Research on Work-Life Balance of Female Employees

Nowadays,the pace of work and life is accelerating rapidly,accompanied by significant changes in work content and family structure.Enterprises and employees are encountering various pressures and conflicts.Female employees,in particular,are experiencing increasing pressure in both social labor and family affairs,resulting in ongoing conflicts between work and life.Achieving a balance between these two domains is crucial for female employees.This article aims to analyze the influencing factors of work-life balance for female employees and to propose useful strategies to help them improve it.

Post-COVID-19 Challenges for Full-Time Employees in China: Job Insecurity, Workplace Anxiety and Work-Life Conflict

Background:Though the COVID-19 pandemic recedes,and our society gradually returns to normal,Chinese people’s work and lifestyles are still influenced by the“pandemic aftermath”.In the post-pandemic era,employees may feel uncertainty at work due to the changed organizational operations and management and perceive the external environment to be more dynamic.Both these perceptions may increase employees’negative emotions and contribute to conflicts between work and life.Drawing from the ego depletion theory,this study aimed to examine the impact of job insecurity during the post-pandemic era on employees’work-life conflicts,and the mediating effect of workplace anxiety in this relationship.Besides,this study also considered the uncertainty of the external macro environment as a boundary condition on the direct and indirect relationship between job insecurity and work-life conflicts.Methods:A two-wave questionnaire survey was conducted from October to December 2023 to collect data.MBA students and graduates from business school with full-time jobs are invited to report their perception of job insecurity,work anxiety,perceived environment uncertainty,and work-life conflict.This resulted in 253 valid responses.Data analysis was performed using the SPSS,Amos,and PROCESS.Results:The results showed that:(1)Employees’job insecurity would directly intensify the work-life conflict(B=0.275,p<0.001,95%CI[0.182,0.367]).(2)Employees’workplace anxiety mediates the relationship between job insecurity and work-life conflict(B=0.083,p<0.001,95%CI[0.047,0.130]).(3)The mediating effect of workplace anxiety between job insecurity and work-life conflict exists when perceived environmental uncertainty is high(B=0.049,95%CI[0.011,0.114]),while vanishes when perceived environmental uncertainty is low(B=0.024,95%CI[−0.005,0.068]).Conclusion:Job insecurity combined with perceived environmental uncertainty in the postpandemic era fuels employees’workplace anxiety and work-life conflicts.Post-pandemic trauma lingers,necessitating urgent attention and response.

Why Brazilian Women Are Not on Top： The Work-Life Reconciliation Hypothesis

The female presence in middle management is already significant in Brazil. Yet, women hold only 7% of the board seats. Why are there so few women in corpomtive top ranks？ Is it possible that prejudice and sexism work selectively, allowing women to ascend not beyond a certain point in corporate hierarchy？ This paper rejects such a perspective and aims at understanding the dynamics that drive women against the executive suite. The premise beneath this research is that women are not victims, but autonomous individuals. In order to test the hypothesis of Brazilian women choosing not to ascend, the first step was to analyze Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics＇ （IBGE） data on work force and employment. Thereafter, the research explores the possibility that organizational dynamics is a major factor for women to deal with work-life issues. Studies of scientific organizations show that flexibility helps conciliate work and life. The conclusion is： if corporations could emulate the scientific organizational environment, probably they would not only attract more women to the executive suite, but also adapt to a transforming society.

Person-job fit and work-life balance of female nurses with cultural competence as a mediator: evidence from Nigeria

Objective: This study investigated the mediating effect of cultural competence in the relationship between person-job (P-J) fit and work-life balance among female nurses. Methods: Participants included 216 (mean age = 31.12;SD = 9.16) female nurses that were conveniently selected from two Federal Teaching hospitals in Nigeria. Three questionnaires via the perceived fit scale, cultural competence scale, and work-life balance scale were utilized for data collection. Data were analyzed using both the Pearson Product Moment Correlation and PROCESS macro statistical tools. Results: Results revealed that both P-J fit and cultural competence positively and significantly associated with work-life balance. Also, cultural competence partially mediated the relationship between P-J fit and work-life balance of nurses. Conclusions: The cultural competence enhances the capacity of nurses to balance work and family roles. Therefore, cultural competence training that enhances nurses’ capabilities to handle cultural diversities of patients is essential.

