The Right to Work of Chinese Ethnic Minorities:Replies to Concerns and Suggestions of the UN Human Rights Treaty Bodies

The UN Human Rights Treaty Bodies have repeatedly raised concerns about the Chinese government’s fulfillment of its obligations to safeguard the right to work of ethnic minorities, including the insufficiency of materials, the asymmetry of employment conditions between migrating Han and other ethnic groups, as well as so-called pervasive discrimination against non-Han ethnic workers. The UN Human Rights Treaty Bodies raised these concerns based on various facts and the rationality of their suggestions differ. China has replied accordingly. China should continue to reply based on the facts, and it should accept those suggestions that are reasonable and on facts.When addressing suggestions that are not based on facts, we should identify the nature of the problems and eliminate misunderstanding by clarifying the facts and encouraging friendly dialogue.

Focusing on Building Bases,Improving Human Rights Work

Over the course of a whole day, all the candidate organizations introduced their work and respondedto inquiries from panel members. The selection meeting was smooth and successful.

For Better Procuratorial Work to Protect Human Rights

The Chinese Constitution calls for respecting and protecting human rights. And accordingly, people＇s procuratorates across the country take judicial protection of human rights as their primary task. They are contributing to the development of China＇s human rights cause by getting involved in cracking down on crimes in violation of human rights while seeking to improve their own work.

Prospects Great for Work of Chinese Human Rights Theorists

Here we are, at this springtime, at Tianjin-based Nankai University for this, the Second NationalConference for Experience-Sharing by Human Rights Studies Institutions. This gathering is an event of great importance to academic studies of human rights in China, highlighting the liveliness and vitality characteristic of our work.

Prison Management Works Hard to Bring Human Rights under Good Protection

EDITOR＇S NOTE： Human rights protection in prisons is an important part of China＇s National Human Rights Action Plan and the human rights conditions in prisons constitute an important hallmark of the human rights protection level of the country. In order to get to know more about human rights protection in this special area, this reporter paid a visit to the No. 4 Prison in Henan Province, central China.

Chinese Citizens' Right To Work and Social Security Effectively Protected——An interview with Zheng Silin, minister of labor and social security

Following is an interview by staff reporters of the Human Rights magazine with Zheng Silin, Chinese minister of labor and social security. The interview was meant in part to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the implementation of the Labor Law of the People's Republic of China that falls on January 1,2005. We are publishing this transcript with a view to providing our readers with information about how China has worked persistently to protect citizens' right to work and social security and the achievements it has made in this regard. We need to remind our readers of the fact that back in March 2004, the National People's Congress, China's highest legislature, approved a recommendation for revision of China's Constitution. In accordance with the recommendation, the Constitution had one more clause added: The state shall establish and improve a social security system commensurate to the level of the economic and social development.

Strengthening International Cooperation, Working for World Human Rights Development——Speech at the opening ceremony of the 12th Sino-German Human Rights Symposium, July 13, 2014

The 12th Sino-German Human Rights Symposium opened today in Beijing. On behalf of the State Council Information Office, I would like to express my warmest con- gratulations on the opening of the forum, extend my welcome to Ms. Herta Daeubler-Gmelin and other German friends and my gratitude to symposium organizers and all participants for your long-term contribution to communication and exchange in human rights between China and Germany.

Responsibilities and Working Mechanism of National Human Rights Education and Training Bases

On July 22, 2014, the second group of national human rights education and train- ing bases was announced,increasing the number of national bases from the previous three to a total of eight, which reflects the advancement of human rights education and ~aining in China and has far-reaching significance.

