The p-adic Approach to Wolstenholme's Theorem

In this note, the authors give a new generalization of the Walstenholme's theorem by using the p-adic approach.

Wolstenholme定理的一个p-adic证明及其推广

利用ｐ－ａｄｉｃ方法给出Ｗｏｌｓｔｅｎｈｏｌｍ ｅ 定理的一个新的证明，进一步给出了Ｗｏｌｓｔｅｎ－ｈｏｌｍ ｅ定理的如下推广：设ｍ ≥０ 和ｎ≥１ 为整数，记〈ｎ〉＝ ｛１，…，ｎ｝．如果ｐ１，…，ｐｎ 为ｎ 个不同的全大于３的素数，那么分数∑ｐ１…ｐｎｊ＝ １ｉ∈〈ｎ〉，（ｊ，ｐｉ）＝ １１ｍ ｐ１…ｐｎ ＋ ｊ的分子被ｐ２１ｐ２２…ｐ２ｎ 整除．

Wolstenholme定理的推广

本文将数论中的Ｗｏｌｓｔｅｎｈｏｌｍｅ定理推广为定理设素数ｐ＞３，ｖ，ｔ＿０，ｔ＿ｋ∈Ｚ（１≤ｋ≤ｐ－１），并且０≤２ｖ＜ｐ－３，（ｔ＿０，ｐ）＝１及ｔ＿１＋ｔ＿（ｐ－１）＝ｔ＿２＋以ｓ表示满足（ｍｏｄｐ￣２）的整数，那么，

与Wolstenholme定理等价的两个定理

对数论中有一个和素数有关的著名定理Wolstenholme定理进行研究,并给出了与其等价的两个定理.

Wolstenholme定理的新证法

目的给出Wolstenholme定理的一个新证明。方法应用同余的简单性质及威尔逊定理推出了有关二次剩余的一引理,并应用该引理及另一个关于二次剩余的结果,给出了著名的Wol-stenholme定理的一个证明。结果得到了关于二次剩余的一引理,给出Wolstenholme定理的一个新证明。结论 Wolstenholme定理可以用二次剩余及威尔逊定理等简单的初等数论知识证明。

Wolstenholme定理的一个证明

给出了Wolstenholme定理的一个证明.

Wolstenholme定理的全面推广

本文在文[3]的基础上将Wolstenholme定理作了全面性推广。

Wolstenholme定理的进一步推广

Ｗｏｌｓｔｅｎｈｏｌｍｅ定理巳被推广过．本文再作进一步推广，得到一般性的结果和几个重要的同余关系式．

关于Wolstenholme定理的推广

指出了M .Bayat在AGeneralizationofWolstenholme’sTheorem一文中的严重错误 ,给出其中两个主要定理的正确证明 。

New Asymptotic Results on Fermat-Wiles Theorem

We analyse the Diophantine equation of Fermat xp yp = zp with p > 2 a prime, x, y, z positive nonzero integers. We consider the hypothetical solution (a, b, c) of previous equation. We use Fermat main divisors, Diophantine remainders of (a, b, c), an asymptotic approach based on Balzano Weierstrass Analysis Theorem as tools. We construct convergent infinite sequences and establish asymptotic results including the following surprising one. If z y = 1 then there exists a tight bound N such that, for all prime exponents p > N , we have xp yp zp.

Small Modular Solutions to Fermat’s Last Theorem

The proof by Andrew Wiles of Fermat’s Last Theorem in 1995 resolved the existence question for non-trivial solutions in integers x,y,zto the equation xn+yn=znfor n>2. There are none. Surprisingly, there are infinitely many solutions if the problem is recast in terms of modular arithmetic. Over a hundred years ago Issai Schur was able to show that for any n there is always a sufficiently large prime p0such that for all primes p≥p0the congruence xn+yn≡zn(modp)has a non-trivial solution. Schur’s argument wasnon-constructive, and there is no systematic method available at present to construct specific examples for small primes. We offer a simple method for constructing all possible solutions to a large class of congruences of this type.

Whole Perfect Vectors and Fermat’s Last Theorem

A naïve discussion of Fermat’s last theorem conundrum is described. The present theorem’s proof is grounded on the well-known properties of sums of powers of the sine and cosine functions, the Minkowski norm definition, and some vector-specific structures.

层次化的K.Fan’s Theorem

在L-拓扑空间中,对任意LF集,我们利用层次化的K.Fan’s Theorem定义了一种层次连通并研究了其基本性质.

