Corporate Governance,Government Regulation and Bank Stability

By using the data collected from the years 2006 to 2012 of16 listed banks as samples,an empirical test was set up to analyze the impacts of corporate governance and government regulation towards bank stability. The results show that the nature and percentage of ownership of the largest shareholder,as well as the top10 shareholders, have no significant impact on bank stability.Supervision of board of directors increases bank stability, while independent directors could not play the role of supervision. Higher executive compensation increases bank stability,while shareholding of executives does not show much incentive function. Franchise value has self-regulatory effects. Capital regulation also improves bank stability. Implicit insurance covers the entire banking system.Improving corporate governance and government regulation to increase bank stability are put forward.

Government Inspectors' Penalties and Charging Fee of Investment Banks--Empirical research based on data of Chinese public companies

This paper uses data of Chinese public companies from 2004-2015 to test the relationship between government inspectors'penalties and charging fee of investment bank.The test results show that after getting the penalties from government inspectors the charging fee of investment bank would decrease significantly.This negative impact of penalties on charging fee is more significant to the investment bank that has high reputation.This indicates that the penalties of government inspectors damage the reputation of investment banks.This research could help understand the effects of the government inspection on the reputation of investment banks.

Testing the governance-performance relationship for the Tunisian banks: a GMM in system analysis

Rationale:This study aims to contribute to settling the lack of consensus regarding the determinants of bank performance,not only by considering bank governance,but also by including factors such as CEO compensation and risk management committee.Previous literature has included bank governance and considered only large banks in their surveys.The exclusion of other factors such as small-and medium-size banks may render the findings of these studies limited in applicability.Objective:The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of internal governance on bank performance.Methodology:To achieve this goal,we used annual data of a sample of ten Tunisian commercial banks listed in the Tunisian Stock Exchange observed during the period 1998–2015.We use the Generalized Method of Moments(GMM)to estimate the parameters of our econometric model.Results:Our study finds that the correlation between the size of the board of directors,the state’s inclusion,and the presence of independent directors is positive and significant.On the other hand,we have found that CEO compensation,as well as foreign and institutional investors negatively affect the performance of the banks.Conclusions and implications:Tunisian banks are invited to broaden their size through appropriate restructuring,adopt new remuneration policies and define the optimal number of directors representing the state within the board of directors.Our results suggest managerial implications that can be of great value to ensuring the success of Tunisian banks.The latter should favor a higher presence of independent directors to reduce the bank control ineffectiveness caused by having a significant number of foreign and institutional investors in the board of directors.

The Impact of Corporate Governance on Banks Performance and Loan Quality： Evidence From Italian Cooperative Banks

In the banking system, a context characterized by growing instability and by the speed of evolution of business dynamics, the system of corporate governance plays a key role, both for large banks and for banks with a smaller size. The paper aims to investigate the influence of corporate governance of the banks that operate in the cooperative credit system on performance and quality of loans, over the years 2010-2011-2012. In order to achieve this aim, the following research hypotheses have been formulated： There is a statistically significant relationship between the size and the structure of the board and banks Performance operating in the cooperative credit system; there is a statistically significant relationship between the size and structure of the board and the credit quality of banks operating in the cooperative credit system. The analysis is conducted on a sample composed of 48 Italian banks, divided into 24 cooperative banks and 24 popular banks. The sample is made up of banks from all over Italy and very different in terms of dimension. For the sample construction, data relative to governance of banks were collected from the balance sheets in the period from June to August 2014. Financial-economic data were collected from the Financial Statements and from Bankscope database. The methodology of analysis is based on multivariate OLS （ordinary least squares） regression models. The main results refer to the presence of significant relationships between board dimension and the quality of loans and among the number of committees and performance and the quality of loans. The presence of a significant and negative relationship between the board dimension and the ratio of impaired loans to gross loans indicates the possibility that enlargement of board dimension allows a better quality of loans. The presence of a positive relationship between the number of committees and the ratio of impaired loans to gross loans signals the possibility that a greater number of committees can produce a worse quality of loans. The presence of a negative relationship between the number of committees and bank performance suggests to limit and manage the complexity of governance in banks operating in the cooperative credit system.

