A compact and broadband circularly polarized （CP） annular ring antenna with wide beam-width is proposed for multiple global navigation satellite systems （GNSS） in the L1 band. The annular ring is excited by two mo...A compact and broadband circularly polarized （CP） annular ring antenna with wide beam-width is proposed for multiple global navigation satellite systems （GNSS） in the L1 band. The annular ring is excited by two modified L-probes with quadrature phase difference. It has a 36.3% 10-dB return loss bandwidth and a 13% 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth, because of the orthogonal L-probes with 90° phase difference. The measured peak gain of the antenna is 3.9 dBic. It can detect the satellites at lower elevation as its half power beam-width （HPBW） is 113° in both the x-z and y-z planes, achieving a cross-polarization level of larger than 25 dB. Noticeably, the antenna achieves 89% size reduction compared with the conventional half wavelength patch antennas. It can be used in hand-held navigation devices of multiple GNSS such as COMPASS, Galileo, GPS and GLONASS.展开更多
为明确宽幅精播条件下冬小麦高产高效的适宜施氮量,于2020—2022年在山东省兖州小麦试验站进行田间试验,供试品种为济麦22。在宽幅精播条件下,设置5个处理,分别为不施氮(N0)、施氮150 kg hm^(-2)(N1)、180 kg hm^(-2)(N2)、210 kg hm^(-...为明确宽幅精播条件下冬小麦高产高效的适宜施氮量,于2020—2022年在山东省兖州小麦试验站进行田间试验,供试品种为济麦22。在宽幅精播条件下,设置5个处理,分别为不施氮(N0)、施氮150 kg hm^(-2)(N1)、180 kg hm^(-2)(N2)、210 kg hm^(-2)(N3)、240 kg hm^(-2)(N4),研究施氮量对冬小麦耗水特性、旗叶衰老特性、荧光特性和籽粒产量的影响。结果表明,N2处理显著增加了60~120 cm土层土壤水分的吸收利用,与N3和N4处理相比,N2处理有效减少了开花前无效分蘖的水分消耗,降低了总耗水量。N2处理开花后日耗水量高,显著增加了旗叶抗氧化酶活性,其开花后14~28 d旗叶荧光参数显著高于其他处理。N2和N3处理籽粒产量和水分利用效率显著高于其他处理,但N2处理氮肥农学效率最高,较N1、N3、N4处理分别高6.88%、10.60%、45.37%(2020—2021年)和7.03%、13.56%、43.71%(2021—2022年)。综上所述,施氮180 kg hm^(-2)处理可提高冬小麦对深层土壤水分的吸收利用,增加开花至成熟期阶段耗水量,延缓旗叶衰老,提高籽粒产量与水氮利用效率,是本试验条件下的最优处理。展开更多
In this paper, a compact coplanar epsilon.negative(ENG) antenna is proposed with ultra.wide operation band and small size of 18×11.5 mm2. The proposed antenna is designed based on a coplanar.waveguide(CPW) feedin...In this paper, a compact coplanar epsilon.negative(ENG) antenna is proposed with ultra.wide operation band and small size of 18×11.5 mm2. The proposed antenna is designed based on a coplanar.waveguide(CPW) feeding antenna, and thus the via.free structure is employed to realize the ENG unit cell, which is convenient to tune the frequency of zeroth.order resonance(ZOR) and extends the ZOR bandwidth. The high.order resonant frequencies are achieved and mainly determined by the separate slots that are located between the radiating patch and the ground plane. Adding the left.handed inductance between the radiating patch and ground has slight impact on the high.order resonant frequencies, and then the ultra.wide band is achieved by merging the ZOR bandwidth with the high.order resonant bandwidths. The ground plane primarily works as a matching network for the proposed antenna. Although it generates a low.frequency resonance, the performance is undesirable due to the impedance mismatching. The measured results show that the reflection coefficient, |S11| <.10 d B, is in a wide frequency range from 5.25 to 13 GHz, which covers the upper operation band of UWB communication. Also, the antenna contains relatively stable gains and omni.directional radiation patterns.展开更多
