Improvement of energy resolution of x-ray transition-edge sensor using K-means algorithm and Wiener filter

We develop an x-ray Ti/Au transition-edge sensor(TES)with an Au absorber deposited on the center of TES and improved its energy resolution using the K-means clustering algorithm in combination with Wiener filter.We firstly extract the main parameters of each recorded pulse trace,which are adopted to classify these traces into several clusters in the K-means clustering algorithm.Then real traces are selected for energy resolution analysis.Following the baseline correction,the Wiener filter is used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio.Although the silicon underneath the TES has not been etched to reduce the thermal conductance,the energy resolution of the developed x-ray TES is improved from 94 eV to 44 eV at 5.9 keV.

Combined Adaptive Multiple Subtraction Based on Optimized Event Tracing and Extended Wiener Filtering

The surface-related multiple elimination(SRME) method is based on feedback formulation and has become one of the most preferred multiple suppression methods used. However, some differences are apparent between the predicted multiples and those in the source seismic records, which may result in conventional adaptive multiple subtraction methods being barely able to effectively suppress multiples in actual production. This paper introduces a combined adaptive multiple attenuation method based on the optimized event tracing technique and extended Wiener filtering. The method firstly uses multiple records predicted by SRME to generate a multiple velocity spectrum, then separates the original record to an approximate primary record and an approximate multiple record by applying the optimized event tracing method and short-time window FK filtering method. After applying the extended Wiener filtering method, residual multiples in the approximate primary record can then be eliminated and the damaged primary can be restored from the approximate multiple record. This method combines the advantages of multiple elimination based on the optimized event tracing method and the extended Wiener filtering technique. It is an ideal method for suppressing typical hyperbolic and other types of multiples, with the advantage of minimizing damage of the primary. Synthetic and field data tests show that this method produces better multiple elimination results than the traditional multi-channel Wiener filter method and is more suitable for multiple elimination in complicated geological areas.

Noise degradation system using Wiener filter and CORDIC based FFT/IFFT processor

On augmentation of past work, an effective Wiener filter and its application for noise suppression combined with a formed CORDIC based FFT/IFFT processor with improved speed were executed. The pipelined methodology was embraced for expanding the execution of the system. The proposed Wiener filter was planned in such an approach to evacuate the iteration issues in ordinary Wiener filter. The division process was supplanted by a productive inverse and multiplication process in the proposed design. An enhanced design for matrix inverse with reduced computation complexity was executed. The wide-ranging framework processing was focused around IEEE-754 standard single precision floating point numbers. The Wiener filter and the entire system design was integrated and actualized on VIRTEX 5 FPGA stage and re-enacted to approve the results in Xilinx ISE 13.4. The results show that a productive decrease in power and area is developed by adjusting the proposed technique for speech signal noise degradation with latency of n/2 clock cycles and substantial throughput result per every 12 clock cycles for n-bit precision. The execution of proposed design is exposed to be 31.35% more effective than that of prevailing strategies.

Receiver Function Estimated by Wiener Filtering

Wiener filtering is used to estimate receiver function in a time_domain. With the vertical component of 3_component teleseismic P waveform as the input of a Wiener filter, receiver function as the filter response, and radial and tangential components as the expected output, receiver function is estimated by minimizing the error between expected and actual outputs. Receiver function can be obtained by solving the Toeplitz equation using the Levinson algorithm. The non_singularity of the Toeplitz equation ensures the stability of Wiener Deconvolution. Both synthetic and observational seismogram checks show that Wiener Deconvolution is an effective time_domain method to estimate receiver function from teleseismic P waveform.

Improved Multistage Wiener Filters in Nonhomogeneous Clutter Environments

A new method combining space-time preprocessing with multistage Wiener filters（STPMWF）is proposed to improve the performance of space-time adaptive processing（STAP）in nonhomogeneous clutter scenario.The new scheme only requires the data from the primary range bin,thus it can suppress discrete interferers efficiently,without calculating the inverse of covariance matrix.Comparing to the original MWF approach,the proposed scheme can be regarded as practical solutions for robust and effective STAP of nonhomogeneous radar data.The theoretical analysis shows that our STPMWF is simple in implementation and fast in convergence.The numeric results by using simulated data exhibit a good agreement with the proposed theory.