Long Work Hours and Work-Life Balance in Korea and Japan

This study examines long work hours and work-life balance in relation to wage level, workaholism, and consumerism in both Korea and Japan. Findings of this study can be summarized as follows. First, the hypothesis that the wages and working hours have positive but differential effects depending on wage level categories are supported. Second, effects of cultural factors, such as workaholism and consumerism, on long work hours, however, are not significant in both countries. Third, for Korean manual workers, the probability of working long hours is high, but the level of time scarcity is low; but the effect of union membership on long work hours is not significant in both Korea and Japan. Fourth, the hypothesis that negative effects of long work hours and time scarcity on satisfaction with work-life balance are supported. These findings suggest that an increase in wage for non-regular workers and a minimum wage are required to reduce working hours. In addition, they also suggest that reducing working hours, overtime work in particular, and wage gap are crucial to raising the level of satisfaction with work-life balance in both Korea and Japan.

A Strategic Assessment and Evaluation of the Major Determinants of Work-Life Balance for University Student Workers in Lebanon

This research aims to explore the major determinants of work-life balance(WLB)for university student workers in Lebanon.The proposed relationships consist of causality between each of the variables of working hours,proximity to employment,proximity to university,workload,study leave,leaving early,work from home,study at work,and flexible working hours on one hand,and work-life balance on the other.Employing a deductive approach,this study presents one main research question and quantitatively tests 11 hypotheses using a sample of 300 workers studying in both Lebanese University and Notre Dame University.The findings show that work-life balance significantly varies according to demographic factors.As for variables,the number of courses was found to have a significant negative causal relation with work-life balance,while the ability to obtain a study leave and leaving early have a significant positive causal relation with work-life balance.This research adds quantitative empirical proof that number of courses,study leave,leaving early significantly affect“work-life balance”of today’s private and public university student workers in Lebanon.Therefore,the findings offer a theoretical enrichment to the topic of work-life balance in general,and open way for new research to expand internationally as well as locally.

Enterprise WeChat Groups： Their Effect on Work-Life Conflict and Life-Work Enhancement

Social media technologies have made it increasingly feasible for employees to be connected to work. WeChat, a newly emerging social media platform, is widely used in daily life, yet there is still little understanding of the consequences of the use of WeChat groups in enterprise. Based on boundary theory, we suggested that the use of WeChat groups in enterprise have both pros and cons for employees. We gathered data from an online survey of 202 employees. Results show that posting work-related content in enterprise WeChat groups had a beneficial impact on work for employees but also caused work-life conflict （WLC）. However, posting life-related content in enterprise WeChat groups contributes to employees＇ life-work enhancement （LWE）. Contributions and future study directions of these findings are discussed.

工作不安全感如何影响工作-生活平衡?——一个被调节的链式中介模型

基于资源保存理论,考察工作不安全感对工作-生活平衡的影响机制。对346名企业员工进行两阶段纵向追踪调查,结果表明:(1)工作不安全感对工作-生活平衡有直接负向影响;(2)工作认知失败和消极工作反刍在工作不安全感对工作-生活平衡的负面影响间起到中介作用以及链式中介作用;(3)主管支持感强化工作认知失败与消极工作反刍之间的关系从而调节以上链式中介。研究结果有助于为改善由工作不安全感引发的工作和生活失衡提供启发和对策。

