Calculus bovis inhibits M2 tumor-associated macrophage polarization via Wnt/β-catenin pathway modulation to suppress liver cancer

BACKGROUND Calculus bovis(CB),used in traditional Chinese medicine,exhibits anti-tumor effects in various cancer models.It also constitutes an integral component of a compound formulation known as Pien Tze Huang,which is indicated for the treatment of liver cancer.However,its impact on the liver cancer tumor microenvironment,particularly on tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs),is not well understood.AIM To elucidate the anti-liver cancer effect of CB by inhibiting M2-TAM polarization via Wnt/β-catenin pathway modulation.METHODS This study identified the active components of CB using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS,evaluated its anti-neoplastic effects in a nude mouse model,and elucidated the underlying mechanisms via network pharmacology,transcriptomics,and molecular docking.In vitro assays were used to investigate the effects of CB-containing serum on HepG2 cells and M2-TAMs,and Wnt pathway modulation was validated by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis.RESULTS This study identified 22 active components in CB,11 of which were detected in the bloodstream.Preclinical investigations have demonstrated the ability of CB to effectively inhibit liver tumor growth.An integrated approach employing network pharmacology,transcriptomics,and molecular docking implicated the Wnt signaling pathway as a target of the antineoplastic activity of CB by suppressing M2-TAM polarization.In vitro and in vivo experiments further confirmed that CB significantly hinders M2-TAM polarization and suppresses Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation.The inhibitory effect of CB on M2-TAMs was reversed when treated with the Wnt agonist SKL2001,confirming its pathway specificity.CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that CB mediates inhibition of M2-TAM polarization through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway,contributing to the suppression of liver cancer growth.

Activation of the wnt/β-catenin/CYP1B1 pathway alleviates oxidative stress and protects the blood-brain barrier under cerebral ischemia/reperfusion conditions

Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway participate in stroke-induced disruption of the blood-brain barrier.However,the potential links between them following ischemic stroke remain largely unknown.The present study found that cerebral ischemia leads to oxidative stress and repression of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.Meanwhile,Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation by the pharmacological inhibito r,TWS119,relieved oxidative stress,increased the levels of cytochrome P4501B1(CYP1B1)and tight junction-associated proteins(zonula occludens-1[ZO-1],occludin and claudin-5),as well as brain microvascular density in cerebral ischemia rats.Moreove r,rat brain microvascular endothelial cells that underwent oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation displayed intense oxidative stress,suppression of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway,aggravated cell apoptosis,downregulated CYP1B1and tight junction protein levels,and inhibited cell prolife ration and migration.Overexpression ofβ-catenin or knockdown ofβ-catenin and CYP1B1 genes in rat brain mic rovascular endothelial cells at least partly ameliorated or exacerbated these effects,respectively.In addition,small interfering RNA-mediatedβ-catenin silencing decreased CYP1B1 expression,whereas CYP1B1 knoc kdown did not change the levels of glycogen synthase kinase 3β,Wnt-3a,andβ-catenin proteins in rat brain microvascular endothelial cells after oxygen glucose deprivatio n/reoxygenation.Thus,the data suggest that CYP1B1 can be regulated by Wnt/β-catenin signaling,and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin/CYP1B1 pathway contributes to alleviation of oxidative stress,increased tight junction levels,and protection of the blood-brain barrier against ischemia/hypoxia-induced injury.

Silencing of peroxiredoxin 2 suppresses proliferation and Wnt/β-catenin pathway,and induces senescence in hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),a common malignancy worldwide,still lacks effective clinical treatment.The study aimed to investigate the oncogenes that affect the progression of HCC and their possible mechanisms.In our study,we initially confirmed a higher level of PRDX2 in the bile of HCC patients compared to those with choledocholithiasis by 2-DE,LC-MS,and ELISA.Subsequently,we demonstrated the high expression of peroxiredoxin 2(PRDX2)in HCC based on the TCGA database and clinical sample analysis.Furthermore,PRDX2 overexpression enhanced the viability of HCC cells.And PRDX2 silencing induced senescence of HCC cells.In vivo,knockdown of PRDX2 significantly reduced the weight of xenograft tumors.PRDX2 also was found to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by inducingβ-catenin nuclear translocation.Consequently,we proved that silencing PRDX2 could inhibit proliferation and Wnt/β-catenin pathway while promoting senescence in HCC cells.

