified as an“intracontinental reactivation-type”,and the mineralization is related to lithospheric extension caused by plate retreat,retention,and delamination following the cessation of westward subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate beneath the East Asian continent.

MICROFOSSILS FROM LATE PROTEROZOIC MANGANESE ORE DEPOSITS IN WESTERN HUNAN PROVINCE AND EASTERN GUIZHOU PROVINCE, SOUTH CHINA

Abundant microfossils and organic residuals have been discovered by SEM and normal palynological maceration from manganese ore beds intercalated in late Proterozoic glacial rock units in western Hunan Province and eastern Guizhou Province. Taking isotopic dating into consideration, the age of manganese ore deposits in both regions is suggested to be about 750 Ma. A distinct character is that a great quantity of colonial microfossil——Sphaerocongregus (or Bavlinella) and their degradational variants have been obtained from rhodochrosite. Their biological and biochemical functions, combined with the geochemical effect of manganese in different ways, may play an important role in the manganese cycle.

TECTONIC-GEOMORPHIC FEATURES OF THE STRIKE-SLIP FAULT ZONE IN EASTERN HUNAN AND WESTERN JIANGXI

Eastern Hunan-western Jiangxi, the main distribution domain of the Luoxiao MountainRange, is one of the key districts of the Circum-Pacific tectonically active belt in China, in whichNNE-trending en echelon strike-slip faulting since Cenozoic time has obviously controlled thefundamental framework of the modern land forms. Based on the study of tectonic evolution and ac-tive strike-slip faults, this paper discusses the forms, types and combinations of the modern tec-tonic land forms in this region.

湘西森林旅游区域生态服务功能与价值估算

【目的】湘西是我国南方重要的生态功能区,在森林旅游区域实施林分抚育协同森林旅游开发,对推动地区绿色发展有益。【方法】面积迭置获取森林旅游区域生态服务价值估算依据,采用货币价值法、森林旅游功能指数(FTFI)和偏离-份额分析法(SSM),系统评价湘西森林旅游区域生态服务价值演变与空间特征。【结果】1)近20年来湘西森林旅游区域生态服务价值增加了771.90万元/hm^(2),年均增长38.59万元/hm^(2),县均增加32.16万元/hm^(2)。区域单位面积价值排序为:3A级及以上旅游景区(352.14亿元)>国有林场(121.06亿元)>国家森林(湿地)公园(115.86亿元)>自然保护区(99.18亿元)>全国乡村旅游扶贫重点村(47.83亿元)>中国少数民族特色村寨(27.71亿元)>文物保护单位(8.12亿元),森林旅游区域年均价值居前五位的是慈利县、永顺县、桑植县、永定区和沅陵县,居后五位的是洪江市、辰溪县、麻阳县、花垣县和新晃县;2)3A级及以上旅游景区价值最少县域为洪江市(1.16万元/hm^(2)),永定区、慈利县等12个县域的自然保护区区域价值为0,靖州县、龙山县等10个县域文物保护单位价值为0.01万元/hm^(2),桑植县、泸溪县等4个县域国家森林(湿地)公园单位价值为0,国有林场、全国乡村旅游扶贫重点村、中国少数民族特色村寨单位价值最少县域为芷江县(0.18万元/hm^(2))、花垣县(0.12万元/hm^(2))和麻阳县(0.08万元/hm^(2));3)森林旅游区域的固碳释氧、涵养水源功能价值县均达390.43万元/hm^(2)和382.94万元/hm^(2),保育土壤、积累营养物质和保护生物多样性价值较大,森林景观价值县均为11.01万元/hm^(2)。各时段永定区、慈利县、桑植县、永顺县的森林旅游功能指数较大,均超过了1.5的水平值,其他20个县域基本持平。【结论】湘西森林旅游区域生态服务功能多样、价值不断增加,3A级及以上旅游景区、国有林场、国家森林(湿地)公园、自然保护区是发挥生态服务价值的主要区域类型。加强县域协作,坚持森林主体功能定位,调整森林生态绩效结构,合理划定森林生态服务功能分区,能提高森林旅游区域生态服务价值供给水平。