肿瘤科护士工作生活质量与死亡应对能力的相关性研究

目的:调查肿瘤科护士工作生活质量及死亡应对能力现状,探讨肿瘤科护士工作生活质量与死亡应对能力的相关性。方法:采用便利抽样法,于2020年7月—8月选取广州市某2家三级甲等肿瘤专科医院193名护士为研究对象,使用一般资料调查表、工作生活质量量表(第2版)、死亡应对能力量表进行现场调查。结果:工作生活质量总分为(106.89±16.46)分,处于中等水平。死亡应对能力总分为(128.29±27.83)分。工作生活质量总分与死亡应对能力总分呈正相关(r=0.161,P<0.05)。结论:肿瘤科护士工作生活质量及死亡应对能力处于中等水平;死亡应对能力是工作生活质量的重要影响因素。管理者可通过加强临终护理培训、心理辅导等措施提高护士死亡应对能力,以改善护士工作生活质量,稳定护理队伍。

临床护士工作生活质量现状及潜在剖面分析

目的 了解临床护士工作生活质量现状,并对其影响因素进行潜在剖面分析。方法 对便利抽样法抽取的1 438名临床护士采用一般资料调查表、护士工作相关生活质量量表(WRQoL)、临床护士额外任务负荷问卷(ETLS)及心理授权量表(PES)进行调查分析。对护士工作生活质量进行潜在剖面分析,并通过单因素与多因素分析对护士工作生活质量进行差异性检验。结果研究共回收有效问卷1 227份。临床护士工作生活质量可分为3个潜在类别:工作生活低质量组(58.19%)、工作生活中等质量组(25.35%)、工作生活高质量组(16.46%)。单因素分析显示,3组护士在文化程度、职务、是否承担教育护士岗位职责、每月夜班频次、参与心理减压培训情况、ETLS评分及PES评分方面比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01)。多因素分析显示,职务、承担教育护士岗位职责、参与心理减压培训情况、心理授权、额外任务负荷是护士工作生活质量分类的影响因素。结论 临床护士工作生活质量分类特征明显,医院管理者可以根据影响因素对不同类别特征的临床护士进行有针对性的心理干预,以提高护士的工作生活质量水平。

Exploring the Interplay between Job Stress,Work Performance,and Attitudes toward Professional Psychological Help among Employees

Objective:This study explores the interplay between job stress,job-related factors,work performance,and attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help among Vietnamese employees.Methods:A total of 374 employees in Vietnam were surveyed using random sampling and an online questionnaire from November 07 to November 28,2023.Demographic data and self-reported from three scales:The New Job Stress Scale(NJSS),Work Performance(WP),and Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help(ATSPPH_SF)were collected.Results:Significant variations were found across several variables,including forms of work,operating hours,education levels,monthly income,numbers of daily working hours,and the presence of a psychological counseling department within the company.Our analysis has highlighted direct relationships between key latent variables.Employees who were more open to seeking professional help tended to report higher levels of job stress.The negative relationship was found between job stress and attitudes toward seeking professional help.Additionally,work effort was positively associated with work quality.Moderation analyses revealed the influence of co-worker support on role expectation conflict and work effort,role expectation conflict and work-life balance,as well as interactions between role expectation conflict and attitudes needed toward seeking professional help.Mediation analyses showed that work effort mediated relationships between openness to seeking professional help,co-worker support,work-life balance,role expectation conflict,and work quality.Attitudes toward seeking professional help also mediated relationships between work-life balance,job stress,and work quality.Conclusion:The study highlights the complex dynamics surrounding job stress,job-related factors,work performance,and attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help among Vietnamese employees.It highlights the importance of addressing help-seeking barriers,promoting work engagement,and fostering healthy work-life balance for employee well-being and productivity.Further research across diverse contexts and interventions is needed.

