Mapping soil organic matter in cultivated land based on multi-year composite images on monthly time scales

Rapid and accurate acquisition of soil organic matter(SOM)information in cultivated land is important for sustainable agricultural development and carbon balance management.This study proposed a novel approach to predict SOM with high accuracy using multiyear synthetic remote sensing variables on a monthly scale.We obtained 12 monthly synthetic Sentinel-2 images covering the study area from 2016 to 2021 through the Google Earth Engine(GEE)platform,and reflectance bands and vegetation indices were extracted from these composite images.Then the random forest(RF),support vector machine(SVM)and gradient boosting regression tree(GBRT)models were tested to investigate the difference in SOM prediction accuracy under different combinations of monthly synthetic variables.Results showed that firstly,all monthly synthetic spectral bands of Sentinel-2 showed a significant correlation with SOM(P<0.05)for the months of January,March,April,October,and November.Secondly,in terms of single-monthly composite variables,the prediction accuracy was relatively poor,with the highest R^(2)value of 0.36 being observed in January.When monthly synthetic environmental variables were grouped in accordance with the four quarters of the year,the first quarter and the fourth quarter showed good performance,and any combination of three quarters was similar in estimation accuracy.The overall best performance was observed when all monthly synthetic variables were incorporated into the models.Thirdly,among the three models compared,the RF model was consistently more accurate than the SVM and GBRT models,achieving an R^(2)value of 0.56.Except for band 12 in December,the importance of the remaining bands did not exhibit significant differences.This research offers a new attempt to map SOM with high accuracy and fine spatial resolution based on monthly synthetic Sentinel-2 images.

Mixed D-vine copula-based conditional quantile model for stochastic monthly streamflow simulation

Copula functions have been widely used in stochastic simulation and prediction of streamflow.However,existing models are usually limited to single two-dimensional or three-dimensional copulas with the same bivariate block for all months.To address this limitation,this study developed a mixed D-vine copula-based conditional quantile model that can capture temporal correlations.This model can generate streamflow by selecting different historical streamflow variables as the conditions for different months and by exploiting the conditional quantile functions of streamflows in different months with mixed D-vine copulas.The up-to-down sequential method,which couples the maximum weight approach with the Akaike information criteria and the maximum likelihood approach,was used to determine the structures of multivariate Dvine copulas.The developed model was used in a case study to synthesize the monthly streamflow at the Tangnaihai hydrological station,the inflow control station of the Longyangxia Reservoir in the Yellow River Basin.The results showed that the developed model outperformed the commonly used bivariate copula model in terms of the performance in simulating the seasonality and interannual variability of streamflow.This model provides useful information for water-related natural hazard risk assessment and integrated water resources management and utilization.

Diversity on the Interannual Variations of Spring Monthly Precipitation in Southern China and the Associated Tropical Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies

There is a continuous and relatively stable rainy period every spring in southern China(SC).This spring precipitation process is a unique weather and climate phenomenon in East Asia.Previously,the variation characteristics and associated mechanisms of this precipitation process have been mostly discussed from the perspective of seasonal mean.Based on the observed and reanalysis datasets from 1982 to 2021,this study investigates the diversity of the interannual variations of monthly precipitation in spring in SC,and focuses on the potential influence of the tropical sea surface temperature(SST)anomalies.The results show that the interannual variations of monthly precipitation in spring in SC have significant differences,and the correlations between each two months are very weak.All the interannual variations of precipitation in three months are related to a similar western North Pacific anomalous anticyclone(WNPAC),and the southwesterlies at the western flank of WNPAC bring abundant water vapor for the precipitation in SC.However,the WNPAC is influenced by tropical SST anomalies in different regions each month.The interannual variation of precipitation in March in SC is mainly influenced by the signal of El Nino-Southern Oscillation,and the associated SST anomalies in the equatorial central-eastern Pacific regulate the WNPAC through the Pacific-East Asia(PEA)teleconnection.In contrast,the WNPAC associated with the interannual variation of precipitation in April can be affected by the SST anomalies in the northwestern equatorial Pacific through a thermally induced Rossby wave response.The interannual variation of precipitation in May is regulated by the SST anomalies around the western Maritime Continent,which stimulates the development of low-level anomalous anticyclones over the South China Sea and east of the Philippine Sea by driving anomalous meridional vertical circulation.

