The s-parameterized Weyl-Wigner correspondence in the entangled form and its applications

Based on the theory of integration within s-ordering of operators and the bipartite entangled state representation we introduce s-parameterized Weyl-Wigner correspondence in the entangled form. Some of its applications in quantum optics theory are presented as well.

A Simple Mathematical Formulation of the Correspondence Principle

In this paper we suggest a simple mathematical procedure to derive the classical probability density of quantum systems via Bohr’s correspondence principle. Using Fourier expansions for the classical and quantum distributions, we assume that the Fourier coefficients coincide for the case of large quantum number. We illustrate the procedure by analyzing the classical limit for the quantum harmonic oscillator and the particle in a box, although the method is quite general. We find, in an analytical fashion, the classical distribution arising from the quantum one as the zeroth order term in an expansion in powers of Planck’s constant. We interpret the correction terms as residual quantum effects at the microscopic-macroscopic boundary.

Rotational symmetry of classical orbits, arbitrary quantization of angular momentum and the role of the gauge field in two-dimensional space

We study quantum classical correspondence in terms of the coherent wave functions of a charged particle in two-dimensional central-scalar potentials as well as the gauge field of a magnetic flux in the sense that the probability clouds of wave functions are well localized on classical orbits. For both closed and open classical orbits, the non-integer angular-momentum quantization with the level space of angular momentum being greater or less than h is determined uniquely by the same rotational symmetry of classical orbits and probability clouds of coherent wave functions, which is not necessarily 27r-periodic. The gauge potential of a magnetic flux impenetrable to the particle cannot change the quantization rule but is able to shift the spectrum of canonical angular momentum by a flux-dependent value, which results in a common topological phase for all wave functions in the given model. The well-known quantum mechanical anyon model becomes a special case of the arbitrary quantization, where the classical orbits are 2π-periodic.

Bohr Correspondence Principle and Multiphoton Nature Raleigh Light Scattering

The correspondence principle and the condition of supplementation were introduced by N. Bohr for the sub-mission of light phenomena, taking into account the wave nature of electromagnetic radiation on one hand, and its quantum structures on the other. In this paper, correspondence principle combines two models of matter, namely, the classical point of view of environment can be considered as an ensemble no equally-frequencies oscillators, i.e. electrons in the surrounding various atoms (molecules) of the matter and characterized by its own set of frequencies (but not hesitant in the absence of an energy source) and the quantum - environment could be presented as a set (ensemble) two-level systems, a wide range of Bohr fre-quencies. According to the correspondence principle Bohr jump-frequencies of atoms (molecules or nano particles) and natural frequencies oscillations of electrons of the same environment - oscillators are equal to each other. The dispersion characteristics of the environment in the every study range of optical frequencies correspond to the model of the classical harmonic oscillator of Lorenz, capable oscillates with Bohr fre-quency. Using the laws of classical mechanics to describe the environment and its dispersion properties, and the simultaneous presentation of light radiation in the form of a beam interacting with the environment of photons (quanta, corpuscles) helps explain peculiarities of the spectral composition Raleigh light scattered.

《伤寒论》临证价值刍议

《伤寒论》临证思想研究者众多,已逐渐形成较为完善的伤寒学研究体系,然尚存不足之处,如对此书临床价值认识不全面、疫病诊治重温病轻伤寒、经典理论应对当代疾病及经方运用存在的问题等。提出《伤寒论》为百病立法,治伤寒亦治杂病;疫病诊治重温病轻伤寒,实则寒温相互羽翼;经典研究可借鉴西医思维,应对疾病须以中为基;目前经方运用重方药略理法,亟待构建规范体系等观点,为中医经典临床研究提供思路。

Exact solutions of a spin-orbit coupling model in two-dimensional central-potentials and quantum-classical correspondence

In this paper we present both the classical and quantum periodic-orbits of a neutral spinning particle constrained in two-dimensional central-potentials with a cylindrically symmetric electric-field in addition,which leads to an effective non-Abelian gauge field generated by the spin-orbit coupling.Coherent superposition of orbital angular-eigenfunctions obtained explicitly under the condition of zero-energy exhibits the quantum-classical correspondence in the meaning of exact coincidence between classical orbits and spatial patterns of quantum wave-functions,which as a consequence results in the fractional quantization of orbital angular-momentum by the requirement of the same rotational symmetry of quantum and classical orbits.A non-Abelian anyon-model emerges in a natural way.