Restoration of Noisy 1/f Family Fractal Signal Based on Haar Wavelets and Wiener Filter

In order to restore noisy fractal Brownian motion(FBM),discrete fractional gaussiannoise(DFGN) combined with noise increments is decomposed by Haar wavelets based on Mallatalgorithm.Considering the correlation of detail coefficients,a bank of Wiener filters are used to estimatethe detail coefficients to reconstruct DFGN considering the estimated approximation coefficients in thecoarsest scale in the minimum mean square sense.Then,the reconstructed DFGN is used to restore FBM.In the digital simulation,in light of the restoration mean square error,we show that the suppose that thecorrelation of detail coefficients and the approximation coefficients in the coarsest scale for any Hurstcould be avoided is unrealistic.Moreover,we calculate the estimation root mean square error of the hurstparameter of the restored FBM to show the validity of our algorithm.

An iterative Wiener filtering method based on the gravity gradient invariants

How to deal with colored noises of GOCE （Gravity field and steady - state Ocean Circulation Explorer） satellite has been the key to data processing. This paper focused on colored noises of GOCE gradient data and the frequency spectrum analysis. According to the analysis results, gravity field model of the optima] degrees 90-240 is given, which is recovered by COCE gradient data. This paper presents an iterative Wiener filtering method based on the gravity gradient invariants. By this method a degree-220 model was calculated from GOCE SGG （Satellite Gravity Gradient） data. The degrees above 90 of ITG2010 were taken as the prior gravity field model, replacing the low degree gravity field model calculated by GOCE orbit data. GOCE gradient colored noises was processed by Wiener filtering. Finally by Wiener filtering iterative calculation, the gravity field model was restored by space-wise harmonic analysis method. The results show that the model＇s accuracy matched well with the ESA＇s （European Space Agency） results by using the same data,

Speech Enhancement Using Cross-Correlation Compensated Multi-Band Wiener Filter Combined with Harmonic Regeneration

The speech signal in general is corrupted by noise and the noise signal does not affect the speech signal uniformly over the entire spectrum. An improved Wiener filtering method is proposed in this paper for reducing background noise from speech signal in colored noise environments. In view of nonlinear variation of human ear sensibility in frequency spectrum, nonlinear multi-band Bark scale frequency spacing approach is used. The cross-correlation between the speech and noise signal is considered in the proposed method to reduce colored noise. To overcome harmonic distortion introduced in enhanced speech, in the proposed method regenerate the suppressed harmonics are regenerated. Objective and subjective tests were carried out to demonstrate improvement in the perceptual quality of speeches by the proposed technique.

A High Consistency Wireless Key Generation Scheme for Vehicular Communication Based on Wiener Filter Extrapolation

Secret key generation from wireless channel is an emerging technology for communication network security,which exploits the reciprocity and time variability of wireless channels to generate symmetrical keys between the communication parties.Compared to the existing asymmetric key distribution methods,secret key generation from wireless channel has low complexity and high security,making it especially suitable for distributed networks.In vehicular communications,the reciprocity of wireless channel is degraded due to the movement of vehicular.This paper proposes a high consistency wireless key generation scheme for vehicular communication,especially applied to LTE-V2X(LTE vehicle to everything)systems.A channel reciprocity enhancement method is designed based on Wiener filter extrapolation,which can efficiently reduce the mismatch between the channels at the receiver and significantly reduce key disagreement rate.A real experimental system based on vehicle and universal software radio peripheral(USRP)platform is setup to verify the secret key generation in LTE-V2X systems.The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified in simulations and extensive practical tests.