基金supported by the NSFC-Guangdong (Grant No.U1035002) and NSFC-NSAF (Grant No.10976010)National Key Project of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2009ZX03006-003)the Technology Key Projects of Guangdong Province of China (Grant Nos.2009A080207006 and 2009A080207002)
文摘A compact and broadband circularly polarized （CP） annular ring antenna with wide beam-width is proposed for multiple global navigation satellite systems （GNSS） in the L1 band. The annular ring is excited by two modified L-probes with quadrature phase difference. It has a 36.3% 10-dB return loss bandwidth and a 13% 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth, because of the orthogonal L-probes with 90° phase difference. The measured peak gain of the antenna is 3.9 dBic. It can detect the satellites at lower elevation as its half power beam-width （HPBW） is 113° in both the x-z and y-z planes, achieving a cross-polarization level of larger than 25 dB. Noticeably, the antenna achieves 89% size reduction compared with the conventional half wavelength patch antennas. It can be used in hand-held navigation devices of multiple GNSS such as COMPASS, Galileo, GPS and GLONASS.
文摘为明确宽幅精播条件下冬小麦高产高效的适宜施氮量,于2020—2022年在山东省兖州小麦试验站进行田间试验,供试品种为济麦22。在宽幅精播条件下,设置5个处理,分别为不施氮(N0)、施氮150 kg hm^(-2)(N1)、180 kg hm^(-2)(N2)、210 kg hm^(-2)(N3)、240 kg hm^(-2)(N4),研究施氮量对冬小麦耗水特性、旗叶衰老特性、荧光特性和籽粒产量的影响。结果表明,N2处理显著增加了60~120 cm土层土壤水分的吸收利用,与N3和N4处理相比,N2处理有效减少了开花前无效分蘖的水分消耗,降低了总耗水量。N2处理开花后日耗水量高,显著增加了旗叶抗氧化酶活性,其开花后14~28 d旗叶荧光参数显著高于其他处理。N2和N3处理籽粒产量和水分利用效率显著高于其他处理,但N2处理氮肥农学效率最高,较N1、N3、N4处理分别高6.88%、10.60%、45.37%(2020—2021年)和7.03%、13.56%、43.71%(2021—2022年)。综上所述,施氮180 kg hm^(-2)处理可提高冬小麦对深层土壤水分的吸收利用,增加开花至成熟期阶段耗水量,延缓旗叶衰老,提高籽粒产量与水氮利用效率,是本试验条件下的最优处理。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSF) under Grant 61531016National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSF) under Grant 61271090+1 种基金Sichuan province science and technology support project under Grant 2016GZ0059Sichuan province science and technology support project under Grant 2017GZ0110
文摘In this paper, a compact coplanar epsilon.negative(ENG) antenna is proposed with ultra.wide operation band and small size of 18×11.5 mm2. The proposed antenna is designed based on a coplanar.waveguide(CPW) feeding antenna, and thus the via.free structure is employed to realize the ENG unit cell, which is convenient to tune the frequency of zeroth.order resonance(ZOR) and extends the ZOR bandwidth. The high.order resonant frequencies are achieved and mainly determined by the separate slots that are located between the radiating patch and the ground plane. Adding the left.handed inductance between the radiating patch and ground has slight impact on the high.order resonant frequencies, and then the ultra.wide band is achieved by merging the ZOR bandwidth with the high.order resonant bandwidths. The ground plane primarily works as a matching network for the proposed antenna. Although it generates a low.frequency resonance, the performance is undesirable due to the impedance mismatching. The measured results show that the reflection coefficient, |S11| <.10 d B, is in a wide frequency range from 5.25 to 13 GHz, which covers the upper operation band of UWB communication. Also, the antenna contains relatively stable gains and omni.directional radiation patterns.