Homogenised Monthly and Daily Temperature and Precipitation Time Series in China and Greece since 1960

In this paper,we describe and analyze two datasets entitled“Homogenised monthly and daily temperature and precipitation time series in China during 1960–2021”and“Homogenised monthly and daily temperature and precipitation time series in Greece during 1960–2010”.These datasets provide the homogenised monthly and daily mean(TG),minimum(TN),and maximum(TX)temperature and precipitation(RR)records since 1960 at 366 stations in China and 56stations in Greece.The datasets are available at the Science Data Bank repository and can be downloaded from https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.01731 and https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.01720.For China,the regional mean annual TG,TX,TN,and RR series during 1960–2021 showed significant warming or increasing trends of 0.27℃(10 yr)^(-1),0.22℃(10 yr)^(-1),0.35℃(10 yr)^(-1),and 6.81 mm(10 yr)-1,respectively.Most of the seasonal series revealed trends significant at the 0.05level,except for the spring,summer,and autumn RR series.For Greece,there were increasing trends of 0.09℃(10 yr)-1,0.08℃(10 yr)^(-1),and 0.11℃(10 yr)^(-1)for the annual TG,TX,and TN series,respectively,while a decreasing trend of–23.35 mm(10 yr)^(-1)was present for RR.The seasonal trends showed a significant warming rate for summer,but no significant changes were noted for spring(except for TN),autumn,and winter.For RR,only the winter time series displayed a statistically significant and robust trend[–15.82 mm(10 yr)^(-1)].The final homogenised temperature and precipitation time series for both China and Greece provide a better representation of the large-scale pattern of climate change over the past decades and provide a quality information source for climatological analyses.

Women's Bookstore and Women's Monthly

THERE were three women’s magazines published in China before the War of Resistance Against Japan (1937-1945)—Journal of Women by the Commercial Press, Life of Women by the Life Publishing House and Women’s Monthly, by the Women’s Bookstore. The Women’s Bookstore was also the only one that published books especially for women readers.

Quantum Atmospheric Biophysics: A Comparison of Four Weather Stations in India on Average Monthly Temperatures Since 1892 and Forecasts to 2150

The identification method revealed asymmetric wavelets of dynamics, as fractal quanta of the behavior of the surface air layer at a height of 2 m, according to the average monthly temperature at four weather stations in India (Srinagar, Jolhpur, New Delhi and Guvahati). For Srinagar station, the maximum for all years is observed in July, for Jolhpur and New Delhi stations it shifts to June, and for Guvahati it shifts to August. With a high correlation coefficient of 0.9659, 0.8640 and 0.8687, a three-factor model of the form was obtained. The altitude, longitude and latitude of the station are given sequentially. The hottest month for Srinagar over a period of 130 years is in July. At the same time, the temperature increased from 23.4 °C to 24.2 °C (by 3.31%). A noticeable decrease in the intensity of heat flows in June occurred at Jolhpur (over 125 years, a decrease from 36.2 °C to 33.3 °C, or by 8.71%) and New Delhi (over 90 years, a decrease from 35.1 °C to 32.4 °C, or by 7.69%). For almost 120 years, Guvahati has experienced complex climate changes: In 1902, the hottest month was July, but in 2021 it has shifted to August. The increase in temperature at various stations is considered. At Srinagar station in 2021, compared to 1892, temperatures increased in June, September and October. Guvahati has a 120-year increase in December, January, March and April. Temperatures have risen in February, March and April at Jolhpur in 125 years, but have risen in February and March at New Delhi Station in 90 years. Despite the presence of tropical evergreen forests, the area around Guvahati Station is expected to experience strong warming.