Quantum-classical correspondence in integrable systems

We find that the quantum-classical correspondence in integrable systems is characterized by two time scales. One is the Ehrenfest time below which the system is classical;the other is the quantum revival time beyond which the system is fully quantum. In between, the quantum system can be well approximated by classical ensemble distribution in phase space. These results can be summarized in a diagram which we call Ehrenfest diagram. We derive an analytical expression for Ehrenfest time, which is proportional to h-1/2. According to our formula, the Ehrenfest time for the solar-earth system is about 1026 times of the age of the solar system. We also find an analytical expression for the quantum revival time, which is proportional to h-1. Both time scales involve ω(I), the classical frequency as a function of classical action. Our results are numerically illustrated with two simple integrable models. In addition, we show that similar results exist for Bose gases, where 1/N serves as an effective Planck constant.

Quantum-classical correspondence for the inverted oscillator

While quantum-classical correspondence for a system is a very fundamental problem in modern physics,the understanding of its mechanism is often elusive,so the methods used and the results of detailed theoretical analysis have been accompanied by active debate.In this study,the differences and similarities between quantum and classical behavior for an inverted oscillator have been analyzed based on the description of a complete generalized Airy function-type quantum wave solution.The inverted oscillator model plays an important role in several branches of cosmology and particle physics.The quantum wave packet of the system is composed of many sub-packets that are localized at different positions with regular intervals between them.It is shown from illustrations of the probability density that,although the quantum trajectory of the wave propagation is somewhat different from the corresponding classical one,the difference becomes relatively small when the classical excitation is sufficiently high.We have confirmed that a quantum wave packet moving along a positive or negative direction accelerates over time like a classical wave.From these main interpretations and others in the text,we conclude that our theory exquisitely illustrates quantum and classical correspondence for the system,which is a crucial concept in quantum mechanics.

郑义宏运用经方辨治慢性荨麻疹经验介绍

慢性荨麻疹的病因病机复杂,除了风邪侵袭肌表、(火)热邪蕴于气血,多涉及脏腑功能失调。病位包含表、里、半表半里及表里合病。郑义宏主任遵循六经辨证、方证对应的辨证论治方法,强调辨方证重于辨六经,在辨方证的基础上使用经方灵活化裁治疗慢性荨麻疹,常获佳效。附上5则医案以阐明郑主任辨方证、用经方治疗慢性荨麻疹的经验。

从方证相应探析仲景方治疗脂溢性脱发

脂溢性脱发是皮肤科临床上常见且多发的难治性疾患,中医药因多靶点、多途径、多方面的作用方式在该病的治疗上有独特的优势。但目前医家多采用自拟方对该病进行干预,造成治法方药的不统一,使后续药物作用机制的相关研究及临床运用推广受到阻碍。《伤寒杂病论》记载的仲景方,经历千年的应用和筛选,其疗效广受认可。同时,仲景方所具备药味少、疗效确切的特点也有利于进行临床药物作用机制的研究。以仲景方为基础方,依据“方证相应”理论,将方剂所针对的主治证候与患者病症表现的病机证候相互对应,进行遣方用药,以期为临床诊治脂溢性脱发提供经方层面的诊疗思路。

运用胡希恕六经八纲辨证理论探究经方治疗血证的规律

胡希恕先生是现代著名的经方临床家、教育家,率先提出了六经来源于八纲的论断,并运用六经八纲辨证理论指导经方的临床运用,取得了不凡的效果。血证是中医临床的一类常见病与疑难病,也是中医治疗急症的优势病种之一,现运用胡希恕经方六经八纲辨证理论,结合《伤寒杂病论》原文,探讨经方治疗血证的规律,旨在为血证的临床治疗提供参考和借鉴。