基于S-R和分解定理的二维几何非线性问题的虚单元法求解

应变-旋转(Strain-Rotation,S-R)和分解定理为分析几何非线性问题提供了合理可靠的理论基础,但用有限元求解时会遇到大变形发生后的网格畸变问题。近年提出的虚单元法(Virtual element method,VEM)适用于一般的多边形网格,因此,该文尝试使用一阶虚单元求解基于S-R和分解定理的二维几何非线性问题,以克服网格畸变的影响。基于重新定义的多项式位移空间基函数,推演获得一阶虚单元分析线弹性力学问题时允许位移空间向多项式位移空间的投影表达式;按照虚单元法双线性格式的计算规则,分析处理基于更新拖带坐标法和势能率原理的增量变分方程;进而建立离散系统方程及其矩阵表达形式,并编制MATLAB求解程序;采用常规多边形网格和畸变网格,应用该文算法分析均布荷载下的悬臂梁和均匀内压下的厚壁圆筒变形。结果与已有文献和ANSYS软件的对比表明:该文算法在两种网格中均可有效执行且具备足够数值精度。总体该文算法为基于S-R和分解定理的二维几何非线性问题求解提供了一种鲁棒方法。

VECTORIAL EKELAND'S VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE WITH A W-DISTANCE AND ITS EQUIVALENT THEOREMS

By using the properties of w-distances and Gerstewitz＇s functions, we first give a vectorial Takahashi＇s nonconvex minimization theorem with a w-distance. From this, we deduce a general vectorial Ekeland＇s variational principle, where the objective function is from a complete metric space into a pre-ordered topological vector space and the perturbation contains a w-distance and a non-decreasing function of the objective function value. From the general vectorial variational principle, we deduce a vectorial Caristfs fixed point theorem with a w-distance. Finally we show that the above three theorems are equivalent to each other. The related known results are generalized and improved. In particular, some conditions in the theorems of [Y. Araya, Ekeland＇s variational principle and its equivalent theorems in vector optimization, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 346（2008）, 9-16] are weakened or even completely relieved.

Noether's theorems of a fractional Birkhoffian system within Riemann-Liouville derivatives

The Noether symmetry and the conserved quantity of a fractional Birkhoffian system are studied within the Riemann–Liouville fractional derivatives. Firstly, the fractional Birkhoff＇s equations and the corresponding transversality conditions are given. Secondly, from special to general forms, Noether＇s theorems of a standard Birhoffian system are given, which provide an approach and theoretical basis for the further research on the Noether symmetry of the fractional Birkhoffian system. Thirdly, the invariances of the fractional Pfaffian action under a special one-parameter group of infinitesimal transformations without transforming the time and a general one-parameter group of infinitesimal transformations with transforming the time are studied, respectively, and the corresponding Noether＇s theorems are established. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the application of the results.

SOME NEW EXTENSIONS OF EDELSTEIN-SUZUKI-TYPE FIXED POINT THEOREM TO G-METRIC AND G-CONE METRIC SPACES

In this paper, we prove some fixed point theorems for generalized contractions in the setting of G-metric spaces. Our results extend a result of Edelstein [M. Edelstein, On fixed and periodic points under contractive mappings, J. London Math. Soc., 37 （1962）, 74-79] and a result of Suzuki [T. Suzuki, A new type of fixed point theorem in metric spaces, Nonlinear Anal., 71 （2009）, 5313-5317]. We prove, also, a fixed point theorem in the setting of G-cone metric spaces.

Mei’s symmetry theorem for time scales nonshifted mechanical systems

We focus on Mei symmetry for time scales nonshifted mechanical systems within Lagrangian framework and its resulting new conserved quantities.Firstly,the dynamic equations of time scales nonshifted holonomic systems and time scales nonshifted nonholonomic systems are derived from the generalized Hamilton’s principle.Secondly,the definitions of Mei symmetry on time scales are given and its criterions are deduced.Finally,Mei’s symmetry theorems for time scales nonshifted holonomic conservative systems,time scales nonshifted holonomic nonconservative systems and time scales nonshifted nonholonomic systems are established and proved,and new conserved quantities of above systems are obtained.Results are illustrated with two examples.

ON THE CONDITIONAL VERSION OFKOLMOGOROV'S THREE-SERIES THEOREM

This paper studies the conditional version of Kolmogorov’s three-series theorem, and gets a new extention form of the conditional version. The results here present us an answer to the question when (or where) the conditional version also provide necessary conditions for convergence in dependent cases. Furthermore, some new sufficient conditions are obtained.

THE PICARD THEOREM ON S-METRIC SPACES

Recently, the notion of an S-metric space is defined and extensively studied as a generalization of a metric space. In this paper, we define the notion of the S∞-space and prove its completeness. We obtain a new generalization of the classical ＂Picard Theorem＂.