In Japanese pharmacies, Drug Profile Books (DPBs), which are a type of Personal Health Record (PHR), are incorporated in order to prevent duplicate medication and drug interactions in outpatients (patients) through th...In Japanese pharmacies, Drug Profile Books (DPBs), which are a type of Personal Health Record (PHR), are incorporated in order to prevent duplicate medication and drug interactions in outpatients (patients) through the uniform management of drug administration information. In this study, we tried to clarify the effect on patient safety of brief interventions via DPBs by pharmacists. The study design was a randomized controlled trial on pharmacies as clusters. 65 pharmacies agreed to participate in the study (intervention group (IG): 33;control group (CG): 32). The primary outcomes were: rate of inquiry occurrence, rate of prescription change, and rates of duplicate medications & drug interactions. 56 pharmacies (IG: 29;CG: 27) completed the study. There was a higher tendency for prescription changes in the IG compared to the CG (IG: 0.03%;CG: 0.02%;P = 0.08). In addition, the rate of duplicate medications & drug interactions accounting for the inquiries was significantly higher in the IG than in the CG (IG: 89.2%;CG: 71.9%;P = 0.01). This implied that brief interventions by pharmacists using DPBs had an effect in raising patient safety.展开更多
目的 探讨欧洲药学监护网络(pharmaceutical care network of Europe,PCNE)分类系统用于解决泌尿外科药物相关问题(drugrelated problems,DRPs)及进行药学监护过程中的作用。方法 采用PCNE(9.1版)分类系统对某院3个典型泌尿外科患者发...目的 探讨欧洲药学监护网络(pharmaceutical care network of Europe,PCNE)分类系统用于解决泌尿外科药物相关问题(drugrelated problems,DRPs)及进行药学监护过程中的作用。方法 采用PCNE(9.1版)分类系统对某院3个典型泌尿外科患者发生的药物相关性问题(DRPs)进行药学干预分析。结果 3个病例中发生DRPs 1~3个,药物选择、剂量选择和治疗疗程是导致DRPs发生的主要原因。结论 药师借助PCNE分类系统可及时、准确识别DRPs,包括已发生的及潜在的DRPs,实现精准、完整的药学监护模式。展开更多
目的探究非药物干预对儿童呼吸道合胞病毒感染的临床特征的影响,为疫情放开后预防呼吸道合胞病毒感染提供依据。方法选取2018年至2021年期间我院住院患儿中确诊为RSV感染者960名,按时间分为无非药物干预期间(2018年至2019年)和非药物性...目的探究非药物干预对儿童呼吸道合胞病毒感染的临床特征的影响,为疫情放开后预防呼吸道合胞病毒感染提供依据。方法选取2018年至2021年期间我院住院患儿中确诊为RSV感染者960名,按时间分为无非药物干预期间(2018年至2019年)和非药物性干预(non-pharmaceutical interventions,NPIs)期间(2020年至2021年)两组,收集两组患儿的病例信息,分析两组临床特征情况。结果共有960例患儿,其中无NPIs期间400例,NPIs期间560例,<6月龄组儿童发病率最高(54.3%),重症率为4.2%,无死亡病例。无NPIs期间RSV感染全年散发,NPIs期间RSV感染率随NPIs执行程度变化而变化,无明显季节性变化。无NPIs期间患儿喘息的发生率较高(43.8%vs 37.1%)、患肺炎比例较高(73.0%vs 65.7%)、淋巴细胞百分比,血小板计数、血红蛋白及谷丙转氨酶、乳酸脱氢酶、谷草转移酶的异常频率所占比例较高,住院天数较长[(5.4±1.6)d vs(5.1±1.6)d],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。无NPIs期间RSV感染患儿呼吸频率(respiratory rate,RR)较高,达峰时间比(time to peak tidal expiratory flow as a proportion of expiratory time,TPEF/TE)、达峰容积比(volume to peak expiratory flow as a proportion of exhaled volume,VPEF/VE)较低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),重症发生率两个时期比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论NPIs期间RSV感染流行季节被扰乱,且RSV患儿的气道损伤较轻,两个时期重症率无变化。展开更多
