Comparative Study on Seed Traits of Purple Flower Platycodon grandiflorum and White Flower Platycodon grandiflorum

[ Objective] The experiment aimed to carry out investigation and analysis on seed traits of white flower Platycodon grandiflorum and purple flower Platycodon grandif/orum. [Method] 13 white flower Plalycodon grandiflorumand purple flower Platycodon grandiflorumfrom China and foreign countrias were taken as research objects. Their seed traits such as seed length, seed width, thickness of seed and 1 000-grain weight were comparatively analyzed. [ Result] The average seed length, average seed width, average seed thickness and average 1 000-grain weight of white flower Platycodon grandiflorum were all smaller than these of purple flower Platycodon grandiflorum. The seed length of Korean white flower Platycodon grandiflorum was relatively longer and seed lengths of other white flower Platycodon grandiflorum were all shorter than these of purple flower Platycodon grandiflorum. The seed widths of white flower Platycodon grandiflorum were smaller than these of purple flower P/atycodon grandiflorum, except these of Korean white flower Platycodon grandiflorum, Heilongjiang Ning＇an and South Korean Jiangyuan. The 1 000-grain weights of white flower Platycodon grandiflorum were all smaller than these of purple flower Platycodon grandiflorum, except these of Korean Rajin and Sancheng white flower Platycodon grandiflorum. [ Conclusion] The result of this experiment provided reference for rational utilizations of purple flower Platycodon grandiflorum and white flower Platycodon grandiflorum.

白花桔梗和紫花桔梗的种子性状比较

[目的]对白花桔梗和紫花桔梗种质资源的种子性状进行调查分析。[方法]以来自国内外的13种白花桔梗和紫花桔梗种质资源为研究对象,比较分析它们的种子性状,包括种子长度、宽度、厚度、千粒质量4项指标。[结果]白花桔梗种质资源的种子长度、宽度、厚度、千粒质量的平均值均小于紫花桔梗种质资源;在种子长度上,除了朝鲜白花的种子较长以外,其他白花桔梗种质资源的种子长度均比紫花桔梗的长度小;在种子宽度上,除朝鲜白花、黑龙江宁安、韩国江原外,白花桔梗种子宽度基本上都比紫花桔梗的宽度小;在种子千粒质量上,除了朝鲜罗津和三成白花外,其他白花桔梗种质资源的种子千粒质量均极显著(P<0.01)小于紫花种质资源。[结论]该研究为紫花桔梗和白花桔梗种质资源的合理利用提供了参考依据。

白花桔梗和紫花桔梗种质资源地上部性状的比较

通过对白花桔梗和紫花桔梗种质资源的地上部性状的调查分析,结果表明:除了白花桔梗种质资源的茎粗平均值大于紫花桔梗种质资源之外,株高、主茎叶数、分枝数、茎叶鲜重等均小于紫花桔梗种质资源的平均值;紫花桔梗种质资源的分枝数和茎叶鲜重全部高于白花桔梗种质资源;紫花桔梗种质资源和白花桔梗种质资源的株高、茎粗和主茎叶数无明显差异。此结果为白花桔梗和紫花桔梗种质资源的合理利用提供了参考依据。

白花桔梗花粉流的研究

为探明桔梗的花粉流。以3年生白花桔梗为材料，用重力玻片法、虫媒花粉粒染色法和ISSR分子标记分别对桔梗进行花粉流测定。结果表明：桔梗花粉通过风媒传播最远距离为1？5 m，在距离中心株0？4～0？6m载玻片检测到的花粉数目居多；不同方向的植株柱头上均可以检测到染色花粉，且花粉传播距离远近不同，桔梗花粉通过虫媒传播最远的距离为9？8 m；ISSR分子标记对白花桔梗进行花粉流测定，测得白花桔梗父本的花粉能够有效的传给正西方向7？0m处的母本和西北方向3？0m处的母本。用这3种方法测定桔梗花粉流，为桔梗育种提供理论基础。