Tillering is an important phenological stage,which is strongly related to the yield in spike components and final grain yield during winter wheat growth.Precipitation during the fallow season(fallow precipitation)infl...Tillering is an important phenological stage,which is strongly related to the yield in spike components and final grain yield during winter wheat growth.Precipitation during the fallow season(fallow precipitation)influences tillering in winter wheat on the semi-arid Chinese Loess Plateau.However,little work has been done regarding tiller number changes under various types of fertilization and amounts of fallow precipitation on a long-term scale.Effects of fallow precipitation and fertilization on tiller were investigated in a winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)system in a 28-year field study(1990 to 2017)in a semiarid agro-ecosystem.Tiller number,spike number and grain yield were measured in four fertilization conditions:control without fertilizer(CK);mineral nitrogen fertilizer alone(N);mineral phosphorus fertilizer alone(P);mineral nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer together(NP).Based on the long-term annual fallow precipitation,dry years(mean annual fallow precipitation)were distinguished.Phosphorus fertilization alone significantly increased the mean annual tiller number(23%),and the increase in tiller number was higher in wet years(29%)than in the dry years(17%).However,nitrogen fertilization alone had little effect on mean tiller number,while nitrogen and phosphorus together significantly increased mean annual tiller number(30%),mean tiller number in wet years(45%)and mean tiller number in dry years(17%).Tiller number was significantly and positively correlated with fallow precipitation in dry years for all fertilizer treatments,whereas it was weakly and either positively or negatively correlated with fallow precipitation in wet years depending on the treatment.This study found positive correlations between tiller number and fallow precipitation in the CK and NP treatments,and it found negative correlations between tiller number and fallow precipitation in the treatments with nitrogen fertilization alone or phosphorous fertilization alone in wet years.Understanding the impacts of fallow precipitation and fertilization on tiller development shed light on ways to improve crop production in rain-fed agricultural regions.展开更多
The wide-precision planting pattern has become widely used in the North China Plain as a practice for increasing wheat yield.However,the effects of tilled ng developme nt and light tran smissi on within can opy on whe...The wide-precision planting pattern has become widely used in the North China Plain as a practice for increasing wheat yield.However,the effects of tilled ng developme nt and light tran smissi on within can opy on wheat yield un der differe nt sowi ng widths have not bee n clearly described.Therefore,a two-year experime nt was con ducted,in cludi ng four different seeding widths(6 cm,W6;8 cm,W8;10 cm,W10;12 cm,W12)and the traditional planting pattern with seeding width of 4 cm(W4).The results indicated mainly positive effects by the reduced intraspecific competition,specifically all three yield components of W6 and W8 were higher than those for W4.The configurations with more than 10-cm seeding width were mainly affected by the negative effect of a relative homogeneous canopy,leading to the weakened light transmission,leaf senescence,and reduced grain number per spike.Finally,the yields of W6 and W8 were significantly higher than that of W4,whereas the yield in W12 was lower(though not significantly)than W4.In wheat production,therefore,the appropriate seeding width of 6-8 cm is recommended for farmers,whereas the too wide seeding width,with more than 10 cm,should be avoided.展开更多
以10种不同基因型冬小麦为材料,采用田间再裂区设计,研究了不同氮肥用量(0,105 kg N/hm2)与锌铁用量(Zn:0,6.8 kg/hm2;Fe:0,12.1 kg/hm2)对冬小麦幼苗(返青期)生长及锌铁吸收的影响。结果表明,施氮对10种基因型冬小麦的生物量、分蘖数...以10种不同基因型冬小麦为材料,采用田间再裂区设计,研究了不同氮肥用量(0,105 kg N/hm2)与锌铁用量(Zn:0,6.8 kg/hm2;Fe:0,12.1 kg/hm2)对冬小麦幼苗(返青期)生长及锌铁吸收的影响。结果表明,施氮对10种基因型冬小麦的生物量、分蘖数和叶绿素SPAD值均有显著影响,增幅分别达到15.8%,14.7%,4.6%;施用锌铁肥后生物量增加8.0%,但分蘖数减少5.8%,而对叶绿素SPAD值几乎无影响;10种不同基因型小麦植株的长势有较大差异。施用氮肥后,显著提高了各基因型小麦植株的锌含量与锌携出量,平均提高7.6%和22.9%,而小麦植株铁的含量降低6.4%,但携出量提高7.2%;施用锌铁肥显著增加了小麦的锌含量和携出量,增幅分别11.9%和19.2%,但对铁的含量和携出量影响不显著。10种不同基因型小麦植株锌铁携出量存在一定差异,吸收值较高的三种基因型分别为绵阳31、陕优225、陕优253。展开更多