Empirical Human Rights Studies Contribute to Building a Society Under the Rule of Law——Summary of the Fifth National Meeting for the Exchange of Work Experience Among Human Rights Research Institutions

From Nov. 5 to 6, 2013, the China Society for Human Rights Studies （CSHRS）held the Fifth National Meeting for the Exchange of Work Experience Among Human Rights Research Institutions at Wuhan University. More than 100 experts and scholars, focusing on empirical human rights studies and their contribution to building a society based on the rule of law, shared their work experience and discussed effective strategies. CSHRS President Luo Haocai, who served as vice chairman of the 10th National Committee of the Chinese People＇s Political Consultative Conference,

基于Solid Works的模型权限管理系统研究

通过Solid Works的二次开发接口,以VS2005为开发工具,把权限管理策略和加解密技术集成到Solid Works中,实现产品三维模型数据全生命周期的安全保护控制。对身份验证技术、DES加密算法的实现过程进行阐述;介绍Solid Works消息拦截流程;提出限制Solid Works功能的思路与方法。

基于SolidWorks电动滚筒右法兰轴设计

用SolidWorks为平台,建立右法兰轴实体模型,并用Simulation对实体模型进行有限元静力分析和模态分析,得到应力、位移分布规律,找出危险截面所在,计算出固有频率,避免其在工作时发生共振,为右法兰轴设计提供理论依据。

馆藏绝版作品数字化传播的规范进路

国家图书馆与北京三面向公司著作权纠纷案让馆藏绝版作品的数字化传播问题引起社会关注。为保护著作权并调和社会公共利益,避免破坏正常市场运作机制,我国《信息网络传播权保护条例》规定了馆藏绝版作品数字化传播的合理使用制度。从实施情况看,条例对适格客体条件与传播范围的限制过于严苛,存在违反基本公共服务均等性要求和违背利益平衡原则等问题。借鉴新修订《日本著作权法》中的相关条款,建议我国对于馆藏绝版作品的数字化传播规范宜采取如下改革措施:一是扩大合理使用的范围,建立覆盖馆内、馆际、馆外的传播体系,并设置匹配的补偿机制;二是优化客体适用条件,建立“绝版作品”的动态认定机制;三是探索建立以国家图书馆为枢纽的绝版作品数字化传播运行机制。

Right Ventricular Failure Following Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation

Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is being used increasingly in recent years for end stage heart failure as a bridge to transplant (BTT) and also as a destination therapy (DT). Patients with end stage heart failure have some degree of elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, causing right ventricular hypertrophy which in due course leads to decreased dilatation of the RV and fall in cardiac output & severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) presenting with features of RV failure (RVF). Implantation of LVAD improves left heart function at the cost of right ventricular output with an incidence of 25%-30%. RVF may lead to impaired LVAD flow, difficulty in weaning from cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB), decreased tissue perfusion and multi-organ failure. In this article we comprehended the pathophysiology leading to RVF post LVAD implantation and its preoperative predictors and the various treatment modalities for managing RVF post LVAD implantation.

NFT数字作品交易行为的“发行属性”与适用规则

NFT数字作品交易方兴未艾,但侵权问题频现,亟需合理的规制路径。NFT技术促进数字作品交易客体特定化并产生准物权变动的效果,使NFT数字作品区别于一般数字作品与传统作品,为发行权扩张提供了技术性支撑。但发行权的扩张尚面临诸多困境,包括“有形载体”要件的阻碍、“所有权转移要件”标准不明、发行权与信息网络传播权在数字环境中存在重叠等。基于此,应当厘清数字环境中发行权与信息网络传播权的关系;细化NFT数字作品交易领域的发行权适用标准,完成从“有形载体”到“作品与载体相对应”的转变,明确“出售”及“所有权转移”的认定;以“转让+删除”技术及征收版权转售费作为辅助手段,完成发行权在NFT数字作品交易中的嬗变与适用。

数字作品转售的版权风险与制度应对

数字作品转售市场的发展,需要以发行权用尽原则向数字环境的扩张为基础。以控制权转移为核心的数字作品转售依托下载方式开展,使复制权侵权风险成为数字发行的阻碍。在司法实践中,欧盟与美国法院对计算机软件交易中的必要下载行为予以豁免,但认定计算机软件之外的数字作品转售侵犯复制权。《世界知识产权组织版权条约》与我国著作权法存在适用数字发行权用尽的空间。在立法上,通过合理使用制度对数字作品转售中必要下载行为予以豁免,辅以删除管理技术,将实现发行权向数字环境合理扩张。