不同品牌红外耳温计在儿童患者中的临床应用差异性研究

目的:探讨不同品牌红外耳温计在儿童患者中的临床应用差异性,以指导合理使用红外耳温计。方法:随机选取2023年5月至2023年7月在浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院接受治疗的164例住院及门诊患儿,采用进口(品牌A)、国产(品牌B)和合资(品牌C)3种不同品牌的红外耳温计,以同样的测量方式测量患儿耳温,比较不同品牌耳温计在不同年龄段患儿中测量的温度和时间的差异性。结果:测量温度上,A测量为(37.54±0.931)℃,B为(37.219±0.952)℃,C为(37.329±0.961)℃;测量时间上,A测量时间为(2.34±0.236)s,B为(1.314±0.269)s,C为(2.051±0.173)s。3种耳温计测量温度及时间比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=5.007,264.988,P<0.05)。且3种耳温计测量≤3个月龄患儿的温度,差异有统计学意义(F=3.868,P<0.05);在3月龄以上患儿中无差异。结论:针对不同的年龄段患儿,医疗机构可依据使用成本高低、测量时间快慢等因素综合考虑进行选择。对3个月以上年龄段患儿,选择成本更低、测量时间更快的品牌B红外耳温计;对0~3月龄患儿,建议选择温度测量值更为准确的品牌A红外耳温计。

仪式表演和公共情感——《礼记·月令》与中国早期的感物经验

在月令图式中,四时物候的更迭是一个程序,诸多文本均具有这样的叙述结构。从四季兴替的自然时间到仪式表演,显示出月令图式影响到社会行为。从祭祀仪式的意义看,感物的发生逻辑在于天时引发阴阳二气之动,促成自然物变,引发人心之感,形成感通互动的境域。在此一语境中,祭祀物色与所处季节直接相关,祭物参与仪式展演,成为意义的生成方式。月令图式是祭祀仪式的根据,这一图式展现出物候、农事和政令的协调。因而,感物与礼制场景直接相关,感物应物候之变,感人循礼制之限。在早期文本中,物不仅是外物,更是祭祀之物;情不仅是私人情感,也是公共情感。通过情实现群体的共鸣,是仪式表演的抒情策略,它最终指向家庭、族群和社会,在更高层面实现它们之间的协调。因此,在礼制背景中,所谓中国文学抒情性,其早期形态并非指向个人情感,而是指向公共情感。

论何休日月时例中的详与略

《公羊》学者何休从详与略的角度对《春秋》的日月时例作了大量的阐发。何休基于二元对立的思维,对日、月、时这三个要素作两两对待,即日、月相对,日为详,月为略;月、时相对,月为详,时为略。何休从日月时的详略轻重出发,阐发蕴含其中的褒贬大义,但何休并没有采取二元对立的思维来阐明褒贬,即并不是详书日月以示褒,略书就意味着贬;其实有很多情况,日月时的详略表明的是褒、贬程度的浅深。也正因为日月时的详略在意义的阐发上具有程度上的深浅轻重等的变化关系,因此能很好地与其三世进化说相结合,从而具有王道进化的意义。而随着三世的演进,王道的逐渐实现,日月时的详略轻重的差异渐趋消弥,从而完成了它的王道进化的使命。

皮质骨微观能量释放率与大鼠月龄关系

目的预测大鼠股骨皮质骨微观能量释放率,探究微观能量释放率随大鼠月龄的变化关系。方法依托前期实验数据,结合皮质骨断裂模拟数值方法,对比仿真与实验测得载荷-位移曲线及断裂模式,反演预测不同月龄大鼠股骨皮质骨的微观能量释放率。结果经预测得到1、3、5、7、9、11、15月龄大鼠股骨皮质骨微观能量释放率分别处于0.08~0.12、0.12~0.14、0.15~0.19、0.25~0.28、0.23~0.25、0.19~0.22、0.13~0.16 N/mm。结论微观能量释放率随月龄增长而下降导致失效载荷降低,说明微观能量释放率是决定骨折发生的主要因素之一,但断裂时刻却未观察到明显下降,说明微观能量释放率与结构断裂时刻未呈线性正比关系。研究结果能够从临床层面协助解释皮质骨的骨折发生机制。

