Comparative genomics of widespread and narrow-range white-bellied rats in the Niviventer niviventer species complex sheds light on invasive rodent success

Widespread species that inhabit diverse environments possess large population sizes and exhibit a high capacity for environmental adaptation,thus enabling range expansion.In contrast,narrow-range species are confined to restricted geographical areas and are ecologically adapted to narrow environmental conditions,thus limiting their ability to expand into novel environments.However,the genomic mechanisms underlying the differentiation between closely related species with varying distribution ranges remain poorly understood.The Niviventer niviventer species complex(NNSC),consisting of highly abundant wild rats in Southeast Asia and China,offers an excellent opportunity to investigate these questions due to the presence of both widespread and narrow-range species that are phylogenetically closely related.In the present study,we combined ecological niche modeling with phylogenetic analysis,which suggested that sister species cannot be both widespread and dominant within the same geographical region.Moreover,by assessing heterozygosity,linkage disequilibrium decay,and Tajima's D analysis,we found that widespread species exhibited higher genetic diversity than narrow-range species.In addition,by exploring the“genomic islands of speciation”,we identified 13 genes in highly divergent regions that were shared by the two widespread species,distinguishing them from their narrow-range counterparts.Functional annotation analysis indicated that these genes are involved in nervous system development and regulation.The adaptive evolution of these genes likely played an important role in the speciation of these widespread species.

Adult-onset hypophosphatemic osteomalacia as a cause of widespread musculoskeletal pain:A retrospective case series of single center experience

BACKGROUND Osteomalacia(OM)is frequently confused with various musculoskeletal or other rheumatic diseases,especially in patients with adult-onset widespread musculoskeletal pain because of its low prevalence and non-specific manifestations.AIM To facilitate the early diagnosis and etiology-specific treatment of adult-onset hypophosphatemic OM.METHODS A retrospective review of medical records was performed to screen adult patients who visited a physiatry locomotive medicine clinic(spine and musculoskeletal pain clinic)primarily presenting with widespread musculoskeletal pain at a single tertiary hospital between January 2011 and December 2019.We enrolled patients with hypophosphatemia,high serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase levels,and at least one imaging finding suggestive of OM.RESULTS Eight patients with adult-onset hypophosphatemic OM were included.The back was the most common site of pain.Proximal dominant symmetric muscle weakness was observed in more than half of the patients.Bone scintigraphy was the most useful imaging modality for diagnosing OM because radiotracer uptake in OM showed characteristic patterns.Six patients were diagnosed with adefovir(ADV)-induced Fanconi syndrome,and the other two patients were diagnosed with tumor-induced OM and light-chain nephropathy,respectively.After phosphorus and vitamin D supplementation and treatment for the underlying etiologies,improvements in pain,muscle strength,and gait were observed in all patients.CONCLUSION Mechanical pain characteristics,hypophosphatemia,and distinctive bone scintigraphy patterns are the initial diagnostic indicators of adult-onset hypophosphatemic OM.ADV-induced Fanconi syndrome is the most common etiology of hypophosphatemic OM in hepatitis B virus-endemic countries.

Widespread Methane Seep Activities along the Western Slope of the Okinawa Trough, East China Sea

The westem slope of the Okinawa trough has been considered to experience important methane seep activities. Abundant terrigenous sediments supply and widely developed normal faults make this area an ideal place for methane production, methane fluids migration and associated anaerobic oxidation of methane.

The Strategy of Widespread Fatigue Damage in FMP System

As is known, widespread fatigue damage （WFD） is a common phenomenon of aging aircraft being a negative impact on safety and reliability. The current FAR 25. 571 （b） requires that ＂An LOV （ Limit of Validi- ty） must be established, during which it is demonstrated that widespread fatigue damage will not occur in the air- craft structures＂. The FAA issued AC 91-82A in August 2011 providing guidance on developing and implemen- ting a Fatigue Management Program （FMP） system to address in-service issues for metallic fatigue critical struc- tures. This action brings new challenges to aircraft manufacturers in China. This paper introduces the problem of widespread fatigue damage including the MSD（ multiple site damage） and MED（ multiple element damage） and the differences between them and the steps to establish the LOV/ELOV（ Extended limit of validity）. Authors in this paper is also proposing some management indicators to control WFD during the design phase and mainte- nance. Developing and implementing the management indicators to address WFD which are involved in the FMP system may provide guidance on the estimation and management to address WFD for present and future aircraft. Finally, some suggestions are put forward to provide the theoretical basis for large civil aircraft design and airwor- thiness.

New Report Shows Widespread Benefits

WASHINGTON, DC, August 2, 2007 — The US-China Business Council (USCBC) today released the full analysis of US exports to China from all 435 districts in the US House of Representatives. "This report illustrates the widespread benefits to the US economy that have resulted from growing US exports to China," said USCBC President John Frisbie. "The report also acts as a reminder to Congress to keep the benefits of trade in mind when crafting legislation that may affect the US-China commercial relationship," Frisbie continued.