目的系统评价非药物干预(non-pharmaceutical intervention,NPI)对轻度认知障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)患者抑郁的疗效和可接受性。方法检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、CINAHL、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据、...目的系统评价非药物干预(non-pharmaceutical intervention,NPI)对轻度认知障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)患者抑郁的疗效和可接受性。方法检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、CINAHL、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据、维普和CBM数据库自建库至2024年1月6日发表的NPI治疗MCI患者抑郁的随机对照试验,采用Stata14.0进行网状Meta分析。结果共纳入55篇文献,涉及10种NPI。根据优选概率排名曲线下面积(surface under the cumulative ranking curve,SUCRA),疗效排名前3位的依次为认知行为疗法(cognitive behavioral therapy,CBT)、中国传统运动(Chinese traditional sport,CTS)和艺术疗法;可接受性排名前3位的依次为CBT、CTS和健康教育。结论CBT和CTS可能是改善MCI患者抑郁有效且易接受的NPI,可根据患者情况制定个性化的干预以达到最佳效果。展开更多
文摘In Japanese pharmacies, Drug Profile Books (DPBs), which are a type of Personal Health Record (PHR), are incorporated in order to prevent duplicate medication and drug interactions in outpatients (patients) through the uniform management of drug administration information. In this study, we tried to clarify the effect on patient safety of brief interventions via DPBs by pharmacists. The study design was a randomized controlled trial on pharmacies as clusters. 65 pharmacies agreed to participate in the study (intervention group (IG): 33;control group (CG): 32). The primary outcomes were: rate of inquiry occurrence, rate of prescription change, and rates of duplicate medications & drug interactions. 56 pharmacies (IG: 29;CG: 27) completed the study. There was a higher tendency for prescription changes in the IG compared to the CG (IG: 0.03%;CG: 0.02%;P = 0.08). In addition, the rate of duplicate medications & drug interactions accounting for the inquiries was significantly higher in the IG than in the CG (IG: 89.2%;CG: 71.9%;P = 0.01). This implied that brief interventions by pharmacists using DPBs had an effect in raising patient safety.
文摘目的探究非药物干预对儿童呼吸道合胞病毒感染的临床特征的影响,为疫情放开后预防呼吸道合胞病毒感染提供依据。方法选取2018年至2021年期间我院住院患儿中确诊为RSV感染者960名,按时间分为无非药物干预期间(2018年至2019年)和非药物性干预(non-pharmaceutical interventions,NPIs)期间(2020年至2021年)两组,收集两组患儿的病例信息,分析两组临床特征情况。结果共有960例患儿,其中无NPIs期间400例,NPIs期间560例,<6月龄组儿童发病率最高(54.3%),重症率为4.2%,无死亡病例。无NPIs期间RSV感染全年散发,NPIs期间RSV感染率随NPIs执行程度变化而变化,无明显季节性变化。无NPIs期间患儿喘息的发生率较高(43.8%vs 37.1%)、患肺炎比例较高(73.0%vs 65.7%)、淋巴细胞百分比,血小板计数、血红蛋白及谷丙转氨酶、乳酸脱氢酶、谷草转移酶的异常频率所占比例较高,住院天数较长[(5.4±1.6)d vs(5.1±1.6)d],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。无NPIs期间RSV感染患儿呼吸频率(respiratory rate,RR)较高,达峰时间比(time to peak tidal expiratory flow as a proportion of expiratory time,TPEF/TE)、达峰容积比(volume to peak expiratory flow as a proportion of exhaled volume,VPEF/VE)较低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),重症发生率两个时期比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论NPIs期间RSV感染流行季节被扰乱,且RSV患儿的气道损伤较轻,两个时期重症率无变化。
文摘目的系统评价非药物干预(non-pharmaceutical intervention,NPI)对轻度认知障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)患者抑郁的疗效和可接受性。方法检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、CINAHL、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据、维普和CBM数据库自建库至2024年1月6日发表的NPI治疗MCI患者抑郁的随机对照试验,采用Stata14.0进行网状Meta分析。结果共纳入55篇文献,涉及10种NPI。根据优选概率排名曲线下面积(surface under the cumulative ranking curve,SUCRA),疗效排名前3位的依次为认知行为疗法(cognitive behavioral therapy,CBT)、中国传统运动(Chinese traditional sport,CTS)和艺术疗法;可接受性排名前3位的依次为CBT、CTS和健康教育。结论CBT和CTS可能是改善MCI患者抑郁有效且易接受的NPI,可根据患者情况制定个性化的干预以达到最佳效果。
