A new wide area damping controller design method considering signal transmission delay to damp interarea oscillations in power system

Wide area damping controller(WADC) is usually utilized to damp interarea low frequency oscillation in power system. However, conventional WADC design method neglects the influence of signal transmission delay and damping performance of WADC designed by the conventional method may deteriorate or even has no effect when signal transmission delay is beyond delay margin, an index that denotes delay endurance degree of power system. Therefore, a new design method for WADC under the condition of expected damping factor and required signal transmission delay is presented in this work. An improved delay margin with less conservatism is derived by adopting a new Lyapunov-Krasovskii function and more compact bounding technique on the derivative of Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional. The improved delay margin, which constructs the correlation of damping factor and signal transmission delay, can be used to design WADC. WADC designed by the proposed method can ensure that power system satisfies expected damping factor when WADC input signal is delayed within delay margin. Satisfactory test results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Architecture Design for Integrated Wide Area Protection and Control Systems

This paper firstly reviews the recent development in power system protection and control, with special attention paid to the wide-area and integrated protection, in order to look into future development of integration of protection and control for smart grids. This paper mainly reports on the development of integrated wide area protection and control for power systems. The concept of integrated wide area protection and control is introduced, in which a hierarchical protection and control system provides the protection and control of wide area or regional power substations/ plants and their associated power network. The system is mainly divided into three levels, the local, the substation/plant and the wide area/regional protection and control. The integrated functions at each level are described in details with an aim to develop an optimal coordination mechanism between the levels. One of the core elements in the system is the synchronised wide area communication network between the substations and the protection and control system, in which latest communication technology is employed. Another important player in the system is the wide area synchronized protection and control information platform, which not only enables the fusion three line of defence for power system protection and control, but also provides a perfect tool for the application of cloud computing to substations and power networks.

Advancement in Wide Area Monitoring Protection and Control Using PMU’s Model in MATLAB/SIMULINK

A big step forward to improve power system monitoring and performance, continued load growth without a corresponding increase in transmission resources has resulted in reduced operational margins for many power systems worldwide and has led to operation of power systems closer to their stability limits and to power exchange in new patterns. These issues, as well as the on-going worldwide trend towards deregulation of the entire industry on the one hand and the increased need for accurate and better network monitoring on the other hand, force power utilities exposed to this pressure to demand new solutions for wide area monitoring, protection and control. Wide-area monitoring, protection, and control require communicating the specific-node information to a remote station but all information should be time synchronized so that to neutralize the time difference between information. It gives a complete simultaneous snap shot of the power system. The conventional system is not able to satisfy the time-synchronized requirement of power system. Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) is enabler of time-synchronized measurement, it communicate the synchronized local information to remote station.

基于广域测量的汽轮发电机励磁反步控制方法

由于汽轮发电机励磁反步控制过程中没有实时获取发电机的运行数据,致使电机励磁反步控制效果较差,为此提出基于广域测量的汽轮发电机励磁反步控制方法。通过广域测量系统的同步相量测量单元,实时采集汽轮发电机功角与电流等运行数据,将采集的运行数据变更成标幺值形式,根据该形式建立汽轮发电机励磁控制的数学模型,获取励磁反步控制变量,并结合反步法,设计汽轮发电机励磁反步控制器,通过径向基函数神经网络估计控制器内的扰动,完成控制器扰动补偿。实验结果表明:该方法可精准采集汽轮发电机运行参数,有效反步控制汽轮发电机励磁,令汽轮发电机功角与转子角速度等迅速恢复至稳定状态,具备较优的反步控制效果;应用该方法后,可确保电网运行稳定性,降低故障后电网切机量。