中小学校长的心理健康素养对其生活满意度、工作满意度的影响:心理健康和主动工作行为的中介作用

为了探讨中小学校长的心理健康素养对其生活满意度、工作满意度的影响,以及心理健康和主动工作行为的中介作用。本研究以心理健康素养量表、一般心理健康问卷、主动工作行为量表、生活满意度量表、工作满意度量表为测量工具对河南省283名中小学校长进行问卷调查。结果发现:(1)中小学校长心理健康素养正向影响心理健康和主动工作行为;(2)中小学校长心理健康素养通过心理健康和主动工作行为间接影响生活满意度;(3)中小学校长心理健康素养通过心理健康和主动工作行为间接影响工作满意度。研究结果揭示了中小学校长心理健康素养通过心理健康和主动工作行为间接影响生活满意度、工作满意度的内在机制,能够为干预中小学校长心理健康素养,改善他们的生活满意度和工作满意度提供理论支持。

基于脉冲涡流监测与Wiener过程的再制造工作辊实时剩余寿命预测方法

再制造工作辊在热轧工作过程中熔覆层易发生复杂的退化行为,而其性能退化会影响轧制产品的质量。为实时监测轧辊退化情况并预测其剩余寿命,构建一套在线脉冲涡流监测方法和系统,采用变分模态分解-希尔伯特变换(VMD-Hilbert)方法提取0~5000 Hz频率边际谱能量和的增量作为轧辊退化特征。基于此,构造考虑个体差异的状态退化空间模型,结合最大期望(EM)算法和Kalman平滑滤波算法联合对模型中未知参数进行自适应参数估计,并利用层次分析法融合监测的历史数据与实时数据,以实现对再制造工作辊实时剩余寿命预测。实验结果表明,所提方法能够准确预测再制造工作辊剩余寿命,具有一定的应用前景。

乡村振兴战略背景下农村基层干部社会态度问卷的修订

对2010年自编的《农村基层干部社会态度问卷》进行修订,经过737名村干部被试数据分析,结果表明问卷修订后区分度、信度和效度都优于之前的问卷,并且因素分析修订前后结果高度一致,结果表明修订后的问卷具有良好的项目区分度、信度和效度,问卷可以作为当前研究农村基层干部社会态度的有效测量工具。

Exploring the Latest Trends in AI Technologies: A Study on Current State, Application and Individual Impacts

Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers immediate insights to penetrate the overwhelming volume of everyday security warnings. The current body of research mostly examines the use of AI in the field of cyber security, but it does not adequately address the visual inspection of AI applications. The advent of AI has led to noticeable structural changes in the field of cyber security. This study facilitates the advancement of theory about artificial intelligence (AI) across several fields. It assists researchers in determining research paths and serves as a resource for corporations and governments to strategize the use of AI in areas such as cyber security, education, healthcare, and work-life balance. Numerous nations, organizations, and writers are intricately linked via cooperation and citation networks. Artificial intelligence is an academic discipline focused on the research and advancement of computer systems, robots, and other creations that possess human-like intelligence, which is defined by cognitive powers, learning capabilities, and adaptability. This research aimed to evaluate the present trajectory and influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on education, healthcare, cybersecurity, and work-life balance. Based on an initial examination, this research focused on evaluating the use and impact of AI in many domains, using a specific narrative and framework. The findings of this study will enable researchers to comprehend the prevailing pattern and the influence of people on the integration of AI into daily life.

社会工作推进社会救助中“对象赋能”和“环境优化”的整合实践

随着我国迈入全面建设社会主义现代化国家的新发展阶段,社会工作成为推动社会救助从解决生存型困难向满足发展型需求转型的重要社会力量。从社会工作实践的生命模型理论和生态系统理论出发,探讨社会工作在社会救助实践中推动“对象赋能”和“环境优化”双重实现的可能性,结果显示:社会工作可以从社会救助对象在处理生命任务时与环境系统互动中的问题和需求出发,综合运用多种理论和方法,采取“生命任务—社会目标—实践系统”的整合实践框架,着力提升救助对象解决问题和使用资源的能力,同时改善救助对象发展所需的资源环境,促进政策资源系统、社会资源系统和社会网络资源系统等资源系统与救助对象的良性互动,从而推动发展型社会救助政策的落地实践。