粤东地区2019~2022年儿童呼吸道感染病原学分析

目的分析粤东地区2019~2022年儿童呼吸道感染病原学分布情况,为临床诊疗提供参考依据。方法收集2019年5月~2022年10月期间咽拭子标本(来源均为急性呼吸道感染至汕头市中心医院就诊患儿)3052份,提取病原体核酸,应用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)、多重聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术进行扩增后,进行15种(型)常见呼吸道病原体的筛查,将其分为单纯DNA病毒组、单纯RNA病毒组、单纯细菌组、单纯肺炎支原体组、混合DNA和RNA病毒组、混合病毒和细菌组、混合肺炎支原体和病毒或细菌组。分析儿童呼吸道感染病原学检测结果、各组的性别构成情况,比较各年龄段儿童呼吸道病原体检测阳性情况、月份分布情况。结果呼吸道感染患儿的咽拭子标本3052份,其中阳性2714份,阴性338份,呼吸道感染阳性患儿的性别比例、年龄分布、疾病类型、月份分布和就诊时体温与呼吸道感染阴性患儿有统计学差异(P<0.05)。2714例呼吸道感染阳性患儿中,检出率最高的为巨细胞病毒759例,检出率为28.0%。2714例呼吸道感染患儿中,男性1643例(60.5%),女性1071例(39.5%)。同一病原体的男性发病率明显高于女性。单纯肺炎支原体感染发病率随年龄增长逐渐增加;单纯DNA病毒、单纯RNA病毒、单纯细菌、混合DNA和RNA病毒、混合病毒和细菌发病率随年龄增长逐渐降低。单纯DNA病毒组、单纯RNA病毒组、单纯肺炎支原体组、混合DNA和RNA病毒组、混合肺炎支原体和病毒或细菌组7~9月发病率最高,分别为45.3%、40.7%、46.9%、43.9%、47.4%,单纯细菌组、混合病毒和细菌组4~6月发病率最高,分别为29.3%、29.3%。结论粤东地区儿童急性呼吸道感染以巨细胞病毒为主;发病率男性均比女性高;单纯肺炎支原体感染发病率随年龄增长逐渐增加,单纯DNA病毒、单纯RNA病毒、单纯细菌、混合DNA和RNA病毒、混合病毒和细菌发病率随年龄增长逐渐降低;7~9月呼吸道感染首先应警惕病毒和肺炎支原体感染,如果7~9月呼吸道感染考虑存在细菌感染,应警惕混合病毒或肺炎支原体感染可能。

内蒙古地区规模化奶牛场主要疾病发生规律分析

为阐明奶牛疾病随月份的发生规律,收集了内蒙古41个规模化牧场18万头次青年牛、成母牛的疾病发病率、治愈率数据,把月份作为自变量,牧场作为重复,进行统计分析。结果表明:青年牛、成母牛的发病率和治愈率,以及产后真胃移位发病率均不受月份的影响(P>0.05);乳房炎、胎衣不下和酮病发病率随月份变化显著,发病率在夏季较高、春季较低(P<0.05);蹄病发病率随月份变化显著,发病率在秋季最高、春季最低(P<0.05);产后瘫痪发病率随月份变化显著,发病率在冬季最高,其他季节较低(P<0.05)。综合上述结果,奶牛疾病发病率随月份有明显变化,牧场应建立主要疾病的季节性防控机制,制定完备的冷热应激预防措施和管理措施,针对性降低疾病发生率。

不同月份、胎次和子宫复旧程度对奶牛首配受胎率的影响

受胎率是衡量奶牛场繁殖水平的重要指标之一,其中奶牛首配受胎率是影响牧场受胎率高低的重要因素。为研究不同月份、胎次及子宫复旧程度三个因素对奶牛首配受胎率的影响,本试验对某规模化奶牛场全年参配母牛繁殖数据进行统计分析。结果表明,1、5、9、10、11五个月份的奶牛受胎率显著高于7、8月份(P<0.05);2、3、6、7、8月份差异不显著(P>0.05)。一胎次的母牛首配受胎率与其他胎次相比差异显著(P<0.05);奶牛首配受胎率随着胎次的增加而降低。子宫复旧程度为0分的奶牛首配受胎率显著高于1~3分的(P<0.05),子宫炎症越严重,首配受胎率越低。