多断面多通道互联电网广域失步解列控制系统设计及实施

总结分析了多断面多通道区域互联电网失步振荡时可能存在的多断面失步存在选择性、同一断面不同通道失步不同时以及同一断面上部分通道失步特性不明显等特性,针对现有就地失步解列方案不适应上述特性的问题,采用基于就地装置动作允许命令,利用远方通信构建的广域失步解列系统方法,根据考虑解决现有就地失步解列方案问题、与现有就地失步解列功能的配合、系统防误设计以及异常情况下控制策略处理逻辑等主要设计原则,设计并实施了南方电网广域失步解列控制系统。RTDS仿真试验结果表明,该系统能够正确响应,有选择、快速、可靠地采取既定措施同时解列相关断面,有效解决现有就地失步解列方案的局限性,满足实际系统运行需要。

大电网广域安全稳定控制系统远传测试技术研究

为应对电力系统数字化、复杂化导致的安全稳定控制系统可靠性降低的问题,研究了一种大电网广域安全稳定控制系统远传测试技术,通过对关键技术的研究应用,构建大电网广域安控系统远传测试系统,实现对安控系统的系统级功能逻辑及动作可靠性检测。最后基于该技术搭建测试系统并进行验证,结果表明:该测试系统能够方便快捷地实现异地安控系统联合测试,具有较高的应用价值。

WF-IoT融合物联网技术在铁路隧道照明中的应用研究

WF-IoT融合物联网技术具有自主组网及无线节点多的优点,在物联系统中应用较多。传统铁路隧道照明系统结构复杂,灯具供电、控制需要分别架设电缆,远程监控也要布设通信网络,照明模式单一,电缆消耗量大、施工周期长。为了克服传统系统不足,以含有WF-IoT协议的LED光源作为隧道照明灯具,每个灯具独立控制,由灯具作为通信节点在隧道内部构成无中心的无线物联网,通过网关与铁路专网连接实现远程监控管理。该系统在隧道内部无需设置照明控制箱、控制线路和通信线缆,不仅能够满足巡检照明的需求,也可实现预设的照明模式。基于灯具节点构建的WF-IoT无线网络还可用于隧道内部其他设备的监控。该技术为铁路隧道照明提供了一种新方案。

A Delay-dependent Dynamic Wide Area Damping Controller for Renewable Energy Integrated Power System Resilient to Communication Failure

Integration of renewable energy sources(RES)with a conventional power system has a detrimental effect on interarea oscillation.Most popular RESs are solar photovoltaic(PV)and wind energy conversion systems(WECS).Both solar PV power generation and WECS are integrated with power systems using a power electronic converter.Increasing the amount of RES generation lead towards reduction of system damping,which leads towards inter-area oscillation.Also,the intermittent behavior of a RES reduces the effectiveness of damping controllers.A dynamic controller based wide area damping controller(WADC)is proposed in this paper to increase small signal stability of a RES integrated power system.The WADC is designed for contemplating delay in a communication channel,communication failure and saturation.An anti-windup compensator is developed to overcome the effect of actuator saturation.However,the gain of the anti-windup compensator is calculated using LyapunovKrasovskii functional(LKF)in terms of linear matrix inequality(LMI).The actuator considered in this paper is a unified power flow controller(UPFC).Efficacy of PV and wind power integration on power system is also observed.The efficacy of the developed dynamic controller is verified using IEEE 39 bus and 68 bus power system.

基于自适应虚拟电阻的广域有源阻尼器

并网逆变器是分布式发电系统与电网之间的电能变换接口,然而,随着分布式电源的广泛分布,并网的公共耦合点(point of common coupling,PCC)和电网之间含有较长的输电线路、较多的隔离变压器,导致电网和发电系统之间联络变弱,电网等效阻抗增加,电网呈现弱电网特性.并网逆变器与电网弱联络时,并网逆变器的锁相环(phase-locked loop,PLL)、电流控制环的控制作用会在较广的频域内引入负阻尼,可能导致系统在广域范围内失稳.为了解决这一问题,本文建立了考虑PLL影响的并网逆变器广域阻抗模型,提出了基于阻抗分析的广域稳定性判据,并在此基础上通过在PCC点并联有源阻尼来稳定系统的方法设计了一个广域有源阻尼器,将其并联连接到PCC点,使其在PCC点合成一个并联阻尼电阻以抑制系统产生的谐振.当系统工况发生变化时,通过提取PCC点谐振电压并利用谐波含量限制的方法来自适应调节虚拟电阻值,实现广域范围内镇定系统的效果.最后在MATLAB/Simulink中搭建了并网逆变器等值系统模型,通过时域仿真验证了该广域有源阻尼器的正确性和有效性.仿真结果表明,并网逆变器与电网弱联络时,PLL、电流控制环控制作用等会引起广域谐振稳定性问题,所设计的广域有源阻尼器能有效抑制广域范围内的谐振,且当系统联络突然发生变化时,也可以有效实现系统的广域镇定.