Establishment of a new method of digital orthopedic surgery and its widespread clinical application

Objective To create an unique new method of digital orthopedic surgery and widely apply to spinal surgery,treatment of bone and joint injuries,ligament reconstruction and repair,bone minor resection and reconstruction,serious bone and

Widespread and active piezotolerant microorganisms mediate phenolic compound degradation under high hydrostatic pressure in hadal trenches

Phenolic compounds,as well as other aromatic compounds,have been reported to be abundant in hadal trenches.Although high-throughput sequencing studies have hinted at the potential of hadal microbes to degrade these compounds,direct microbiological,genetic and biochemical evidence under in situ pressures remain absent.Here,a microbial consortium and a pure culture of Pseudomonas,newly isolated from Mariana Trench sediments,efficiently degraded phenol under pressures up to 70 and 60 MPa,respectively,with concomitant increase in biomass.By analyzing a high-pressure(70 MPa)culture metatranscriptome,not only was the entire range of metabolic processes under high pressure generated,but also genes encod-ing complete phenol degradation via ortho-and meta-cleavage pathways were revealed.The isolate of Pseudomonas also contained genes encoding the complete degradation pathway.Six transcribed genes(dmpKLMNOP_(sed))were functionally identified to encode a multicomponent hydroxylase catalyzing the hydroxylation of phenol and its methylated derivatives by heterogeneous expression.In addition,key catabolic genes identified in the metatranscriptome of the high-pressure cultures and genomes of bacterial isolates were found to be all widely distributed in 22 published hadal microbial metagenomes.At microbiological,genetic,bioinformatics,and biochemical levels,this study found that microorganisms widely found in hadal trenches were able to effectively drive phenolic compound degradation under high hydrostatic pressures.This information will bridge a knowledge gap concerning the microbial aromatics degradation within hadal trenches.

Corrigendum to“Incidental bilateral ovarian paraganglioma of uterine fibroid with widespread adenomyosis:A case report”[Gynecol Obstet Clin Med 2(4)(2022)208–210]

The authors regret having a mistake in the article title‘Incidental bilateral ovarian paraganglioma of uterine fibroid with widespread adenomyosis:A case report’and change it to‘Incidental bilateral ovarian paraganglioma in the background of uterine fibroid and widespread adenomyosis:A case report’.The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.

非共线多裂纹结构的剩余强度分析与评估

针对老龄飞机的广布疲劳损伤(Widespread Fatigue Damage,WFD)评估问题,通过试验方法研究了不同结构参数对非共线多裂纹结构剩余强度的影响,修正原有剩余强度评估方法中的缺陷,提出改进的净截面屈服准则和改进的Irwin塑性区连通准则,获得更准确的评估结果。改进的净截面屈服准则评估结果误差小,适用范围广,可以评估铆钉孔间距和铆钉孔直径对结构剩余强度的影响;改进的Irwin塑性区连通准则在铆钉孔间距大于10mm时,有较准确的评估结果,还可以评估裂纹分布位置对剩余强度的影响。

远端脊髓节段星形胶质细胞活化介导神经损伤诱发的播散性疼痛

目的探讨中枢神经系统中远端脊髓节段胶质细胞活化与播散性疼痛的关系。方法50只雌性大鼠随机分为假手术(sham)组、眶下神经慢性压迫性损伤(CCI-ION)组、CCI-ION+米诺环素(Mino)组、CCI-ION+L-2-氨基己二酸(LAA)组和CCI-ION+生理盐水(NS)组,每组n=10。建立CCI-ION模型,鞘内注射Mino、LAA和生理盐水,利用免疫荧光染色分别检测延髓、颈段、胸段、腰段脊髓节段中活化的星形胶质细胞标记物自身免疫性胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)和小胶质细胞标记物离子钙结合衔接分子1(IBA1);在第7、14、21、28天,使用von Frey纤维丝评估大鼠触须垫机械痛阈值,并采用电子von Frey仪测量大鼠前足、胸部及后足机械痛阈值,用辐射热痛刺激仪测量大鼠后足热痛阈值。结果结果显示,鞘内注射Mino抑制小胶质细胞后,各脊髓节段活化的小胶质细胞减少,鞘内注射LAA抑制星形胶质细胞后,各脊髓节段活化的星形胶质细胞减少,且注射Mino和LAA后,模型组大鼠触须垫机械痛阈升高,损伤部位的神经病理性疼痛缓解。鞘内注射Mino后,模型组大鼠后足热痛阈和机械痛阈未发现明显变化;鞘内注射LAA后,后足热痛阈和机械痛阈显著升高,播散性疼痛缓解。结论远端脊髓节段星形胶质细胞活化介导外周神经损伤诱发的播散性疼痛。

Genomic and enzymatic evidence for acetogenesis among multiple lineages of the archaeal phylum Bathyarchaeota widespread in marine sediments