含有间隙的Wiener系统的非光滑卡尔曼滤波的状态估计

由于间隙具有记忆和多值映射的非光滑非线性特性,使得含有噪声的Wiener系统的状态估计变得比较复杂。本文在传统卡尔曼滤波的基础上进行改进,得到一种新的带有切换函数的非光滑卡尔曼滤波器来解决Wiener系统在工作时的噪声干扰问题。在输入信号以及所有参数都相同的条件下,分别用传统的卡尔曼滤波器和带有切换函数的非光滑卡尔曼滤波器对含有噪声的Wiener系统进行状态估计。仿真结果表明,传统的卡尔曼滤波器由于没有考虑间隙的特性,对系统状态估计误差要大于带有切换函数的卡尔曼滤波器对系统状态估计的误差值。因此,非光滑的卡尔曼滤波器对含有噪声的Wiener系统状态估计具有更为准确的效果。

多窗谱小波阈值估计的维纳滤波语音增强算法

提出一种多窗谱小波阈值估计的维纳滤波语音增强算法.该算法采用多窗谱估计噪声功率谱,结合改进的小波阈值法减小其误差,再计算先验信噪比.改进后的阈值函数具有连续性,增加了小波系数的平滑度,实现了信噪比的平滑.与传统软、硬阈值函数算法相比,文中算法具有更高的信噪比,能较好地抑制噪声,有效提高语音清晰度.

基于维纳滤波的风电机组齿轮箱轴承故障诊断

存在轴承故障时,风电机组齿轮箱振动信号的幅度与频率都会发生明显改变,通过信号变化行为的测量能够判定出具体的轴承故障等级。为实现对轴承故障的准确判定,设计基于维纳滤波的风电机组齿轮箱轴承故障等级判定方法。通过获取轴承振动波的IMF分量,并完善维纳滤波算法,在此基础上,处理故障数据,实现基于维纳滤波的轴承故障特征提取。定义轴承故障特征的伪四阶矩,通过求解特征角度的方式,确定故障等级基准的判定范围,完成基于维纳滤波的风电机组齿轮箱轴承故障等级判定方法的设计。实验结果表明,利用上述方法,能够根据幅度和频率的变化行为,判定风电机组齿轮箱轴承的故障等级,符合实际应用需求。

基于改进LOG算子与Otsu算法结合的物体表面图像残损检测方法

针对物体表面残损区域存在明显的亮缺陷和不明显的暗缺陷这一特性,构建一种基于改进LOG算子与Otsu算法相结合的物体表面残损区域缺陷的边缘检测方法。首先,针对传统的LOG算子在检测图像亮缺陷边缘时检测结果不准确的问题,引入可根据图像特性自动调整模糊因子的Wiener滤波代替传统LOG算子中的高斯滤波,以提高图像亮缺陷检测的精度;其次,针对检测图像暗缺陷边缘时结果不准确的问题,使用Otsu算法分析图像暗缺陷的灰度直方图来自动确定阈值,以提升暗缺陷边缘检测准确率;最后,采用像素加权平均融合算法对检测出的物体表面图像亮、暗缺陷边缘进行融合,以实现物体表面残损缺陷检测。实验结果表明:相较于单独使用改进的LOG算子和Otsu算法,采用加权融合的方法检测到的缺陷像素点数量与原始图片中基本一致,能够更准确地对图像中物体表面残损区域的亮、暗缺陷边缘进行检测。

用Wiener滤波方法提取台站接收函数

本文提出了一种在时间域用Wiener滤波方法提取台站接收函数的方法 ,用远震P波波形的垂直分量为输入 ,接收函数作为滤波因子 ,远震P波波形的径向和切向分量作为期望输出 ,通过期望输出与实际输出的均方误差达极小 ,来提取接收函数。接收函数的计算可归结为Toeplitz方程的求解 ,可以采用Levinson递推算法。Toeplitz方程的非奇异性保证了Wiener滤波反褶积方法的稳定性。合成地震图与观测地震图的检验表明 ,用Wiener滤波方法测定台站接收函数是一种有效的时间域反褶积方法。

