发生在铁皮石斛栽培田中的2种“黏菌病”

2011年在浙江省乐清市铁皮石斛栽培田中发现了2种"黏菌病",它们影响植株的正常生长。通过光学显微镜、超微结构观察、孢子萌发试验和18S核糖体序列比较分析,它们分别被鉴定为美发菌[Comatricha pulchella(C.Bab.)Rostaf.]和煤绒菌[Fuligo septica(L.)Wigg.]。美发菌子实体较小,具柄,高度大约2.2mm,孢囊圆柱形,密集的产生在植物茎、叶表面。煤绒菌整个子实体是一个大型的复囊体,垫形到不规则形,长达15cm,子实体可覆盖整个植株丛。这2个种都是浙江新记录种。该发现补充了浙江菌物资源,亦为中国黏菌地理分布和多样性研究积累了基础资料。

中国荒漠区蒲公英属订正

《中国沙漠植物志》第３卷中，蒲公英属（ＴａｒａｘａｃｕｍＦ．Ｈ．Ｗｉｇｇ．）只收载了９种，通过对中国荒漠地区蒲公英属标本鉴定和文献考证，认为中国荒漠地区该属植物有１２种，并记载了每个种的产地和生境。

不同发育期蒲公英花序培养处理对种子发芽率的影响

采集不同发育期的蒲公英花序 ,通过不同培养液对花序离体培养 ,以促使种子充分发育 ,然后分别收集完全成熟的种子。发芽试验表明 ,用A液培养的蒲公英花序 ,其孕育的种子与自然成熟的种子发芽率无明显差异。

用蒲公英、鸡粪培养多刺裸腹溞的研究

多刺裸腹溞(Moina macrocepa Straus)是池溏中的一种优势枝角类,其食性主要是细菌和有机碎屑。本试验利用发酵蒲公英草浆和鸡粪渗出液作为培养液,根据其增殖结果,拟合出它们的增殖方程,反映了多刺裸腹溞的增殖趋势,并阐述了两种培养液增殖差异的原因。

Taraxacum:Phytochemistry and health benefits

Taraxaci Herba（Taraxacum mongolicum and other species） has been used in traditional Chinese medicine and dietary application for a long history in China, and Taraxacum officinale has been applied in medicinal and food use in other regions and cultures around the globe. In this review, the phytochemical constituents of dandelion（particularly from T. mongolicum and T. officinale） were summarized. Recent published health benefits of dandelion, such as anti-oxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity, blood sugar and lipids regulation and hepatoprotective activity, as well as its safety data were highlighted. The limited human clinical study and pharmacokinetics information lead to the thought that well-designed human clinical study should be the focus and opportunity for the future research area to truly understand efficacy function and health benefit of dandelion for its application in medicine and health food area.