With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and China Ocean Mineral Resources R&D Association,the research team led by Prof.Wang Fengping(王风平)from Shanghai JiaoTong University,in cooperation with Prof.Li Meng from ShenZhen University,and Prof.Stefan M.Sievert from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,revealed the metabolic function of largely unknown sedi-

“工匠型”教师:新时代职业教育教师队伍建设的新趋向

“工匠型”教师是既具有教师特质又具有工匠特质的教师,是匠德与师德、匠心与师心、匠魂与师魂、匠术与师术有机结合的富有工匠精神的教师。培养和打造“工匠型”教师已成为新时代职业教育教师队伍建设的新趋向,他们是职业教育的支撑者、职教政策的执行者、“工匠人才”的塑造者。培养“工匠型”教师,可采取以下策略:强化对“工匠型”教师的广泛认同,确立“工匠型”教师的任职标准,搭建“工匠型”教师队伍建设的支撑平台,建立“工匠型”教师队伍建设的运行机制。

NAD^(+)-capped RNAs are widespread in rice(Oryza sativa)and spatiotemporally modulated during development

Dear Editor,Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD+),a nucleotidecontaining metabolite,can be incorporated as an RNA 5′cap to form NAD^(+)-capped RNAs(NAD-RNAs),which have been identified in bacteria,yeast,mammalian cells and Arabidopsis thaliana(Hu et al.,2021).Most NAD-RNAs are m RNAs encoded by the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes。

自媒体舆论监督对象的边界研究——基于大规模业余化的专业性重构

自媒体舆论监督的大规模业余化重塑了舆论监督的对象范围,进一步实现了公民知情、表达、监督的民主权利,但也给舆论监督的价值实现带来冲击,使人格权保护面临挑战。《民法典》以“公共利益”划定舆论监督享有免责事由的界限,却因抽象性难以对监督对象的边界作出回应,文章从专业性重构的角度出发,明确自媒体舆论监督对象的三个公共利益指向——道德指向、价值指向、议题指向,通过修正监督对象边界,重构其应有之公共利益品格。

Widespread complex organic molecules in the Galactic center

With the support by the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,a research group led by Prof.Shen Zhiqiang（沈志强）from Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences reports the detection of widespread CH2OHCHO（glycolaldehyde） and

Depression Widespread in N.Y. after Attacks

The Sept. 11 attacks on New York’s World Trade Center did more than destroy the twin towers and kill nearly 3,000 people, they also plunged New Yorkers into depression and shell shock at twice the normal rate for most Americans, new research found. 最新调查发现,对纽约世贸中心发动的9·11袭击事件。

欧盟国家的腐败--基于2005—2019年特别欧洲晴雨表调查的分析

人们普遍认为欧洲尤其是北欧和西欧国家廉洁程度较高,欧盟2005—2019年特别欧洲晴雨表调查的结果却与人们的感受有较大的差距。欧盟的调查数据显示,腐败是欧盟国家的主要问题,腐败比较普遍,公众日常生活受到腐败影响,公众经历或目睹过腐败案件或公共服务过程中被要求提供贿赂,对腐败容忍度较高,这与欧盟各国惩治腐败力度和效果不理想、预防腐败的制度措施有漏洞缺陷、腐败文化土壤较深厚、公众参与反腐积极性不高有关。欧盟国家腐败分布不均衡,民生领域的腐败普遍弱于政治领域的腐败。欧盟国家腐败具有结构化特征,内生于特定的政治体制之中,公众悲观情绪蔓延,目前难以看到明显好转的迹象。

The science of saline lakes:the need for a multidisciplinary approach

Saline lakes are widespread on all continents.Since 1979,an informal international association of salt lake researchers from a variety of disciplines has sponsored a series of triennial conferences to foster scientific exchange and our understanding of saline lakes.International Society for Salt Lake Research(ISSLR,www.isslr.org)was founded in 1994 to establish effective liaison between persons interested in any aspect of inland saline waters,to encourage these interests,and to educate the public in the scientific use,management,and conservation of salt lakes.ISSLR conferences are held triennially.The conferences are usually hosted by a local University or research institution and provide an excellent opportunity for networking among globally dispe rsed researchers.

Childhood Sexual Abuse and Quality of Life in Chinese Undergraduates: the Mediating Role of Resilience

Childhood sexual abuse(CSA)is a widespread and serious public health concern,with long-term impacts on overall health in adulthood.According to a systematic review published in 2018,the prevalence of CSA in China ranges from 11.6%to 20.2%[1].A longitudinal study from New Zealand demonstrated that CSA negatively influences a broad range of adult developmental outcomes,including mental disorders,psychological wellbeing,sexual risk-taking,physical health,and socioeconomic wellbeing[2].Therefore,CSA is considered a longterm hazard to the overall health of adults and is associated with poor quality of life(QoL).