大湘西生态文化旅游圈高质量发展的驱动力

《“十四五”旅游业发展规划》中明确指出我国旅游业处于高质量发展的战略机遇期,大湘西是湖南建设“旅游强省”的三大支撑板块之一。从旅游资源、消费需求、资本投入、政府政策、交通网络和创新发展六个方面分析大湘西生态文化旅游圈高质量发展驱动力,研究发现只有驱动力之间相互协调、相互促进,才能形成推动其高质量发展的强大合力。为此,需要扩大旅游需求并提升旅游品质、保障良好的发展环境与资本投入、加强交通线路建设以及增强创新发展能力来促进大湘西生态文化旅游圈高质量发展。

湖南西部地区饲用甜高粱的生产性能比较

为筛选出适合在湖南西部地区推广应用的饲用甜高粱品种,利用灰色关联度法对2020和2021年7个高粱品种的9个农艺性状指标进行综合评价。结果表明:不同品种间相比以阿尔托902的株高、茎粗、叶片数、叶长、叶宽、叶面积、单株鲜重、鲜草和干草产量均最高;不同年份间相比以2020年各高粱品种的平均株高、叶长、叶宽、叶面积、单株鲜重、鲜草和干草产量均较高,2021年各高粱品种的平均茎粗和叶片数均较高;年份×品种互作效应间相比以2020年阿尔托902的株高、叶片数、叶长、叶宽、叶面积、单株鲜重、鲜草和干草产量均最高,2021年阿尔托902的茎粗最高。综合评价结果显示,阿尔托902表现最优,生产性能最好,适宜在湖南西部地区推广应用。

湘西黑色页岩关键带铅的分布及活动特征

本研究对湘西一带发育于下寒武统黑色页岩关键带上的新鲜黑色页岩、风化黑色页岩和黑色页岩土壤进行系统采样和元素地球化学分析,探讨黑色页岩关键带铅(Pb)的分布和循环活动特征.结果表明,该区黑色页岩相对富集SiO_(2)、Al_(2)O_(3)、Fe_(2)O_(3)等惰性组分和Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd等重金属,而亏损MgO、Na_(2)O、K_(2)O等活性组分.黑色页岩关键带上Pb含量变化在2.3—80 mg·kg^(−1)之间,分布不均匀.且Pb富集不明显(EF<1.5),自新鲜黑色页岩→风化黑色页岩→黑色页岩土壤,其富集程度趋于降低.质量平衡计算表明,黑色页岩风化过程中,赋存于硫化物矿物中的Pb等重金属活动性较强,Pb随黄铁矿等硫化物氧化分解而淋滤释出,淋滤释出率平均达−21.9%(n=36);Pb等重金属在黑色页岩风化的淋滤释出后,于成土作用过程中进一步被淋滤释出,淋滤释出率平均达−29.8%(n=36).黑色页岩风化-成土过程中Pb的淋滤释出与黑色页岩中钙质含量低,硫化物氧化分解产生的酸难于被中和等因素有关.

湖南西部地区饲用蚕豆的生产性能比较研究

为筛选出适合在湖南西部地区冬闲田推广应用的饲用蚕豆(Vicia faba)品种,本试验测定并分析了不同来源的10个蚕豆品种(青蚕13号、青蚕14号、青蚕15号、青蚕16号、青蚕19号、通蚕鲜6号、通蚕鲜7号、通蚕鲜8号、益阳大粒、益阳小粒)的株高、分枝数、百粒鲜质量、百粒干质量、鲜草产量、干草产量和干物质含量,并利用灰色关联度法对10个蚕豆品种进行综合评价。结果表明:10个蚕豆品种的株高为77.17~91.20 cm,单株分枝数为3.13~5.93,百粒鲜质量为135.00~358.00 g,百粒干质量为30.33~109.33 g,鲜草产量为13.04~21.58 t/hm^(2),干草产量为2.59~4.31 t/hm^(2),干物质含量为16.91%~22.92%。青蚕19号的株高最高,为91.20 cm;青蚕16号的单株分枝数最多,为5.93,且其鲜草和干草产量均最高,分别为21.58和4.31 t/hm^(2);通蚕鲜8号的百粒鲜质量最高,为358.00 g;益阳小粒的百粒干质量最高,为109.33 g;通蚕鲜6号的干物质含量最高,为22.92%。综合评价结果显示,青蚕16号表现最优,生产性能最好,通蚕鲜7号表现较优,生产性能较好,这两个品种适宜在湖南西部地区冬闲田推广应用。