村落中的“公主”——城市化进程中的成长陷阱

中国近40年的城市化进程,对女性成长具有特殊意味。有这样一群农村姑娘,她们本是家庭、村落或学校的宠儿,充满内在的骄傲,对人生有着特别的渴望期许,但最终走上了成功与幸福相对立的道路。对她们而言,成长中的陷阱遍布爱情、家庭与事业各个方面。在这里,赫然存在一种文化中断。这种文化中断不是根源于波伏瓦所说的“幸福的被动性”或布迪厄所说的“男性统治”及其背后的“象征暴力”,也不是由于家庭资本或社会经济地位的特殊影响,而是与一套外在的打断系统息息相关。正是这套打断系统在她们生活中再造了相互观看与占有、情感结构与事业组织、理论生活与生产性劳动的现实区分。而城乡二元体制,则是这种打断系统制度化的核心。从这里,我们看到了城市、学校与理论知识这样一套公共支持系统与女性成长的内在关联。

理论社会工作学:生成基础与实践逻辑

根据社会工作既有理论体系与学科发展现实情况,理论社会工作学能够彰显社会工作学科化的可能性与可行性。理论社会工作学以价值起点和情境基础重新定义社会工作人性观和困境观,进而构建生活化助人的实践逻辑。从回归生活的目标设定、生活意义的场境适应、成长为本的策略选择、系统互动的介入路径等方面,支持和协助服务对象度过暂时的生活危机。结合中国特色社会主义的时代背景,理论社会工作学澄清了社会工作的社会性、福利性、治理性、发展性等专业特质;并在公民权利、公共利益与人类命运共同体等方面厘清专业定位。

工作-生活平衡量表在护士工作-生活平衡状态中的应用评价

目的探讨工作-生活平衡量表用于测评护士工作-生活平衡状态的信度和效度,为调查护士工作-生活平衡状态提供科学、严谨的测评工具。方法2023年2月1日至3月1日使用工作-生活平衡量表对广西医科大学第一附属医院、广西医科大学第二附属医院、广西医科大学附属武鸣医院3所三甲医院具有临床工作经验1年及以上的526名护士进行测定,并对测评结果进行信效度检验。结果总量表Cronbach′s α系数为0.940,分半信度为0.881;3个因子内部Cronbach′s α系数为0.819~0.930,折半信度为0.796~0.899,量表信度良好。该量表包含3个因子,累积解释方差变异为68.857%。每个条目的因子载荷值为0.468~0.862,而条目的具体归属则与以往的研究结论有所不同。3个分量表间的相关系数为0.515~0.663,总量表的相关系数为0.731~0.949,说明量表结构、内容效度良好。验证性因素分析量表的理论模型剔除2个条目后标准化残差均方根为0.070,比较拟合指数为0.904。结论工作-生活平衡量表测评护士工作-生活平衡状态具有较好的信度和结构效度,模型拟合度稍差,建议扩大样本量进一步验证。

基于多源域迁移学习的带式输送机剩余寿命预测方法

煤矿开采过程中,带式输送机运行环境恶劣、工况复杂,致使获得的传感监测数据量有限且存在大量噪声干扰,严重限制了其剩余寿命预测的准确度。针对该问题,提出了一种多源域迁移学习剩余寿命预测方法,充分利用煤矿运输过程中积累的带式输送机多工况数据,以达到准确预测其关键零部件托辊轴承剩余寿命的目的。首先构建集成多尺度卷积神经网络和双向门控循环单元(MCNN-BiGRU)的设备退化特征提取模型,对单工况数据进行特征提取挖掘,并使用PSO算法确定模型超参数。在此基础上,加入多源域迁移学习(MDT)方法,利用多个工况数据进行剩余寿命预测,通过最大均值差异(MMD)与相互关系对齐(CORAL)联合损失拉近各源域数据分布差异,解决因数据量少导致的模型训练精度不高的问题。最后以煤矿实际生产数据集为例进行实验,结果表明:MDT-MCNN-BiGRU模型的预测效果较好,Savitzky-Golay滤波去噪后模型性能得以进一步提升;使用IMS数据集与现有方法进行比较,发现所提方法预测准确度较高,对煤矿运输设备健康管理具有一定的指导意义。