新就业形态下城市劳动力技能人力资本控制权意识与工作时间配置决策——基于工作时间异质性的分析

新就业形态下,劳动力工作时间配置自主性和灵活性增强。从劳动者技能积累和工作收入维度来考量,可将工作时间性质分为突破型、补充型、低维持型和耗竭型。运用心理账户和人力资本产权理论,深入探讨技能对城市劳动力工作时间配置决策机制。研究表明,劳动力技能人力资本具有人格化财产特性,使其在技能人力资本产权交易过程中产生强烈控制权意识,导致劳动力决策时会因技能的不同利益目标而分别形成情感型和经济型心理账户。情感账户下,技能人力资本控制权意识越强,劳动力越倾向于选择突破型工作时间和补充型工作时间;经济账户下,技能人力资本控制权意识越强,劳动力越倾向于选择低维持型工作时间和突破型工作时间。因此,应高度重视劳动力的工作流动问题,提升劳动者多维技能投资意识,健全和完善“普惠式”职业技能培训长效机制,以促进劳动者充分就业。

区块链技术下NFT数字作品交易适用发行权的证成

NFT数字作品的出现为作品在网络领域的传播提供了一种新的途径,对我国数字经济发展起到了一定的促进作用。“NFT第一案”中没有明确NFT数字作品交易的法律属性,理论上对于NFT数字作品交易是否适用发行权及权利用尽原则也还存在着相应的学理争议。其主要原因在于NFT数字作品缺乏“作品的有形载体”这一适用发行权及权利用尽原则的构成要件,以及受到发行权不适用于网络空间作品传播的限制。通过分析NFT数字作品的交易技术原理及特殊价值,其具有突破“有形载体”要件的限制,适用发行权及权利用尽原则的可行性。对于发行权不适用于网络空间的问题,应当基于NFT数字作品特殊的交易流程、交易平台及交易模式来提出合适的解决路径。

劳动形态多样化对劳动法的冲击与劳动法的范式革新

随着科技进步和生产方式变革,劳动世界从标准就业为主趋向劳动形态多样化的格局。标准就业是传统劳动法保护的起点,主要指具有从属性和持续性特征的全日制劳动合同用工。在劳动形态多样化趋势下,具有不稳定性、弱从属性和去中心化的非标准就业如雨后春笋般冒出,对传统劳动法形成了强力冲击,这一冲击表现为劳动法的适用困局、劳动者劳动权益受损及用工关系调整机制滞后等。为应对劳动形态多样化的挑战,劳动法亟须进行范式革新,这需要劳动法在方法论上综合运用逻辑演绎和实用主义的思维工具,在用工关系治理机制上强化劳动立法和劳动司法的协作,并注重国家干预和社会协商的配合,在治理目标上同步推进基本劳动权益保护和生产效率解放。

生育新政下工作母亲就业困境与支持体系构建

工作母亲(特指已生育且在业的女性)既要参与社会劳动,又要承担生育和照顾儿童的主要责任,必然带来职业与养育之间的矛盾冲突,陷入“生育歧视”与“母职惩罚”等种种就业困境。我国“三孩”生育新政的实施使工作母亲的职育矛盾凸显,平等就业问题更突出。因此,宜通过完善法律政策体系、建立成本共担机制、催化社会力量担当、重建家庭内部分工等方式为工作母亲构建一个合理的平等就业支持体系。

体育赛事转播的著作权法保护研究——以广播组织权为分析中心

对体育赛事转播的保护,司法实践倾向于采用将体育赛事节目认定为作品的方式,但该做法对“独创性”判断标准依赖较强,且与“著作权-邻接权”的二元区分逻辑也稍有相悖,难以用来规范赛事传播中的盗播行为。相较而言,广播组织权作为规制盗播的天然制度工具,能够较好地实现对传播行为的保护。但是,随着网络转播的普及,网播组织已成为赛事转播的重要主体,碍于其不属于广播组织者,导致广播组织权无法全面保护体育赛事转播。有鉴于此,可参照国际层面共识和立法经验,扩大广播组织权的主体保护范围,使网播组织能够适用《著作权法》第47条,以广播组织权为基础性保护手段,同时结合其他保护方式,全面保障体育赛事转播权益。