Calculus bovis in hepatocellular carcinoma:Tumor molecular basis,Wnt/β-catenin pathway role,and protective mechanism

In this editorial,we comment on the recent article by Huang et al.The editorial focuses specifically on the molecular mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),mechanism of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in HCC,and protective mechanism of Calculus bovis(CB)in HCC.Liver cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths globally.The most prevalent kind of primary liver cancer,HCC,is typically brought on by long-term viral infections(hepatitis B and C),non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,excessive alcohol consumption,and other conditions that can cause the liver to become chronically inflamed and cirrhotic.CB is a wellknown traditional remedy in China and Japan and has been used extensively to treat a variety of diseases,such as high fever,convulsions,and stroke.Disturbances in lipid metabolism,cholesterol metabolism,bile acid metabolism,alcohol metabolism,and xenobiotic detoxification lead to fatty liver disease and liver cirrhosis.Succinate,which is a tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate,is vital to energy production and mitochondrial metabolism.It is also thought to be a signaling molecule in metabolism and in the development and spread of liver malignancies.The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is made up of a group of proteins that are essential for both adult tissue homeostasis and embryonic development.Cancer is frequently caused by the dysregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.In HCC liver carcinogenesis,Wnt/β-catenin signaling is activated by the expression of downstream target genes.Communication between the liver and the gut exists via the portal vein,biliary tract,and systemic circulation.This"gutliver axis"controls intestinal physiology.One of the main factors contributing to the development,progression,and treatment resistance of HCC is the abnormal activation of the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway.Therefore,understanding this pathway is essential to treating HCC.Eleven ingredients of CB,particularly oleanolic acid,ergosterol,and ursolic acid,have anti-primary liver cancer properties.Additionally,CB is important in the treatment of primary liver cancer through pathways linked to immune system function and apoptosis.CB also inhibits the proliferation of cancer stem cells and tumor cells and controls the tumor microenvironment.In the future,clinicians may be able to recommend one of many potential new drugs from CB ingredients to treat HCC expression,development,and progress.

Cinobufotalin prevents bone loss induced by ovariectomy in mice through the BMPs/SMAD and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways

Background:Osteoporosis is a chronic bone disease characterized by bone loss and decreased bone strength.However,current anti-resorptive drugs carry a risk of various complications.The deep learning-based efficacy prediction system(DLEPS)is a forecasting tool that can effectively compete in drug screening and prediction based on gene expression changes.This study aimed to explore the protective effect and potential mechanisms of cinobufotalin(CB),a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),on bone loss.Methods:DLEPS was employed for screening anti-osteoporotic agents according to gene profile changes in primary osteoporosis.Micro-CT,histological and morphological analysis were applied for the bone protective detection of CB,and the osteogenic differentiation/function in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(hBMMSCs)were also investigated.The underlying mechanism was verified using qRT-PCR,Western blot(WB),immunofluorescence(IF),etc.Results:A safe concentration(0.25mg/kg in vivo,0.05μM in vitro)of CB could effectively preserve bone mass in estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss and promote osteogenic differentiation/function of hBMMSCs.Both BMPs/SMAD and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways participated in CB-induced osteogenic differentiation,further regulating the expression of osteogenesis-associated factors,and ultimately promoting osteogenesis.Conclusion:Our study demonstrated that CB could significantly reverse estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss,further promoting osteogenic differentiation/function of hBMMSCs,with BMPs/SMAD and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways involved.

IL13RA2 promotes progression of infantile haemangioma by activating glycolysis and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway

Background:Interleukin 13 receptor subunit alpha 2(IL13RA2)plays an essential role in the progression of many cancers.However,the role of IL13RA2 in infantile haemangioma(IH)is still unknown.Materials and Methods:IL13RA2 expression in IH tissues was analyzed using western blot,qRT-PCR,and immunofluorescence.The role of IL13RA2 in haemangioma-derived endothelial cells(HemECs)was determined following knockdown or overexpression of IL13RA2 using CCK-8,colony formation,apoptosis,wound healing,tubule formation,Transwell,and western blot.Results:IL13RA2 expression was upregulated in IH tissues.IL13RA2 overexpression promoted proliferation,migration,and invasion of HemECs and induced glycolysis,which was confirmed with a glycolysis inhibitor.Specifically,IL13RA2 interacted withβ-catenin and activated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in HemECs,which were involved in the above-mentioned effects of IL13RA2.Conclusions:These findings revealed that targeting IL13RA2 is a potential therapeutic approach for IH.