高校实验室安全文化月建设研究

近年来高校实验室事故时有发生,其中因实验人员安全意识淡薄而直接或间接引发的事故比例占主要份额。实验室安全文化月是高校实验室安全工作的重要一环,对提高实验人员安全意识和防范化解风险能力,打造健康、安全、可持续发展的实验室环境具有重要意义。文章系统分析了当前高校实验室安全文化月建设存在的问题,并提出针对性建议,以北京师范大学为例,阐述实验室安全文化月特色行动,为高校实验室安全高质量发展提供实践参考。

Discovery of the Significant Impacts of Swell Propagation on Global Wave Climate Change

This study compared the differences in the wave climate in the South China Sea and North Indian Ocean under these two datasets:ERA-40 wave reanalysis and Mei’s hindcast wave data.In the numerical calculation of regional ocean waves,the wave climate characteristics exhibited significant bias if the influence of external swells(swells from afar)was not fully considered,which may provide an incorrect basis for global climate change analysis.1)The trends of the significant wave height(SWH)obtained from the two datasets showed significant differences,such as those of the Bay of Bengal and the Java Sea in June-July-August.For the past 45 years,SWH from ERA-40(SWH-ERA)exhibited a significant annual increase in low-latitude waters of the North Indian Ocean(0.2-0.6 cm yr^(-1))and South China Sea(0.2-0.8 cm yr^(-1)).2)In the Bay of Bengal,the SWH-ERA in each month was generally 0.5 m higher than the SWH from Mei’s hindcast wave data(SWH-Mei)and can reach 1.0 m higher in some months.3)In the Bay of Bengal,SWH-ERA and SWH-Mei increased significantly at annual rates of 0.13 and 0.27 cm yr^(-1),respectively.This increasing trend was mainly reflected after 1978.SWH-ERA showed a trough in 1975(1.33 m)and a crest in 1992(1.83 m),which were not reflected in SWH-Mei.

六月龄滩羊不同部位羊毛性状的比较

通过测定6月龄滩羊的羊毛直径、断裂强力、卷曲数及羊毛长度等性状信息,探索6月龄滩羊不同部位(肩部、腹部、后腿、臀部)羊毛性状的差异及相关性。结果表明,6月龄滩羊各部位羊毛的伸直长度、自然长度、断裂强力、羊毛直径、卷曲数均无显著差异;各部位羊毛长度均匀度较好,羊毛的伸直长度与自然长度变化趋势基本趋于一致,说明二者有一定的相关性;两型毛、无髓毛直径的变异系数为6.21%~8.02%,表明羊毛直径较稳定;两型毛的断裂强力明显大于无髓毛,说明羊毛直径与断裂强力存在较强的相关性;腹部、后腿、肩部、臀部的无髓毛卷曲数均大于两型毛,说明羊毛直径小对卷曲有利;由6月龄滩羊腹部羊毛各性状的相关性分析可知,无髓毛性状间的相关系数大多较两型毛大,可能原因是两型毛较长,易受营养和外界因素影响。

北京地区周岁内婴幼儿维生素D营养状况调查分析

目的 对本地区2022年7月至2023年6月来我院健康查体的周岁内婴幼儿维生素D营养状况和差异进行比较分析。方法 选取2022年7月至2023年6月来我院健康查体的周岁内,无急、慢性疾病的婴幼儿作为研究对象。取受试儿童末梢血,利用荧光免疫层析法对其血液中的总维生素D和25-羟基维生素D_(3)进行检测,并对数据进行分析和比较。结果 本地区周岁内婴幼儿整体维生素D营养状况良好,3/4婴幼儿维生素D为理想水平,维生素D缺乏者占比小于1.3%,且无严重缺乏者。随月龄增大,维生素D理想水平的婴幼儿比例减低,维生素D充足和缺乏的婴幼儿比例增加。整体婴幼儿和男、女婴幼儿在周岁内总维生素D和25-羟基维生素D_(3)的平均值均随着月龄增加而呈现小幅波动,且不同月龄的总维生素D、25-羟基维生素D_(3)在整体和女婴幼儿中均存在差异(P<0.001)。除3月龄外,各月龄男、女婴幼儿的总维生素D、25-羟基维生素D_(3)及其差值、比值均无差异。半岁前,男、女婴幼儿的总维生素D和25-羟基维生素D_(3)的平均值从2月龄开始每两个月进行翻转,半岁后,整体呈每月翻转。结论 本地区周岁内婴幼儿总体维生素D营养状况良好,但仍需加强婴幼儿维生素D的合理补充。