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0800105)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M643755)。
文摘Tillering is an important phenological stage,which is strongly related to the yield in spike components and final grain yield during winter wheat growth.Precipitation during the fallow season(fallow precipitation)influences tillering in winter wheat on the semi-arid Chinese Loess Plateau.However,little work has been done regarding tiller number changes under various types of fertilization and amounts of fallow precipitation on a long-term scale.Effects of fallow precipitation and fertilization on tiller were investigated in a winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)system in a 28-year field study(1990 to 2017)in a semiarid agro-ecosystem.Tiller number,spike number and grain yield were measured in four fertilization conditions:control without fertilizer(CK);mineral nitrogen fertilizer alone(N);mineral phosphorus fertilizer alone(P);mineral nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer together(NP).Based on the long-term annual fallow precipitation,dry years(mean annual fallow precipitation)were distinguished.Phosphorus fertilization alone significantly increased the mean annual tiller number(23%),and the increase in tiller number was higher in wet years(29%)than in the dry years(17%).However,nitrogen fertilization alone had little effect on mean tiller number,while nitrogen and phosphorus together significantly increased mean annual tiller number(30%),mean tiller number in wet years(45%)and mean tiller number in dry years(17%).Tiller number was significantly and positively correlated with fallow precipitation in dry years for all fertilizer treatments,whereas it was weakly and either positively or negatively correlated with fallow precipitation in wet years depending on the treatment.This study found positive correlations between tiller number and fallow precipitation in the CK and NP treatments,and it found negative correlations between tiller number and fallow precipitation in the treatments with nitrogen fertilization alone or phosphorous fertilization alone in wet years.Understanding the impacts of fallow precipitation and fertilization on tiller development shed light on ways to improve crop production in rain-fed agricultural regions.
基金This work was supported by the Special Fund for Agroscientific Research in the Public Interest,China(201503130).
文摘The wide-precision planting pattern has become widely used in the North China Plain as a practice for increasing wheat yield.However,the effects of tilled ng developme nt and light tran smissi on within can opy on wheat yield un der differe nt sowi ng widths have not bee n clearly described.Therefore,a two-year experime nt was con ducted,in cludi ng four different seeding widths(6 cm,W6;8 cm,W8;10 cm,W10;12 cm,W12)and the traditional planting pattern with seeding width of 4 cm(W4).The results indicated mainly positive effects by the reduced intraspecific competition,specifically all three yield components of W6 and W8 were higher than those for W4.The configurations with more than 10-cm seeding width were mainly affected by the negative effect of a relative homogeneous canopy,leading to the weakened light transmission,leaf senescence,and reduced grain number per spike.Finally,the yields of W6 and W8 were significantly higher than that of W4,whereas the yield in W12 was lower(though not significantly)than W4.In wheat production,therefore,the appropriate seeding width of 6-8 cm is recommended for farmers,whereas the too wide seeding width,with more than 10 cm,should be avoided.
文摘以10种不同基因型冬小麦为材料,采用田间再裂区设计,研究了不同氮肥用量(0,105 kg N/hm2)与锌铁用量(Zn:0,6.8 kg/hm2;Fe:0,12.1 kg/hm2)对冬小麦幼苗(返青期)生长及锌铁吸收的影响。结果表明,施氮对10种基因型冬小麦的生物量、分蘖数和叶绿素SPAD值均有显著影响,增幅分别达到15.8%,14.7%,4.6%;施用锌铁肥后生物量增加8.0%,但分蘖数减少5.8%,而对叶绿素SPAD值几乎无影响;10种不同基因型小麦植株的长势有较大差异。施用氮肥后,显著提高了各基因型小麦植株的锌含量与锌携出量,平均提高7.6%和22.9%,而小麦植株铁的含量降低6.4%,但携出量提高7.2%;施用锌铁肥显著增加了小麦的锌含量和携出量,增幅分别11.9%和19.2%,但对铁的含量和携出量影响不显著。10种不同基因型小麦植株锌铁携出量存在一定差异,吸收值较高的三种基因型分别为绵阳31、陕优225、陕优253。