Inhibition of M2 tumor-associated macrophages polarization by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway as a possible liver cancer therapy method

The problem of liver cancer is becoming increasingly important due to the epi-demic of metabolic diseases and persistent high alcohol consumption.This deter-mines great attention to the development and improvement of methods for early diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer.Huang et al presented a study in the World Journal of Gastroenterology,in which they showed that the use of the traditional Chinese medicine Calculus bovis(CB)can suppress tumor growth in mice by inhibiting M2 tumor-associated macrophages(TAM)through modulating the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.The interaction of CB components with the Wnt/β-catenin pathway,M2 TAM polarization,and tumor dynamics were studied using network pharmacology,transcriptomics,and molecular docking.It is now generally accepted that the polarization of TAM and the differentiation of the functions of M1 and M2 phagocytes are of great importance for the progression of neoplasms.It is assumed that M2 TAM promote proliferation and migration of tumor cells.Attempts to medicinally influence the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in order to modulate phagocyte polarization now belong to one of the most promising areas of immunotherapy of oncological diseases.Undoubtedly,the work of the Chinese authors deserves attention and further development.

Effects of Helicobacter pylori and Moluodan on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in mice with precancerous gastric cancer lesions

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)is the primary risk factor for gastric cancer(GC),the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway is closely linked to tumourigenesis.GC has a high mortality rate and treatment cost,and there are no drugs to prevent the progression of gastric precancerous lesions to GC.Therefore,it is necessary to find a novel drug that is inexpensive and preventive to against GC.AIM To explore the effects of H.pylori and Moluodan on the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway and precancerous lesions of GC(PLGC).METHODS Mice were divided into the control,N-methyl-N-nitrosourea(MNU),H.pylori+MNU,and Moluodan groups.We first created an H.pylori infection model in the H.pylori+MNU and Moluodan groups.A PLGC model was created in the remaining three groups except for the control group.Moluodan was fed to mice in the Moloudan group ad libitum.The general condition of mice were observed during the whole experiment period.Gastric tissues of mice were grossly and microscopically examined.Through quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR)and Western blotting analysis,the expression of relevant genes were detected.RESULTS Mice in the H.pylori+MNU group showed the worst performance in general condition,gastric tissue visual and microscopic observation,followed by the MNU group,Moluodan group and the control group.QRT-PCR and Western blotting analysis were used to detect the expression of relevant genes,the results showed that the H.pylori+MNU group had the highest expression,followed by the MNU group,Moluodan group and the control group.CONCLUSION H.pylori can activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,thereby facilitating the development and progression of PLGC.Moluodan suppressed the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,thereby decreasing the progression of PLGC.

Pachymic acid exerts antitumor activities by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via targeting PTP1B

Objective:To determine the inhibitory effects of pachymic acid on lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)cells and elucidate its underlying mechanism.Methods:CCK-8,wound healing,Transwell,Western blot,tube formation,and immunofluorescence assays were carried out to measure the effects of various concentrations of pachymic acid on LUAD cell proliferation,metastasis,angiogenesis as well as autophagy.Subsequently,molecular docking technology was used to detect the potential targeted binding association between pachymic acid and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B(PTP1B).Moreover,PTP1B was overexpressed in A549 cells to detect the specific mechanisms of pachymic acid.Results:Pachymic acid suppressed LUAD cell viability,metastasis as well as angiogenesis while inducing cell autophagy.It also targeted PTP1B and lowered PTP1B expression.However,PTP1B overexpression reversed the effects of pachymic acid on metastasis,angiogenesis,and autophagy as well as the expression of Wnt3a andβ-catenin in LUAD cells.Conclusions:Pachymic acid inhibits metastasis and angiogenesis,and promotes autophagy in LUAD cells by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via targeting PTP1B.