湘西竹编家具创新设计研究与实践

目的基于保护湘西竹编技艺的视角,应对传统湘西竹编面临的发展困境,实现非遗技艺元素在现代产品中的传承与创新。方法通过用户调研,对湘西竹编文化中体现的重要元素进行采集、提取,应用模因论对竹编文化的模因进行分解、重构,形成湘西竹编文化模因的基本元素,采用模糊KANO模型分析用户对湘西竹编文化模因设计元素的满意程度,筛选出满意度高的强势模因。对弱势模因加以创新运用,实现传统文化在家具设计中的原真性和有效性。结论文化创新是促进竹编家具发展的动力,通过对湘西竹编模因的分析与设计实践,在实现家具自身实用性的同时,促进竹编文化的传播,并基于地域性传统技艺与家具的结合,为竹编家具设计提供参考和借鉴。

湘西地区传统村落非物质文化遗产与旅游融合效应评价

综合运用产业融合、利益相关者等理论,从经济、文化、社会和生态4个方面构建了传统村落非物质文化遗产与旅游融合效应评价指标体系,并以湘西地区4个典型国家级传统村落(竹山村、石堰坪村、十八洞村和皇都村)为例进行了实证分析.结果表明,皇都村的经济、社会和生态效应很好,文化效应较好,各效应间的协调程度较高;竹山村的生态和社会效应很好,经济和文化效应较好;十八洞村的生态效应很好,经济、文化、社会效应较好;石堰坪村经济效应较差,文化效应一般,社会效应较好,生态效应很好,各效应间的协调性有待增强.为了实现湘西地区传统村落非物质文化遗产与旅游的深度优质融合,从政府、社区、村民、企业、游客5个利益相关者层面提出了对策.

基于功能语义的湘西传统竹家具多功能再设计研究

用绿色环保竹材设计制作家具已经成为未来家具产业的主要发展趋势。多功能家具符合新兴家具市场的需求,拥有巨大的潜力和前景。湘西传统竹家具功能实用、用材环保、极具地域民俗特色。文章分析了湘西传统竹家具类型及其价值提取,基于多功能家具的特征,提出了湘西传统竹家具多功能再设计思路,并进行设计实践。湘西传统竹家具再设计应注重经济性和环保性,在保留其原有风格的基础上,融合当代技术和人工智慧,以期将湘西的独特风格和优秀的历史文化遗产融入现代家具设计中,不仅可以传承和发展传统竹编工艺,而且可以普及绿色发展理念,提高人们的生活质量。

湘西土家族传统民居平面形制类型特征及其演变影响因素研究

传统民居平面形制的演变反映了居民的文化认知与对所在地域环境的适应。本文以湘西土家族传统民居平面形制为研究对象,在运用文化人类学对湘西土家族传统民居的调研基础上,采用建筑类型学的方法来归类分析该特殊地区内土家族传统民居建筑的平面形制。通过实地测绘考察,对湘西土家族传统民居三类典型平面形制进行系统的类型梳理及特征分析,从中找寻从原始形制到演变形制之间差异中的固定要素,并挖掘民居平面形制的推演规律,最后探析平面形制演变过程中的内外影响因素,以期为保护发展湘西土家族传统民居提供识别性依据及理论指导。

清代湘西不二门观音岩寺福田碑刻与寺院供养的历史考察

清代湘西不二门观音岩寺的福田碑刻内容多讲述置办福田的事情,为了解清代湘西不二门观音岩寺的日常供养情况提供了重要文献依据。其福田经济规模小,经营机制简拙,生产方式处于较为原始的自然经济状态,整体财力呈寡弱状态。不二门观音岩寺的福田经济是适应湘西特定自然地理和历史及人文环境的结果,其“自立”“自养”的程度较高,有助于避免寺院经济受外界社会动荡而带来的脆弱性,这是湘西历史上佛教寺院能够保持良好社会适应力和较强社会参与力与影响力的根本原因。