基于小波变换的Wiener滤波方法在农产品图像去噪中的应用

农产品图像的去噪是农产品图像处理中最基本、最重要的工作之一。为了更有效地去除农产品图像中的噪声。受二维离散Wiener滤波器计算方法的启发,提出了一种基于小波变换的Wiener滤波方法。该方法采用小波变换和Wiener滤波相结合的方法,具有稀疏性、多分辨率、去相关性、选基灵活性和在MSE意义上对图像进行最优估计的优点。该方法首先对含噪农产品图像ano做第一次小波变换得到低频图像a1和水平、垂直和对角三方向的高频图像hd1、vd1及dd1;其次对低频图像a1做Wiener滤波得到a1w,再对3个高频图像分别做Wiener滤波并合成得到g1w;接着对低频的a1w和高频g1w做小波逆变换,得到滤波图像“a1w+g1w”。同时,考虑到噪声主要在高频部分,所以直接把低频的a1和高频g1w做小波逆变换,得到滤波图像“a1+g1w”。这是对含噪图像ano做第1次小波变换的情况,其第2次、第3次及第4次变换的情况与此类似。这样可以得到许多滤波图像,然后根据图像信噪比PSNR和视觉效果,最终确定去噪效果最好的农产品图像。该方法应用于红枣、小麦杂草等农产品图像的去噪中,结果PSNR为158.23(视觉效果清晰),好于邻域平均法(PSNR为154.14)、中值滤波法(PSNR为155.82)、数学形态学(PSNR为154.07,视觉效果偏黑)、高斯滤波法(PSNR为153.79,视觉效果太黑)、直接维纳去噪(PSNR为154.14)和小波去噪(PSNR为158.18)等多种方法。试验结果表明,基于小波变换的Wiener滤波方法应用于农产品图像去噪具有信噪比高、视觉效果好等优点;基于小波变换的Wiener滤波方法用于农产品图像去噪是有效的、可行的。

基于小波变换的Wiener滤波算法去除苹果图像噪声

在小波变换的基础上,提出了一种基于小波变换的Wiener滤波去噪方法。采用该方法对苹果图像的加性噪声(高斯白噪声)去噪,结果PSNR为184.94,视觉效果清晰(而含噪声图像的PSNR为158.23,噪声太多不清晰),好于邻域平均法(PSNR为174.15,视觉上含部分噪声)、中值滤波法(PSNR为182.42)、小波阈值去噪(PSNR为171.59,视觉上也含部分噪声)和Wiener滤波去噪法(PSNR为173.65)的去噪结果,更好于数学形态学的去噪结果(PSNR为150.46,视觉上含较多噪声)。试验结果表明,基于小波变换的Wiener滤波方法对苹果图像加性噪声的去噪效果具有信噪比高、视觉效果好等优点。

离焦模糊数字图像的Wiener滤波频域复原

离焦模糊图像的退化模型可用均匀分布的圆盘函数表示 ,其对应的圆盘半径是需辨识的退化模型参数 (即模糊半径 )。利用模糊图像的频率域中的零点位置来估计模糊半径 ,采用简化Wiener滤波对模糊图像进行复原。实验结果表明该方法能够以较少的运算时间代价获取较好的复原效果 。

应用自解卷积和增量Wiener滤波实现迭代盲图像复原

提出了一种基于自解卷积和增量Wiener滤波的迭代盲图像复原算法(SDIWF-IBD)。将自解卷积点扩散函数估计法应用于迭代盲目反卷积,准确估计了点扩散函数频域;在图像估计时使用增量Wiener滤波,确保算法稳定收敛。为进一步控制算法收敛速度,引入内迭代加速方法,有效减少了算法的外部迭代次数。实验结果表明,复原后图像细节明显增加且失真小,算法快速收敛于较小误差。该算法复原效果良好,收敛快速可控,有利于实时应用。

基于Wiener滤波的小目标检测方法

红外云背景中小目标检测是红外成像技术的一种典型应用。为了检测红外云背景中的弱小目标,分析了背景特性,建立了红外场景模型,提出了一种基于Wiener滤波的自适应背景抑制方法。经过去除虚假目标和目标分割,再利用目标运动的连续性和规则性进行目标检测和跟踪。对包含了仿真目标的红外云背景图像序列进行了实验,结果表明,该方法能够有效地从信噪比为2.0的背景中检测到小目标。