MicroRNA-329-3p inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and proliferation of osteosarcoma cells by targeting transcription factor 7-like 1

An important factor in the emergence and progre sion of osteosarcoma(OS)is the dysregulated expression of microRNAs(miRNAs).Transcription factor 7-like 1(TCF7LI),a member of the T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor(TCF/LEF)transcription factor family,interacts with the Wnt signaling pathway regulator β-catenin and acts as a DNA-specific binding protein.This study sought to elucidate the impact of the interaction between miR 3293p and TCF7L1 on.the growth and apoptosis of OS and analyze the regulatory expression relationship between miRNA and mRNA in osteosarcoma cells using a variety of approaches.MiR329-3p was significantly downregulated,while TCF7L1 was considerably up-regulated in all examined OS cell lines.Additionally,a clinical comparison study was performed using the TCGA database.Subsequently,the regulatory relationship between miR-329-3p and TCF7L1 on the proliferation and apoptosis of OS cells was verified through in vitro and in vivo experiments.When miR 329-3p was transfected into the OS cell line,the expression of TCF7L1 decreased,the proliferation of OS cells was inhibited,the cytoskeleton disintegrated,and the nucleus condensed to fom apoptotic bodies.The expression of proteins that indicate apoptosis increased simultaneously.The cell cycle was arrested in the G0/G1 phase,and the G1/S transition was blocked.The introduction of miR 3293p also inhibited downstream Cyclin D1 of the Wnt pathway.Xenograf experiments indicated that the overexpression of miR-329-3p signi ficanly inhibited the growth of OS xenografts in nude mice,and the expression of TCF7L1 and C-Myc in tumor tssues decreased.MiR 329-3p was significantly reduced in OS cells and played a suppressive role in tumorigenesis and proliferation by targeting TCF7L1 both in vitro and in vivo.Osteosarcoma cell cycle arrest and pathway inhibition were observed upon the regulation of TCF7LI by miR 3293p.Summarizing these results,it can be inferred that miR.3293p exerts anticancer efects in osteosarcoma by inhibiting TCF7L1.

Complement factor Ⅰ knockdown inhibits colon cancer development by affecting Wnt/β-catenin/c-Myc signaling pathway and glycolysis

BACKGROUND Colon cancer(CC)occurrence and progression are considerably influenced by the tumor microenvironment.However,the exact underlying regulatory mechanisms remain unclear.AIM To investigate immune infiltration-related differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in CC and specifically explored the role and potential molecular mechanisms of complement factor I(CFI).METHODS Immune infiltration-associated DEGs were screened for CC using bioinformatics.Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to examine hub DEGs expression in the CC cell lines.Stable CFI-knockdown HT29 and HCT116 cell lines were constructed,and the diverse roles of CFI in vitro were assessed using CCK-8,5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine,wound healing,and transwell assays.Hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry staining were employed to evaluate the influence of CFI on the tumorigenesis of CC xenograft models constructed using BALB/c male nude mice.Key proteins associated with glycolysis and the Wnt pathway were measured using western blotting.RESULTS Six key immune infiltration-related DEGs were screened,among which the expression of CFI,complement factor B,lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1,and SRY-related high-mobility-group box 4 was upregulated,whereas that of fatty acid-binding protein 1,and bone morphogenic protein-2 was downregulated.Furthermore,CFI could be used as a diagnostic biomarker for CC.Functionally,CFI silencing inhibited CC cell proliferation,migration,invasion,and tumor growth.Mechanistically,CFI knockdown downregulated the expression of key glycolysis-related proteins(glucose transporter type 1,hexokinase 2,lactate dehydrogenase A,and pyruvate kinase M2)and the Wnt pathway-related proteins(β-catenin and c-Myc).Further investigation indicated that CFI knockdown inhibited glycolysis in CC by blocking the Wnt/β-catenin/c-Myc pathway.CONCLUSION The findings of the present study demonstrate that CFI plays a crucial role in CC development by influencing glycolysis and the Wnt/β-catenin/c-Myc pathway,indicating that it could serve as a promising target for therapeutic intervention in CC.