经典名方芍药甘草汤物质基准质量标准研究

目的:建立芍药甘草汤(SGD)物质基准及对应实物薄层鉴别方法、超高效液相色谱(UHPLC)特征图谱,并对其进行多成分含量测定,研究量值传递规律,结合出膏率、水分等数据,探讨SGD质量标准。方法:制备18批SGD物质基准和对应实物。薄层鉴别使用1%NaOH制备的硅胶G薄层板,以乙酸乙酯:甲酸:冰醋酸:水(15∶1∶1∶2)为展开剂,以10%的硫酸乙醇溶液为显色剂。使用超高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器(UHPLC-DAD)法建立SGD物质基准及对应实物特征图谱,指认特征峰;对饮片、物质基准、对应实物进行多成分含量测定,分析指标成分从饮片-物质基准-对应实物的传递规律。结果:薄层鉴别显示色谱斑点清晰,阴性无干扰。SGD物质基准和对应实物特征图谱相似度均大于0.9,共匹配14个特征峰,指认出6个。指标成分含测结果为:芍药苷、甘草苷、甘草酸在物质基准中分别为0.48~0.83 mg/mL、0.13~0.32 mg/mL、0.31~0.60 mg/mL,在对应实物中分别为2.21%~3.40%、0.64%~1.59%、1.56%~3.00%。饮片-物质基准的平均转移率分别为芍药苷51.15%、甘草苷36.65%、甘草酸37.03%;物质基准-对应实物的平均转移率分别为芍药苷100.19%、甘草苷99.55%、甘草酸100.49%。结论:通过各项研究结果能够较为全面地对SGD物质基准和对应实物的质量进行把控,实现了对经典名方SGD开发研究的全过程质量控制。

黎明全应用柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤治疗脑病经验辑要

[目的]探析黎明全教授应用柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤治疗脑病的临床经验和学术观点,为临证选方提供借鉴。[方法]选取黎师治疗的失眠、帕金森病伴抑郁、特发性震颤验案3则,结合平时侍诊的心得体会详加按评,从辨别患者体质和四纲辨证角度出发,探索黎师诊治脑病的特色和经验。[结果]柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤为临床常用的经典名方,具有和解少阳、通阳泄热、重镇安神的功效。黎师提出,应用柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤治疗脑病时首先辨识出柴胡体质属实证、热证的患者,然后根据患者的证候要素遣方用药,本方证多指“胸满烦惊,小便不利,谵语,一身尽重,不可转侧”,治疗具体疾病时再结合患者的证型辨证论治。所举失眠案乃痰热腑实、火扰心神之证,拟泻热通腑、和中安神为基本治法;所举帕金森病伴抑郁案为肝郁化火、痰热扰心之证,治以疏肝解郁、清热化痰法;所举特发性震颤验案为痰热动风、火扰清窍之证,治以清湿祛热、平肝熄风法,应用柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤加减治疗后,均获得较好疗效。[结论]黎师应用柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤治疗脑病注重“方证相应”,临床效果显著,其经验值得学习和借鉴。本方亦可以作为脑病的专用方,临床诊疾时可辨证与辨病相结合,提高临床疗效。通过复习验案,有助于读者了解准确应用柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤的辨证要点,体会异病同治的精妙。

经典型及劳力型热射病大鼠心肌损伤对比研究

目的 比较劳力型热射病(exertional heat stroke, EHS)与经典型热射病(classical heat stroke, CHS)大鼠动物模型心肌损伤的差异,为热射病心肌损伤的临床治疗提供可能的实验室依据。方法 80只SD大鼠按随机数表法随机分为对照组(n=10)、运动对照组(EXC,n=10)、经典热射病组(CHS,n=30)和劳力型热射病组(EHS,n=30)。对照组和EXC组大鼠置于温度(25±0.5)℃,相对湿度(50±5)%环境中;EHS组和CHS组大鼠置于模拟热气候动物舱内,舱内环境温度(39±0.5)℃,相对湿度(50±5)%;EHS组和EXC组大鼠给予跑台运动处理,跑步速度设置为12 m/min,坡度为0°,每运动8 min休息2 min,以监测大鼠直肠温度等。核心体温达到42.3℃或出现瘫倒(掐尾反射消失)作为热射病的开始,之后将大鼠移至常温环境复温。采用超声心动图仪检测大鼠心功能指标,生化法检测血清心肌酶(AST、LDH、CK-MB、CK)水平,苏木精-伊红(HE)染色法检测大鼠心肌组织病理,TUNEL染色检测大鼠心肌细胞凋亡情况。采用蛋白免疫印迹法检测大鼠心肌组织中醌氧化还原酶1(Nrf2)、切割半胱天冬氨酸蛋白酶(Cl-Caspase-3)、抗凋亡蛋白(Bcl-2)、促凋亡蛋白(Bax)、血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)的蛋白表达水平。结果 与CHS组大鼠比较,EHS组大鼠热射病潜伏期显著缩短(P<0.01),且诱发热射病所需的热负荷显著减少(P<0.01)。CHS组大鼠的脱水率显著大于EHS组(P<0.01),但EHS组大鼠的脱水速率显著高于CHS组(P<0.01)。两组大鼠热射病发生时的直肠温度无显著差异(P>0.05)。超声心动图提示,EHS组大鼠的左室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEF)显著低于CHS组大鼠(P<0.05)。EHS组大鼠的AST和LDH水平显著高于CHS组大鼠(P<0.01)。两组大鼠均出现急性心肌损伤的病理改变,表现为心肌细胞水肿、肌纤维排列混乱、断裂,可见炎性浸润,且EHS组心肌损伤病理评分高于CHS组(P<0.05),EHS组心肌细胞凋亡比率亦显著高于CHS组(P<0.05)。氧化应激相关信号通路中,EHS组大鼠心肌组织的蛋白质表达水平显著高于CHS组。结论 高温同时复合运动有更高的热射病易感性,EHS介导的心功能异常及心肌细胞凋亡较CHS更重,且可能与氧化应激相关信号通路活化相关。

