Biodegradable plastic film mulch (PFM) is considered an alternative to non-biodegradable PFM to mitigate the negative impacts of residual film.However,the agronomic performance of biodegradable PFM in comparison to no...Biodegradable plastic film mulch (PFM) is considered an alternative to non-biodegradable PFM to mitigate the negative impacts of residual film.However,the agronomic performance of biodegradable PFM in comparison to non-biodegradable PFM still needs to be tested.In this study,we evaluated the effects of biodegradable and non-biodegradable PFM on soil physicochemical properties,microbial community,and enzyme activities,as well as maize growth performance.Biodegradable and non-biodegradable PFM both increased soil temperature,water content,N content,and microbial biomass and maize yield by up to 30%,but decreased soil enzyme activities as compared to no mulching (control,CK).Most soil physicochemical properties,microbial community,and enzyme activities were similar under non-biodegradable and biodegradable PFM at the early stages of maize growth.However,at the late stages,soil temperature,water content,mineral N,NO_(3)^(-)-N,ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) activity,and total phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) decreased under biodegradable PFM owing to film fragmentation.White PFM increased soil temperature,water content,and total PLFAs at the early stages of maize growth but decreased soil mineral N and total PLFAs at the late stages,as compared to black PFM.As soil temperature and N availability were the major factors affecting soil microbial community,microbial activity decreased after the fragmentation of biodegradable PFM,owing to the decreased soil temperature,water content,and mineral N.Notably,biodegradable PFM could decrease NO_(3)^(-)-N accumulation in topsoil by decreasing N transformation due to the lower microbial and N-related enzyme (e.g.,AMO) activities,compared with non-biodegradable PFM,which may avoid negative environmental impacts,such as NO_(3)^(-)-N leaching or gas emission after harvest.Maize yield,height,aboveground biomass,and N uptake under biodegradable PFM were similar to those under non-biodegradable PFM during maize growth,implying that biodegradable PFM has no negative impact on crop growth and yield.In general,biodegradable PFM was equivalent to non-biodegradable PFM in terms of maize yield increase and N uptake,but was environmentally friendly.Therefore,biodegradable PFM can be used as an alternative to non-biodegradable PFM in semi-arid areas for sustainable agricultural practices.展开更多
杭白菊由于易受潮、变色、发霉及虫蛀而引起货架期较短,影响着市场的供应和销售量的增加。本研究表明:1)杭白菊的货架期受包装材料的影响较大,采用复合薄膜袋 A 或 B 包装贮藏300天以上的杭白菊仍能保持原有的色、香、味;2)选择适宜的...杭白菊由于易受潮、变色、发霉及虫蛀而引起货架期较短,影响着市场的供应和销售量的增加。本研究表明:1)杭白菊的货架期受包装材料的影响较大,采用复合薄膜袋 A 或 B 包装贮藏300天以上的杭白菊仍能保持原有的色、香、味;2)选择适宜的辐照剂量是杭白菊综合保藏技术的关键之一,其中以3KGy～5KGy 的效果最佳。用10KGyr 射线处理杭白菊对其主要品质指标无明照影响:3)辐照剂最率不影响处理效果。展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41877086)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(No.2020JZ-16)+1 种基金the UK Global Research Challenges Fundthe UK Natural Environment Research Council Project(No.NE/V005871/1)。
文摘Biodegradable plastic film mulch (PFM) is considered an alternative to non-biodegradable PFM to mitigate the negative impacts of residual film.However,the agronomic performance of biodegradable PFM in comparison to non-biodegradable PFM still needs to be tested.In this study,we evaluated the effects of biodegradable and non-biodegradable PFM on soil physicochemical properties,microbial community,and enzyme activities,as well as maize growth performance.Biodegradable and non-biodegradable PFM both increased soil temperature,water content,N content,and microbial biomass and maize yield by up to 30%,but decreased soil enzyme activities as compared to no mulching (control,CK).Most soil physicochemical properties,microbial community,and enzyme activities were similar under non-biodegradable and biodegradable PFM at the early stages of maize growth.However,at the late stages,soil temperature,water content,mineral N,NO_(3)^(-)-N,ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) activity,and total phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) decreased under biodegradable PFM owing to film fragmentation.White PFM increased soil temperature,water content,and total PLFAs at the early stages of maize growth but decreased soil mineral N and total PLFAs at the late stages,as compared to black PFM.As soil temperature and N availability were the major factors affecting soil microbial community,microbial activity decreased after the fragmentation of biodegradable PFM,owing to the decreased soil temperature,water content,and mineral N.Notably,biodegradable PFM could decrease NO_(3)^(-)-N accumulation in topsoil by decreasing N transformation due to the lower microbial and N-related enzyme (e.g.,AMO) activities,compared with non-biodegradable PFM,which may avoid negative environmental impacts,such as NO_(3)^(-)-N leaching or gas emission after harvest.Maize yield,height,aboveground biomass,and N uptake under biodegradable PFM were similar to those under non-biodegradable PFM during maize growth,implying that biodegradable PFM has no negative impact on crop growth and yield.In general,biodegradable PFM was equivalent to non-biodegradable PFM in terms of maize yield increase and N uptake,but was environmentally friendly.Therefore,biodegradable PFM can be used as an alternative to non-biodegradable PFM in semi-arid areas for sustainable agricultural practices.
文摘杭白菊由于易受潮、变色、发霉及虫蛀而引起货架期较短,影响着市场的供应和销售量的增加。本研究表明:1)杭白菊的货架期受包装材料的影响较大,采用复合薄膜袋 A 或 B 包装贮藏300天以上的杭白菊仍能保持原有的色、香、味;2)选择适宜的辐照剂量是杭白菊综合保藏技术的关键之一,其中以3KGy～5KGy 的效果最佳。用10KGyr 射线处理杭白菊对其主要品质指标无明照影响:3)辐照剂最率不影响处理效果。