低氧微环境通过TGFBI调控Wnt/β-catenin通路介导胰腺癌化疗耐药及机制研究

目的:研究低氧微环境通过TGFBI调控胰腺癌耐药的作用及分子机制。方法:以CCK-8方法检测细胞增殖;以Western blotting技术检测蛋白表达水平;以ImageJ软件分析蛋白灰度值;RNAi技术用于敲减TGFBI基因。结果:TGFBI在Panc-1细胞中表达比正常细胞增强;低氧促进胰腺癌细胞Panc-1增殖并减弱顺铂对Panc-1的抑制作用,而高氧抑制Panc-1细胞增殖并加强顺铂的杀伤作用;低氧促进TGFBI表达及EMT行为;低氧通过TGFBI调控Panc-1细胞增殖及顺铂的杀伤作用;低氧通过TGFBI调控Wnt/β-catenin信号,进而促进EMT行为。结论:低氧微环境通过增强TGFBI表达促进胰腺癌细胞增殖及耐药;低氧微环境通过TGFBI激活Wnt/β-catenin信号通路,促进EMT标志分子表达。

CTNND1通过Wnt/β-catenin信号通路调控胰腺癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭

目的:研究CTNND1调控胰腺癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的机制,为胰腺癌精准治疗提供新理论依据。方法:通过生信分析验证CTNND1在胰腺癌和正常组织中的表达,免疫组织化学(IHC)和qPCR进一步验证。Transwell、划痕实验和细胞增殖试验用于研究CTNND1对胰腺癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响。裸鼠皮下成瘤实验检测CTNND1对人胰腺癌细胞成瘤能力的影响。结果:在胰腺癌细胞中敲低CTNND1可以抑制胰腺癌细胞的Wnt/β-catenin信号通路以及增殖、迁移和侵袭能力。加入LiCl(Wnt/β-catenin特异性激活剂)能部分恢复CTNND1敲低胰腺癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力。裸鼠皮下成瘤显示,敲低CTNND1抑制了肿瘤裸鼠皮下成瘤。结论:敲低CTNND1能从体内外通过Wnt/β-catenin信号通路调控胰腺癌的增殖、迁移和侵袭及皮下成瘤能力。

下调METTL5通过Wnt/β-catenin信号通路抑制三阴乳腺癌细胞增殖、迁移与侵袭

目的探讨甲基转移酶5(methyltransferase-like 5,METTL5)在三阴乳腺癌(triple-negative breast cancer,TNBC)中的作用和潜在机制。方法采用免疫组织化学方法和Western blot检测TNBC肿瘤组织和细胞系中METTL5的表达情况。用靶向METTL5的shRNA(shRNA-METTL5)转染TNBC细胞后,用CCK-8、集落形成、伤口愈合以及Transwell实验分别检测细胞增殖活性、迁移与侵袭,Western blot检测Wnt/β-catenin信号关键蛋白的表达。构建异种移植瘤模型,验证敲降METTL5对TNBC细胞在体内生长以及Wnt/β-catenin信号活性的影响。结果METTL5在TNBC肿瘤组织和细胞系中表达上调(P<0.01)。敲降METTL5可抑制TNBC细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭并降低了Wnt/β-catenin信号分子β-catenin、细胞周期蛋白(Cyclin)D1、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2和MMP-7的表达(均P<0.01)。体内实验显示,敲降METTL5减缓了移植瘤生长和Wnt/β-catenin信号活性。结论敲降METTL5能抑制TNBC细胞的增殖、迁移与侵袭,其作用可能与抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路有关。

Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的中药调控与创面愈合

创面愈合是由于外伤、糖尿病溃疡、压疮、感染和术后创面不愈合等多种因素导致的如表皮、真皮、肌肉、筋膜等局部组织的损伤,其愈合过程是一个复杂且动态的程序,涉及到多种细胞反应和周围微环境的相互配合。目前,创面发病率呈逐年增长的趋势,造成了全球范围内巨大的社会和经济负担,老龄人口中发生的慢性损伤随着年龄的增长而逐年攀升。当前,修复创面的药物种类及方法多样,一定程度上减轻了患者的生理、心理和经济社会压力。中药单体及复方制剂修复创面具有独特的优势和力量,引起社会各界广泛的关注及应用,Wnt/β-catenin是调节细胞增殖、分化及凋亡,高度参与创面修复,是皮肤损伤修复过程中最重要的经典信号通路之一。Wnt/β-catenin信号通路通过中药单体及复方制剂降低机体创面中蛋白激酶、炎症反应,促进血管新生和表皮干细胞等表达,对创面愈合的治疗具有重要的参考价值。本文复习国内外相关文献,对Wnt/β-catenin信号通路与创面的关系及中药单体和中药复方通过调控该信号通路影响创面愈合的机制进行归纳总结,为中药治疗创面损伤提供新的思路和方向。