Comparison and Performance Analysis of FACTs Controller in System Stability

In large inter connected power systems, inter-area oscillations are turned to be a severe problem. Hence inter-area oscillations cause severe problems like damage to generators, reduce the power transfer capability of transmission lines, increase wear and tear on network components, increase line losses etc. This paper is to maintain the stability of system by damping inter-area oscillations. Implementation of new equipment consists of high power electronics based technologies such as FACTs and proper controller design has become an essential to provide better damping performance than Power System Stabilizer (PSS). With development of Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS), remote signals have become as feedback signals to design Wide Area Damping Controller (WADC) for FACTs devices. In this work, POD is applied to both SVC and SSSC. Simulation studies are carried out in Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT) environment to evaluate the effectiveness of the FACTs controller in a large area power system. Results show that extensive analysis of FACTs controller for improving stability of system.

内埋式光电搜索瞄准指示系统的广域扫描控制技术

研制了一款适用于隐身机载平台的内埋式光电搜索瞄准指示系统,该系统具备广域侦察、凝视监视、激光测距、激光照射等功能。推导并验证了地理稳定结合快调反射镜光学像移补偿的广域扫描控制技术,基于样机在实验室和外场开展算法验证。试验结果表明,该系统在成像清晰前提下实现了二维无缝广域扫描搜索功能,能够对扫描视频图像进行实时拼接和显示,满足信息化战争对目标侦察、监视和指示的功能要求。

含广域混合储能互联电力系统的负荷频率控制

为解决电力系统调频存在的灵活性资源不足和调节特性欠佳问题,针对抽水蓄能和电池储能广域接入情况下的互联电力系统,提出一种基于分布式模型预测控制的负荷频率协调优化控制方法。首先,根据互联电力系统中各主要元件的频率响应特性,建立互联电力系统频率响应的状态空间模型;然后,充分考虑系统受到的各种约束,确定优化控制目标,分别对各区域的控制器进行设计;最后,对所提负荷频率协调优化控制方法的可行性和有效性进行仿真验证。结果显示该方法不仅对广域混合储能互联电力系统的频率响应特性有很好的改善,而且当系统频率发生变化时,能够使不同储能形式进行合理的响应。

基于智能云模型的广域阻尼控制器设计

互联电力系统极易发生区间低频振荡,且系统精确数学模型难以获得。为此,提出了一种基于智能云模型的广域阻尼控制器的设计方法。从多规则二维云发生器出发,详细介绍了智能云模型广域阻尼控制器的设计方法。通过调整量化、比例因子,提高控制精度并获得普适性。仿真结果表明:方法的控制效果优于模糊控制,所设计的控制器能够有效抑制区间低频振荡,提高系统的稳定性,在多区域互联大电网中具有可行性。

新型配电系统分布式源网荷储资源广域电压自趋优管控方法

不同于单纯电能分配的传统配电网,新型配电系统逐步展现出源-网-荷-储等众多资源的强耦合强关联复杂大系统形态,其各类资源呈现出“点多、面广、量少”的广域分布特征。挖掘可再生能源发电、分布式储能及柔性负荷等分布式资源的广域电压调控潜力对构建源网荷储高度融合的新型配电系统具有重要意义。文中提出了一种基于数据驱动的新型配电系统分布式源网荷储资源广域电压自趋优管控方法,通过可再生能源发电、储能及柔性负荷等分布式资源的综合协同控制,在保证储能后备容量和降低网损的同时能够提高配电网广域电压质量。最后,以某城市配电网为例验证了所提方法的有效性和先进性,比传统调压方法更加契合新型配电系统的电压调控需求。