Obstacles to the Integrated Care of Children Aged 6 to 59 Months Suffering from Acute and Severe Malnutrition at the Chu-Me and HATC of N’Djamena/Chad

Introduction: the problem of Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) and its consequences concern and challenge all social actors worldwide. The objective of the study was to identify the real obstacles that actors face in the integrated management of children aged 6 - 59 months suffering from SAM at the University Hospital of Mother and Child (CHUME) and the Chad-China Friendship Hospital (HATC) of N’Djamena. Methodology: this is a cross-sectional descriptive and interpretative study conducted from January to October 2023 at the CHUME and HATC of N’Djamena. It is based on questionnaires and direct observation of two hundred and thirty-six (236) parents or guardians of malnourished children admitted to these health facilities. All 236 agreed to participate freely in this study. Results: it appears from this study that the obstacles to the integrated management of malnourished children were: poor care-care relationship (26.7%) permanent product breaks (22.9%), the direct costs of services ranged from 30,000 to 60,000 FCFA (41.53%), drugs used for the treatment of patients came from the street (66.10%), malaria and anemia occupy an important place (27.5%), 57.2% respondents had monthly income below 60,000 CFAF. Conclusion: the present study carried out has identified the real bottlenecks to the integrated management of children suffering from SAM in the therapeutic nutritional units of the city of N’Djamena. .

24个月内疾病进展在套细胞淋巴瘤中的预后意义

目的:探讨24个月内疾病进展(POD24)对套细胞淋巴瘤(MCL)患者总生存的影响,比较POD24和非POD24患者的临床特征。方法:回顾性分析2010年1月至2020年8月徐州医科大学附属医院收治的有治疗指征且经过正规治疗的MCL患者50例,根据POD24发生情况进行分组,进行预后评估及临床特征比较。结果:单因素Cox回归分析结果显示,是否发生POD24、PLT、白蛋白、MIPI评分、ECOG PS评分、LDH均是影响初诊MCL患者OS的因素(P<0.05)。对单因素分析中有意义的指标进行多因素Cox回归分析,结果显示,发生POD24[HR=16.797(95%CI:3.671-76.861),P=0.001]、白蛋白<40 g/L[HR=3.238(95%CI:1.095-9.572),P=0.034]、ECOG PS≥2分[HR=4.005(95%CI:1.033-15.521),P=0.045]是影响MCL患者OS的独立危险因素。POD24患者较非POD24患者起病时PLT<100×10^(9)/L的发生率(33.3%vs 5.9%,P=0.033)及ECOG PS≥2分的发生率(45.5%vs 5.9%,P=0.040)明显增高。结论:POD24为影响MCL患者总生存的独立预后不良因素,起病时伴PLT<100×10^(9)/L、ECOG PS≥2分的患者发生POD24比例较高。

不同月份的潜江小龙虾营养品质比较研究

目的 评价不同月份潜江小龙虾的品质。方法 测定3月、5月以及7月份的潜江小龙虾的氨基酸组成与含量、蒸煮损失率、色度、质构特性等品质指标。结果 3个不同月份的小龙虾虾肉中组氨酸、甘氨酸、脯氨酸较为接近,没有显著差异(P>0.05)。但5月份和7月份的赖氨酸、蛋氨酸等13种氨基酸的含量显著高于3月份的小龙虾(P<0.05)。5月份的小龙虾蒸煮损失率最低,保水性好。随着月份的增加,小龙虾虾肉的亮度值和黄度值先增加后降低。5月份和7月份的小龙虾虾肉的硬度和弹性显著高于3月份小龙虾(P<0.05)。结论 不同月份小龙虾的蛋白质含量、保水性、色度以及质构方面存在一定差异,这可能是由气温以及环境变化的差异造成的,但这些差异不会对小龙虾的加工和食用有显著影响。