SOX7通过靶向调控SHP-2/Wnt/β-catenin/ROS通路抑制结直肠癌细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移

目的研究SOX7调控SHP-2/Wnt/β-catenin/ROS通路从而影响结直肠癌细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移的分子机制。方法将20只裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型随机分为SOX7 NC组(n=5)、SOX mimic组(n=5)、SOX7 NC+PHPS1组(n=5)和SOX7 mimic+PHPS1组(n=5),观察肿瘤生长情况。通过脂质体法将人结直肠癌细胞系SW480细胞转染后,将细胞分为6组,分别为SOX7 NC组、SOX7 mimic组、SOX7 NC+H_(2)O_(2)组、SOX7 mimic+H_(2)O_(2)组、SOX7 NC+PHPS1组、SOX7 mimic+PHPS1组。通过Western blot实验检测各组SW480细胞SHP-2/Wnt/β-catenin/ROS通路相关蛋白的表达,通过细胞划痕实验和Transwell侵袭迁移实验检测SW480细胞的侵袭迁移能力,通过CCK-8检测SW480细胞的增殖。结果小鼠体内实验显示:SOX7 mimic组肿瘤体积明显小于SOX7 NC组(P<0.01),经过PHPS1干预的肿瘤体积明显增大,SOX7 mimic+PHPS1组肿瘤体积和SOX7 NC+PHPS1组的差异无统计学意义。体外实验发现:SOX7 mimic抑制了SW480细胞Wnt、β-catenin、NOX2、NOX4、PI3K、P-PI3K、AKT、P-AKT蛋白表达(P<0.01),促进了p-SHP-2蛋白表达(P<0.01);加入H_(2)O_(2)和SHP-2抑制剂后SOX7 mimic组和SOX7 NC组的Wnt、β-catenin、NOX2、NOX4、PI3K、P-PI3K、AKT、P-AKT的蛋白表达水平升高,但差异无统计学意义,SHP-2、p-SHP-2蛋白的表达水平降低,但差异无统计学意义;细胞划痕、Transwell侵袭迁移实验和CCK-8实验结果表明SOX7通过氧化应激和SHP-2通路抑制了SW480细胞的迁移、侵袭和增殖(P<0.01)。结论SOX7可通过靶向SHP-2/Wnt/β-catenin/ROS通路抑制结直肠癌增殖、侵袭和迁移。