陈新宇教授应用《黄帝内经》“四时”周期理论临床经验

陈新宇教授认为人居天地之中,其生长发育、健康状态应遵循《黄帝内经》中“四时”周期变化,即生、长、收、藏,涵盖范围包括时间周期、生命周期以及疾病周期。临床实践中,陈新宇教授认为应紧紧把握机体所处不同“四时”周期变化下的阳气变化趋势,辨识并调整机体阳气状态以进行综合防治,即在阳生、长之时温阳养阳,阳收、藏之时敛阳固阳,谨候其时以调之。

量子电子的经典轨道和黑洞熵的微观起源

平方反比力驱动的一维振荡问题出现在物理学中两个非常重要的场合,即氢原子电子波函数的经典轨道解读和自引力塌缩球体的牛顿力学描述。流行观点认为这两个场合分别牵涉到“轨道概念不真实”和“牛顿力学不适用”的因素而放弃了对这个问题的深入探讨。本文指出,氢原子电子的经典轨道不仅真实而且对我们从根本上理解黑洞拥有非平庸内部结构和面积律特征的熵有非常重要的帮助。依赖于对量子化波函数的经典解释,这种内部结构可以理解为黑洞内容物在视界内以原点为中心的对穿振荡模式,也可以理解为它们在无视视界面内部体积的带洞空间中以视界面为边界的对穿振荡模式。

点云配准在破碎物体重组中的应用

点云配准是破碎物体重组过程中的关键步骤,但因破碎物体碎片之间公共点云区域较少,配准整个碎片点云无法得到较好的重组结果。针对此问题,利用特征区域与配准算法相结合的方法,在已知破碎物体断裂面的特征对应区域的基础上,进行了经典配准算法和融合配准算法的对比实验并分析了各算法的特性。实验结果表明:在特征对应区域的基础上配准,ICP、NDT、4PCS+ICP算法都能较好地重组破碎物体,其中,特征区域结合4PCS+ICP的方法重组效果最好,速度较快,ICP算法次之。

经方方证运用体悟

在方证对应原则指导下,运用四逆散治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎,半夏泻心汤治疗慢性胃溃疡,桂枝加白术附子汤治疗腰椎间盘突出症,桃核承气汤合桂枝茯苓丸治疗混合痔。认为应不拘泥于现代医学病名诊断,有是证则用是方,无不效如桴鼓。

基于“方证相应理论”浅析经方治疗慢性咳嗽

慢性咳嗽为临床常见病,占呼吸科门诊患者的20%~30%,且病因复杂,超过半数以上的患者被误诊误治[1]。中医治疗慢性咳嗽历史悠久。《伤寒论》提及方证相应理论,即指方剂的中药组成及其配伍规律与所治疾病的主要病机或病症之间高度相关,而方证之间的对应程度直接决定疾病的疗效。文章以方证相应理论为指导,根据慢性咳嗽的临床症状及发病机制,分别从小青龙汤证、真武汤证、四逆散证、小柴胡汤证等方面,基于方证相应理论探讨经方在治疗慢性咳嗽中的应用与体会,以期为应用经方诊治慢性咳嗽提供一定的思路。