基于广域信息交互的电网侧储能省地有功协同控制技术

为了充分整合省/地电网侧储能资源,解决电网调峰、调频、内部断面过载等问题,文中对电网侧储能省地有功协同控制技术展开研究。以现有智能电网调控系统为基础,依托省/地调度主站自动发电控制(AGC)实现储能控制建模,通过广域信息交互技术实现省地间储能指令信息的快速传递,在AGC主控制区外建立储能控制区,将地调下辖储能聚合为等效集中储能,与省调储能共同参与省调统一决策,并提出了一种考虑荷电状态(SOC)均衡的储能功率分配策略,通过快速缩小省/地调侧储能间SOC差异,提高储能资源的可调节能力。最后,通过中国某省级电力调度控制中心的实际运行效果验证所提策略的有效性,实现省级调度中心对全省电网侧储能的采集监视和紧急情况下的省地协同控制。

暂态功角多群失稳机制及基于广域支路响应的阻断控制

暂态功角稳定存在三群失稳和多群失稳模式,一旦发生电网崩溃垮网的风险极大。首先建立了三机群等值机互联模型,揭示了两群失稳模式发生后领先机群与滞后机群功角摆幅增大过程中,中间机群电磁功率输出特性及演进为三群失稳模式的机制;其次,解析了三群失稳模式下网络节点电压幅值与相位的分布规律以及电压零值点迁移特征,分析了多群失稳模式演变过程;再次,基于支路暂态输电能力指数识别关键支路,并结合其响应特征,提出了阻断三群、多群失稳模式的主动解列控制和解列后的恢复控制策略。面向多集群水电外送系统以及严重故障扰动,仿真验证了阻断控制及恢复控制的有效性。

基于广域网和多Agent的高压电网站间实时控制方法

受到自身电能数据调配二次运算产生时差的影响,在电站间数据交互过程中,站间设备控制出现精度降低和实时性差的问题。为此,研究基于广域网和多Agent的高压电站间实时控制方法。通过对高压电控制参量与电站间交互协议特征分析,采用广域网算法作为高压电站数据控制基础算法,结合多Agent分布特性,优化电站间交互信道,并量化修正补偿策略,提升高压电站间控制过程的自适应性与实时性。数据测试表明:提出方法应对30万千伏高压电控制时,电站间数据控制精度更好,控制方法的自适应效果与实时稳定性较优。

智能牵引供电系统网络化广域保护通信通道

以数字化、智能化为特征的智能高铁,系统内各要素之间信息充分流通,实现信息空间和物理空间内数据实时共享、交互。数据信息的流通离不开通信技术的支撑和通信通道的建设。智能牵引供电系统是智能高铁的重要组成部分,文章以供电系统中的广域保护测控系统对通信通道的需求为出发点,分析其技术要求和组网方案,并结合现场实例说明了通信通道的重要性。

配电网继电保护的创新路径研究

继电保护作为配电网的重要组成部分,不仅可以促进配电网的稳定运行,还有助于减少突发事件对配电网所产生的影响。但随着配电网建设规模的逐渐扩大,传统的继电保护已无法满足需求。文章基于配电网继电保护的概念和原理,分析了配电网继电保护创新的必要性,并提出了具体的创新措施,以期保障电力系统的安全稳定运行,助力于我国电力行业的进一步发展。

城市天然气智慧管控平台建设与运行管理

进入21世纪,随着IT技术、网络技术、管理技术的发展,生产型企业的管理层逐渐意识到“管理出效益”的重要性,早期一个生产企业一般就有一两个信息化系统,类似SCADA系统、视频监控系统、OA系统等。管理层在原先“只监不管”基础上,逐渐投资建设相关信息化系统,如GIS系统、巡检系统、综合调度系统、智慧燃气等,结合相关的管理措施,使得企业的生产效益得到了有力的提升。