The Relationship Between Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting and Corporate Governance： Evidence from Turkish Banking Sector

Corporate social responsibility （CSR） reporting and corporate governance concepts have been two important concepts for researchers and corporate managers in recent years. The purpose of this study is to analyze the potential effect of corporate governance levels of Turkish deposit banks＇ on CSR reporting. First, the concentration areas of CSR reporting of Turkish deposit banks were identified between the years 2012-2014 from their annual and sustainability reports. Second, the concentration areas were divided into subgroups and each bank was rated according to their disclosure level. Finally, a model was designed in order to determine the relationship between CSR reporting and corporate governance. In the model, CSR reporting rating scores are used as a dependent variable, and financial data and corporate governance indicators of banks are used as independent variables. Model results indicate that corporate governance level and bank＇s size have a significant effect on the level of CSR reporting in Turkish banking sector.

On Innovation of Coordinative Development Mechanism of Science and Technology Park with Surrounding Areas under Promotion of the Government——Case Study on Three Science and Technology Park in Dongguan

Science and Technology Park, which plays a very important role in promoting rapid development of regional economy, has enjoyed various preferential policies in its unique development since China’s reform and opening up, which oppositely shows that the government has overlooked development outside the park and resulted in negative competition between the science and technology park and surrounding areas in resources and industry development, etc. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to overcome the existing obstacles against coordinative development between the park and surrounding areas, to explore paths where the two can development coordinately and to achieve new breakthrough and innovation in coordinative development in subject, object, platform and mechanism.

商业银行数字化能否改善企业投融资期限错配?

本文基于中国246家商业银行及A股上市公司2013—2022年数据,探究了商业银行数字化能否改善贷款企业投融资期限错配。研究发现,商业银行数字化通过调节错配企业短期贷款金额、提高公司治理水平,进而缓解企业投融资期限错配。该效应在资本市场融资能力较强企业、高融资约束企业、中小规模企业及制造业企业中更为明显。文章结论在经过内生性处理和稳健性检验后依旧成立。进一步分析表明,商业银行战略、管理及业务的数字化均可对企业投融资期限错配产生影响,但前两个维度的影响更为明显。探究商业银行数字化的微观错配纠偏功能,不仅有利于降低企业层面投融资期限错配引发的风险,也为进一步优化银企互动和挖掘商业银行数字化意义提供了新的证据。

气候变化对我国银行业系统性风险冲击效应及应对策略研究

随着全球气候持续变暖,极端气候事件在全国各地爆发频率和程度飙升,对经济运行体系产生严重冲击,加大了财政收支压力,金融市场出现大幅震荡,财政风险与金融风险交叉感染加剧,加重了银行系统性风险,严重威胁到国家经济安全。结合中国行政治理机制和经济发展特点构建银行系统性风险指标,从地方政府债务中介效应角度验证气候变化对银行系统性风险的一般规律和作用机制。研究结果显示,气候变化将显著引致我国银行系统性风险,风险积累作用时滞为2~3年;气候变化对法治化水平较高与较低省份的银行系统性风险和地方政府债务风险影响均显著,法治化水平较低省份的地方政府债务中介效应显著但法治化水平较高省份中介效应不显著;弱气候变化冲击和强气候变化都将引致银行系统性风险,地方政府债务中介效应均显著但存在显著差异。为此,从推动绿色经济转型、推进财政体制改革等方面提出银行业系统性风险应对策略。

政府审计、管理层特征与国有非金融企业影子银行化

以2010—2018年国有非金融上市公司为研究对象,分析了政府审计监管下,国有企业高管政企合作特征和晋升特征与企业影子银行业务的关系。研究结果表明:国有非金融企业高管政企合作特征与企业影子银行业务规模显著负相关,高管晋升特征与企业影子银行业务规模显著正相关;政府审计对上述关系起到不同程度的监管和威慑作用。进一步研究发现,企业显性金融资产受缚会使影子银行业务增加。这对于防止国有企业实体经济“脱实向虚”和研究政府审计影响国企高管决策的路径提供了理论支持。未来应进一步加强党组织对国有企业的领导;国家审计机关应对存在晋升预期的高管所在国企,增加审计力度和审计资源供给;同时,国有企业方面应当合理配置金融资产,降低金融资产错配率。

金融科技与企业新质生产力发展--来自A股上市公司的经验证据

正确利用金融科技、持续推动金融供给侧的体制机制改革,对于加快新质生产力的发展、扎实推进经济高质量发展具有重要意义。文章利用2011~2022年A股上市公司面板数据,实证分析金融科技对企业新质生产力发展的影响及其机制。研究表明:金融科技显著促进了企业新质生产力的发展。机制分析表明:金融科技能通过提升政府财税优惠政策有效性,加大市场竞争程度,降低企业债务融资成本以及增加研发投入促进企业新质生产力的发展。异质性分析发现:金融科技对成长期和衰退期或者高管具备金融背景的企业、高科技和非重污染行业,以及处于数字经济水平和市场化程度较低地区企业的新质生产力促进作用更明显。

金融分权影响民营企业融资约束的途径:一个补充讨论

从中国金融分权实施形式出发,分析地方银行作为金融分权的具体机构对民营企业融资约束的影响。首先,地方银行的建立确实会增加民营企业的信贷比率,但存在显著的地区差异,在经济发达、地方国有企业积极推进产业升级的地区这种促进作用更为显著。进一步研究发现,在切实缓解民营企业融资约束方面,重要的不是地方银行规模增加而是银行控制权结构优化,由地方政府向市场控制分权越多,越有利于缓解民营企业融资约束。从城市商业银行入手详细探讨银行控制权变化对其信贷倾向的影响,发现随着地方政府的退出和民营股权的增加,城市商业银行信贷中的民营企业信贷占比会显著增加。但是,并非地方政府退出程度越高越好,在发达地区地方政府过度退出反而不利;相反,在欠发达地区地方政府需要更大程度地退出才能有效促进城市商业银行为民营企业融资。因此,在适当扩大地方银行规模的基础上,优化其控制权结构和加快地方产业升级是缓解民营企业融资约束的关键之举。

数字孪生驱动社区治理智慧化:现实样态与路径探索

社区治理智慧化是中国社区未来建设的重要议题和方向,数字孪生能够驱动智慧化治理的功能迭代和价值释放,有能力在社区治理中处理纷繁复杂的社会问题。以时间银行为代表的社区互助服务实践正逐渐成为居家养老、志愿服务、健康促进的重要载体,但同时面临着功能拓展和场景升级的难题。为此,在阐析数字孪生技术内涵及适用性的基础上,依托场景理论,以数字孪生技术赋能未来社区互助型智慧化升级为主线,以时间银行智慧化升级为具象案例,基于身体健康、心理健康和社会健康3个应用场景的现实样态和待解决问题,创新性地提出数字孪生赋能时间银行智慧化场景升级的框架和路径,探讨和绘制数字孪生驱动互助型社区组织智慧化治理的新图景。研究发现:数字孪生能够驱动智慧化功能迭代和价值释放,通过数字镜像和数字映射来构建未来场景,实现物理空间、信息空间和孪生空间3个维度的交互交融和场景升级。数字孪生赋能时间银行可以有效破解实时监管难、线上空间有限、自动响应慢等现实瓶颈,并延展出危险报警、社群联动等新功能。所构建的数字孪生图景为理解社区互助服务智慧化提供了一种新解释,亦为数字时代的社区治理升级和敏捷范式转型提供参考。

银行信贷与地方债的隐性互惠对金融稳定的影响

银行信贷与地方债之间的隐性互惠,表现为银行基于对地方债务的信任和对未来间接回报的期望,自主地为地方政府债务扩张提供资金支持和优惠的贷款条件。中国地方债的扩张除了由地方政府的债务融资需求所致,也有银行推波助澜的作用,地方政府举债需求与银行放贷需求产生共振,促成“债务—信贷”循环扩张机制,对金融稳定有重要影响。以2008—2020年地级市的银行信贷、地方债务和金融波动的面板数据为基础,分析了银行信贷与地方政府债务的隐性互惠关系对金融稳定的影响。实证结果表明,银行信贷与地方债的隐性互惠是导致金融波动的重要因素,地方经济发展水平越低、财政压力越大或金融分权程度越高的城市受影响越显著;机制分析表明,隐性互惠使企业融资渠道被挤占、银行贷款集中度上升以及地方性商业银行同业负债增加,进而导致金融波动。维护金融稳定,需要对隐性互惠关系建立有效的监管机制,以实现控制地方债扩张的同时稳定金融的发展。