外泌体负载枸杞miR2911调控Wnt/β-catenin信号通路促进非梗阻性无精子症大鼠生精功能恢复

目的:研究外泌体负载的枸杞miRNA(Lb-miR2911)药物通过跨界调控Wnt/β-catenin信号通路对非梗阻性无精子症(NOA)大鼠模型生精功能恢复的影响。方法:4周龄雄性SD大鼠30只,采用白消安腹腔注射方法构建NOA模型,造模5周后将模型大鼠随机分为模型组(MC)、Lb-miR2911^(EXO)治疗组(Lb-miR2911^(EXO))、外泌体空载治疗组(Sham),每组10只。MC组NOA模型大鼠自然恢复,无特殊处理;Lb-miR2911^(EXO)组NOA模型大鼠,睾丸生精小管注射外泌体包被Lb-miR2911药物(0.1 mg/kg),1次/周,共治疗3次;Sham组NOA模型大鼠,睾丸生精小管注射外泌体空载药物(0.1 mg/kg),1次/周,共治疗3次。另取10只同龄正常健康SD大鼠作为正常对照组(NC)。治疗后第2、6周采用RNA FISH技术观察Lb-miR2911药物在睾丸组织中的摄取及代谢变化;治疗后12周采用转录组测序分析结合Western印迹、RT-PCR方法检测各组大鼠睾丸组织中细胞增殖、精子发生及Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的基因表达;睾丸组织形态学及精子质量分析比较各组大鼠生精功能恢复情况;通过组织形态学分析结合血清TNF-α、IL-1β、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)等指标检测评估Lb-miR2911外泌体药物对大鼠组织器官毒性。结果:治疗12周后睾丸组织形态学分析发现Lb-miR2911^(EXO)组大鼠睾丸组织各层次生精细胞排列规则,管腔中可见大量成熟精子,与Sham组比较,Johnsen评分显著增加(P<0.05),睾丸重量、睾丸指数、精子浓度和精子活力显著增加(P<0.05);转录组测序分析结合Western印迹、RT-PCR方法证实,与MC组相比,Lb-miR2911^(EXO)组DACT3基因表达下调(P<0.05),而DVL2、β-catenin表达上调,同时p-DVL2及β-catenin(nucleus)蛋白含量增加(P<0.05);细胞增殖相关基因CCND1、CCNE1、CCNE2 mRNA表达上调(P<0.05);精子发生相关基因DMC1、CCR6、JAM2、KLC3表达上调(P<0.05);组织器官毒性检测表明:治疗后Lb-miR2911^(EXO)组大鼠肺部、肝脏、肾脏组织未见病理性变化,与NC组比较血清TNF-α、IL-1β、AST、ALT、肌酐或尿素氮等水平未见升高(P>0.05)。结论:外泌体负载的Lb-miR2911药物通过跨界调节DACT3/Wnt/β-Catenin信号通路促进了NOA大鼠生精功能恢复。

杨梅素调节Wnt/β-catenin信号通路对腰椎间盘突出症大鼠椎间盘退变的影响

目的:探究杨梅素(MYR)调节Wnt/β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)信号通路对腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)大鼠椎间盘退变的影响。方法:将大鼠随机分为Sham组、LDH组、MYR组、MYR+LiCl组(Wnt/β-catenin信号通路激活剂),每组12只,除Sham组外采用自体髓核移植法复制LDH大鼠模型,造模成功后进行药物干预,每天1次,持续28d。von Frey Hair纤维丝、辐射热痛觉测分析大鼠疼痛敏化行为;ELISA法检测血清肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)水平;HE染色法观察椎间盘组织病理变化;TUNEL染色法测定髓核细胞凋亡;免疫组化检测大鼠椎间盘组织中基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)13表达;Western blot分别检测Wnt/β-catenin信号通路蛋白表达。结果:与Sham组比较,LDH组大鼠髓核细胞皱缩、排列不规则,数量减少,纤维环破裂,MWT与TWL降低,TNF-α、IL-1β含量、椎间盘组织病理评分、髓核细胞凋亡率、MMP13、Wnt3a、β-catenin表达升高(P<0.05);与LDH组比较,MYR组髓核细胞形态、纤维环结构显著改善,大鼠MWT与TWL升高,TNF-α、IL-1β含量、椎间盘组织病理评分、髓核细胞凋亡率、MMP13、Wnt3a、β-catenin表达降低(P<0.05);Wnt/β-catenin信号通路激活剂LiCl可升高血清炎症因子水平,促进髓核细胞凋亡,加重椎间盘组织病理损伤,减弱了MYR对LDH大鼠椎间盘退变的延缓作用(P<0.05)。结论:MYR可能通过抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的激活,降低炎症反应,减少髓核细胞凋亡,从而改善LDH大鼠的椎间盘退变。