地方财政压力能否提升城市商业银行贷款质量

本文基于手工收集的2010—2019年我国122个城市商业银行样本,从信贷供给侧角度研究地方财政压力是否有助于提升城市商业银行贷款质量。研究表明,地方财政压力与城市商业银行贷款质量呈现出显著的非线性关系;城市商业银行信贷投放与地方政府中长期发展规划一致度较高时,地方财政压力显著提升城市商业银行贷款质量。实证证据反映出地方财政压力下,政府对信贷资源配置影响具有前瞻性,引导信贷资源配置在具有较好发展前景的产业,更好发挥“有形之手”调控作用。因此,随着政府治理体系的完善,适度财政压力能够更好调动地方政府善治兴业积极性,促进城市商业银行贷款质量的提升,从而有利于金融系统稳定和地区经济高质量发展。

如何在浙江政府产业基金中发挥系统重要性银行作用

中央金融工作会议提出要做好金融“五篇大文章”,政府产业基金是各省深化供给侧结构性改革、服务实体经济高质量发展的重要举措,也是当前金融体系中具有广泛影响力的力量。浙江经济有着政府产业基金发展并引导反哺产业转型的先天条件,而系统重要性银行在规模、业务复杂性及与其他金融机构的衔接中都举足轻重,两者结合能在探索服务实体经济的各个领域提供浙江样本。本文将从银行如何在浙江政府产业基金中发挥作用方面进行探讨。

我国央行数字货币跨境流通的法律挑战及其治理

央行数字货币在跨境流通上存在天然优势,随着我国深度参与的多边央行数字货币桥项目的稳步推进,我国央行数字货币跨境流通的探索正在提速。而央行数字货币的跨境发展推动了央行数字货币治理从国家货币监管走向全球货币治理,其跨境流通中存在着外汇管理、中央银行财产豁免、域外管辖等挑战。在统筹国内法治与涉外法治的维度上,需要进一步优化我国的外汇管理机制与央行财产豁免制度中的货币内容,完善我国央行数字货币的跨境流通的规制。

央行数字货币跨境支付系统:模式、风险及其治理之探

目前,各国尝试建立的央行数字货币跨境支付系统主要有三种模式:升级实时全额支付系统、双边跨境支付系统、多边跨境支付系统。然而,因数字技术赋能升级的央行数字货币跨境支付系统一旦落地,运营中不仅存在异化传统风险的可能性,还可能滋生新的风险。基于此,本文立足上述三种央行数字货币跨境支付系统模式,依托数字技术研判央行数字货币跨境支付系统中的风险,主要包括流动性风险、网络安全风险、区块链技术风险以及系统重要性风险。面对央行数字货币跨境支付系统中的潜在风险,可从主权国家的货币主权和国际金融监管合作这两个方面进行治理。而今,我国积极参与的“多边央行数字货币桥项目”已启动测试,落地之势蓄势待发。面对央行数字货币跨境支付系统潜含的风险,我国应未雨绸缪,提前对数字人民跨境支付系统中潜在的风险制定防控措施,从而为数字人民币的跨境支付提供安全的制度保障。

政企融资平台下中小农机制造商的融资决策与优化

基于政企融资平台的背景,以一个资金受限的中小农机制造商和经销商组成的两级供应链为研究对象,探究了中小农机制造商的融资决策和优化问题.通过建立供应链Stackelberg博弈模型,得出供应链成员在不同模式下的最优融资决策和最优值.结果表明:政企平台融资模式总是优于银行融资模式;银行融资模式下,产品成功率与利率和批发价格成反比,与订单数量成正比,且初始资金的变化不会影响均衡解;政企融资平台模式下,初始资金、产品成功率均不会影响均衡解;无论在何种融资模式下,提高产品成功率都会对整个供应链有益,并通过数值分析验证了结果的真实性.最后,探讨了政企平台融资模式的适用情境:初始资金和政府补贴较低,生产成本较高的中小农机制造商更倾向于选择政企平台进行融资.

A商业银行金融数据治理的管控研究

在数字化转型日渐深入,数据被视为核心资产的背景下,商业银行作为存储和使用大量数据的机构,数据对其业务发展起到的重要作用日益凸显。本文以A商业银行为例,深入开展A商业银行金融数据治理问题的管控研究,通过SWOT分析,梳理A商业银行金融数据治理的管控优势、劣势、机会、威胁,指引研究方向。通过问卷调查法,总结A商业银行金融数据治理的问题,针对数据不可知、数据不可控、数据不可取、数据不可联四大问题进行细化分析,给出数据治理的管控建议,希望为其他金融机构提供参考。

政企关系与小微企业融资可得性研究--基于中国小微企业调查(CMES)的经验证据

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