姜黄素对葡萄膜黑色素瘤细胞恶性生物学行为及Wnt/β-catenin通路的抑制作用

目的探究姜黄素对葡萄膜黑色素瘤(UM)恶性生物学行为的抑制作用及机制。方法应用含不同浓度(0、20、40和80μmol/L)姜黄素培养液培养M23细胞48 h,于倒置显微镜下观察细胞形态学改变;采用细胞计数试剂盒8(CCK-8)法检测细胞存活率;分别采用平板克隆形成实验、流式细胞术、细胞划痕实验及Transwell实验检测M23细胞集落形成、凋亡、迁移及侵袭情况;采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测细胞中Wnt/β-catenin通路相关基因c-Myc、细胞周期蛋白D1(Cyclin D1)、Survivin及基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)mRNA相对表达情况;采用Western blot法检测Wnt/β-catenin通路相关蛋白c-Myc、Cyclin D1、Survivin、MMP-9、β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)、糖原合成酶激酶3β(GSK-3β)、磷酸化GSK-3β(p-GSK-3β)及轴抑制蛋白2(Axin2)蛋白相对表达量。另取20只6周龄雌性BALB/c小鼠,左后腹皮下脂肪垫注射M23细胞悬浮液建立小鼠M23体内移植肿瘤模型,将造模成功小鼠按照随机数字表法随机平均分为模型组、姜黄素低剂量组、姜黄素中剂量组和姜黄素高剂量组,每组5只,分别腹腔内注射0、10、20和40 mg/kg姜黄素生理盐水溶液,连续注射30 d后剥离皮下瘤体并称质量。结果0μmol/L姜黄素组、20μmol/L姜黄素组、40μmol/L姜黄素组和80μmol/L姜黄素组细胞存活率分别为(100.00±0.00)%、(83.78±4.59)%、(66.09±3.92)%和(47.16±3.63)%,细胞集落形成数分别为128.67±9.18、100.33±8.73、58.67±6.55和31.67±4.92,细胞凋亡率分别为(1.33±0.29)%、(14.53±2.04)%、(27.23±3.56)%和(44.73±4.36)%,细胞迁移率分别为(89.76±4.57)%、(65.43±3.70)%、(34.83±2.19)%和(18.82±1.99)%,细胞侵袭数分别为148.33±8.18、125.33±7.41、73.67±6.34、45.67±5.31,各组M23细胞存活率、集落形成数、细胞凋亡率、细胞迁移率、细胞侵袭数总体比较差异均有统计学意义(F=125.321、97.941、72.516、277.097、139.006,均P<0.001)。随姜黄素作用浓度的增大,细胞存活率、集落形成数、细胞迁移率、细胞侵袭数均明显降低,细胞凋亡率均明显增加,组间两两比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。随姜黄素浓度的增大,细胞中c-Myc、Cyclin D1、Survivin和MMP-9 mRNA和蛋白及β-catenin和p-GSK-3β蛋白相对表达水平均明显降低,Axin2蛋白相对表达水平明显升高,组间比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。小鼠荷瘤质量随姜黄素作用剂量的增加而降低,组间比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论姜黄素可抑制UM细胞M23增生、迁移、侵袭等恶性生物学行为,抑制肿瘤生长,促进细胞凋亡,其作用机制可能与阻断Wnt/β-catenin通路激活有关。

ADAMDEC1通过Wnt/β-catenin信号通路调控胰腺癌细胞的生长和转移

目的:探究敲减解整联蛋白及金属蛋白酶(a disintegrin and metalloproteinase,ADAM)结构域样癸蛋白1(ADAM domain-like decysin 1,ADAMDEC1)对胰腺癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的影响。方法:利用GEPIA和UALCAN在线数据库对ADAMDEC1在胰腺癌组织中的表达情况进行分析。Western blot检测人胰腺癌细胞系(MIA PaCa-2和PANC-1)和胰腺导管细胞系(hTERT-HPNE)中ADAMDEC1的蛋白表达水平。采用CCK-8实验、集落形成实验、细胞划痕实验和Transwell实验检测敲减ADAMDEC1对胰腺癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的影响;Western blot检测敲减ADAMDEC1对胰腺癌细胞中迁移、侵袭及Wnt/β-catenin信号通路相关蛋白表达水平的影响。此外,通过恢复性实验,检测Wnt/β-catenin信号通路激动剂CHIR-99021对敲减ADAMDEC1抑制胰腺癌细胞生长和转移作用的影响。结果:(1)ADAMDEC1在胰腺癌中高表达;(2)敲减ADAMDEC1表达后,胰腺癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭能力显著下降;(3)敲减ADAMDEC1后,E-cadherin蛋白表达增加,而基质金属蛋白酶9、N-cadherin和vimentin蛋白表达减少,Wnt/β-catenin信号通路相关蛋白表达亦减少;(4)CHIR-99021与ADAMDEC1小干扰RNA共处理胰腺癌细胞,可逆转敲减ADAMDEC1对胰腺癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的抑制作用。结论:ADAMDEC1在胰腺癌中高表达,可通过Wnt/β-catenin信号通路调控胰腺癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭。