World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies(WFAS)Technical Benchmark of Acupuncture and Moxibustion:Cupping

World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies(WFAS)Technical Benchmark of Acupuncture and Moxibustion:Cupping,developed under the leadership of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,was approved by WFAS.This technical benchmark was issued on October 9,2023,and implemented on December 31,2023.The main contents include the scope,normative references,terms and definitions,procedures and rules,and safety.This article focuses on the above contents,an outlook on the application,popularization,and update plan of this technical benchmark is proposed.

World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies(WFAS)Technical Benchmark of Acupuncture and Moxibustion:Scalp Acupuncture

World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies(WFAS)Technical Benchmark of Acupuncture and Moxibustion:Scalp Acupuncture,was approved by WFAS,issued on October 9,2023,and officially implemented on December 31,2023.This technical benchmark specifies terms and definitions,scope of application,operation steps and requirements,security requirements,etc.In the development process,the actual clinical conditions of acupuncture and moxibustion in various countries have been fully considered.This technical benchmark is applicable to global acupuncture medical institutions,conducive to the standardized use of scalp acupuncture in clinical practice,and can promote the international dissemination of scalp acupuncture in a certain degree.

World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies Center for Translation

The mission of the Center for Translation is to promote international dissemination of Traditional Chinese Medicine with service first and quality oriented.Our top-level and excellent talent team includes famous experts at home and abroad as consultants,senior,middle-aged and young expertswith international background of traditional Chinese medicine,English editors and senior translators.85% of the members are owning master degrees or above.Those talentsare from universities,research institutions of TCM and Beijing Foreign Studies University etc.

World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies Center for Translation

The mission of the Center for Translation is to promote international dissemination of Traditional Chinese Medicine with service first and quality oriented.Our top-level and excellent talent team includes famous experts at home and abroad as consultants,senior,middle-aged and young expertswith international background of traditional Chinese medicine,English editors and senior translators.

Minutes of the 3rd World Conference of the Specialty Committee of Cardiovascular Diseases,World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies

The 3rd World Conference of Specialty Committee of Cardiovascular Diseases,World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies(WFCMS) was held in Beijing,China from October 18th to 19th,2008.The Conference was hosted by the Cardiovascular Specialty Committee of WFCMS and Beijing Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM), sponsored by Beijing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine.WANG Guo-qiang(Vice-

The 1^(st) World Conference on Science and Technology of TCM(The 1^(st) Announcement)

Experts and colleagues:Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)contains profound scientific connotation and has great potential to lead the future development of life science.In order to promote the development of science and technology of TCM all over the world,the World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies(WFCMS)will convene the World Conference on Science and Technology of TCM in early December 2018.In the same period,the inaugural meeting of Science and Technology Development Committee of WFCMS will be held.

基于中医英语语料库的中医术语英译标准研究

目的比较世界中医药学会联合会颁布的《中医基本名词术语中英对照国际标准》(ISNTCM)和世界卫生组织颁布的《WHO西太区传统医学名词术语国际标准》(ISTTM)两大中医术语英译标准在论文发表实践中的使用情况。方法收集两大标准的原始资料并转换为Excel和TXT格式,统计各自的词组和单词数量。收集《中医杂志》英文版和《美洲中国医学杂志》自创刊以来至2019年9月发表的中医药论文共计202篇,建成小型的中医英语语料库,检索两大标准的词组和单词在语料库中的词频。结果两大标准的共有单词超过了各自的特有单词,提示其核心词素基本一致,但是由于搭配的不同导致各自的特有词组多于共有词组。检索两大标准在语料库中的词频发现,同一中文术语所对应的英译,ISNTCM的词频一般高于ISTTM的词频,提示ISNTCM在中医药论文发表实践中的被接受程度高于ISTTM。结论中医术语英译标准既要符合中医学、语言学等学科的语言规约性,又要遵循“约定俗成”的原则。以语料库为工具,检验已有标准在实践中的使用情况,为理论研究提供实证证据支持,是解决理论层面争议的有效手段。此外本研究也表明可以尝试语料库技术建立中医术语英译词典或英译标准。

全球公民社会时代中国女性NGO发展与转型

20世纪90年代,全球公民社会时代到来,中国妇女NGO发展也进入了一个非常重要的转折时期。1995年,北京世界妇女大会触发了改革开放以来中国社会积蓄的能量,共同促成了中国女性NGO的大发展——以妇联为代表的GONGO开始改革转型;大量民间妇女NGO快速成长壮大,机制上日益走向成熟。十八大以来,女性NGO与中国经济社会发展状况、中国NGO整体发展格局相适应,在理念、体制、资源、能力、素质各个方面都迈出新步伐、取得新成就。这些女性NGO的各自发展状况、它们之间的互动关系将决定中国NGO的未来发展格局。

Investigation of international demand for Clinical Practice Guidelines of Acupuncture and moxibustion:A cross-sectional study

Objective:This study aims to get the medical management of acupuncture and moxibustion in the countries and regions where the society members of World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies(WFAS)are located,including the educational background of acupuncture and moxibustion practitioners and the local clinical practice of acupuncture and moxibustion,and the demands of the content and evidence types of Clinical Practice Guidelines(CPGs)of acupuncture and moxibustion in accordance with WFAS standards,so as to provide requirements and reference principles for the development of CPGs of acupuncture and moxibustion in accordance with WFAS standards.Methods:The convenient sampling method was used to collect the questionnaires,and the WFAS secretariat distributed the questionnaires to 294 contacts of society members from 70 countries and regions in the form of Questionnaire Star four times in April 2020,July 2020,March 2021,and April 2021 respectively.They were then distributed to individual members of acupuncture-moxibustion societies by the contacts.The study content involved the basic information of respondents,including their nationality,occupation,educational background of acupuncture and moxibustion,their local clinical practice and medical management of acupuncture and moxibustion,as well as their demand for CPGs of acupuncture and moxibustion,etc.After the questionnaires were collected,the data were analyzed and described by quantitative research method.Results:In all,302 respondents from 37 countries of six continents responded.The 302 respondents were members of the WFAS society members.(1)Basic information of respondents.They all had acupuncture and moxibustion learning experience,among which,76.5%(231/302)had the education background of acupuncture and moxibustion professional college training,and 88.4%(267/302)had experience of acupuncture and moxibustion clinical practice.Acupuncturists or traditional Chinese medicine doctors accounted for 63.9%(193/302),western medicine doctors,nurses,and pharmacists accounted for 18.2%(55/302),and researchers and teachers accounted for 6.3%(19/302).(2)Local clinical practice and medical management of acupuncture and moxibustion.The level of clinical practice of acupuncture and moxibustion varies greatly among the regions where the WFAS society members lived.Among them,more countries in Europe have not included acupuncture and moxibustion in medical insurance than those in other continents(x^(2)=26.049,P<0.01),and more countries have not included acupuncture and moxibustion in public hospital treatment system than those in other continents(x^(2)=113.488,P<0.01).(3)Demand for CPGs of acupuncture and moxibustion.A total of 93.0%(281/302)respondents believed that WFAS CPGs of acupuncture and moxibustion would be helpful for their local practice.The order of their demand and concern for WFAS CPGs was:acupuncture manipulation>latest progress of acupuncture treatment>choice of acupuncture therapies>safety of acupuncture and moxibustion>combination of acupuncture and other programs.A total of 87.4%(264/302)respondents believed that ancient classics could guide clinical practice,and the ancient literature should be used as evidence for the development of guidelines.Conclusion:The respondents are those future practitioners of CPGs of acupuncture and moxibustion conforming to WFAS standards.Commonly they have clinical practice experience and professional education background.They believe that guidelines will be of help to the clinical practice of acupuncture and moxibustion,hope that WFAS CPGs would recommend effective guidelines for acupuncture manipulation and provide the latest progress in acupuncture treatment and so on,and they believe that classical ancient books can guide their clinical practice.It indicates the necessity and feasibility of formulating the WFAS CPGs of acupuncture and moxibustion.In view of the results of this study,it is suggested that the formulation process of WFAS CPGs of acupuncture and moxibustion should take into account the clinical practice level of acupuncture and moxibustion in each region,as well as its legislation and management situation of acupuncture and moxibustion,so as to meet the needs of users as much as possible.

世界针灸学会联合会的发展

从世界针灸学会联合会(世界针联)与世界卫生组织的合作、学术与标准化工作、针灸教育、技术服务、组织发展等方面详细总结并回顾了世界针联从1987年正式成立以来至今27年的发展情况。世界针联的成长历程见证并推动了针灸在世界的发展,总结经验教训,才能使针联的路越走越宽,成为沟通并促进世界针灸乃至传统医学发展的核心组织。

新形势下医学社团参与国际组织实践与思考

世界公共卫生联盟成立于1967年,秘书处设在瑞士日内瓦,致力于促进全球健康,由全球104个国家预防医学会或公共卫生学会组成,代表全球500万公共卫生专家的声音。本文主要介绍世界公共卫生联盟的发展历程、组织机构框架、重点工作,分析世界公共卫生联盟在促进全球卫生发展中的作用,通过回顾中华预防医学会在世界公共卫生联盟的工作实践,探讨利用世界公共卫生联盟工作平台,发挥医学社团优势,有效开展公共卫生领域民间外交工作。

世界针灸学会联合会的历史

通过总结世界针灸学会联合会的成立背景及创建过程,回顾了世界针灸学会联合会的历史。成立背景中主要有世界针灸的复苏、世界针灸组织的相继成立、国际针灸协会分歧与中国改革开放的推进以及世界卫生组织的关注等。主要的创建过程有八国提议、1984中国针灸发展的重要一年、分歧与共识以及最后阶段。世界针联的正式成立表明世界有了代表全球针灸同仁利益、致力于推动世界针灸发展的国际性针灸行业组织。

世界卫生组织-世界麻醉医师学会联盟(WHO-WFSA):麻醉安全国际标准

此麻醉安全国际标准由世界麻醉医师学会联盟(World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists,WFSA)和世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)联合制订。WFSA是由150个国家的麻醉医师组成的非营利组织。本文所推荐的标准已获得WHO和WFSA成员支持,此标准适用于世界各地的麻醉工作者,旨在为麻醉工作者、专业组织、医院、机构管理者和政府提供指导和帮助,以维持和提高麻醉安全和质量。此标准涵盖专业内容、设施设备、用药及静脉输液、监测和麻醉实施等方面。高度推荐标准与强制标准作用等同,包括(但不仅限于):训练有素的、警惕的麻醉工作者持续在场,通过临床观察及脉搏血氧饱和度持续监测组织氧合及灌注;间断监测血压;通过听诊和二氧化碳检测确认气管内插管(如果有)的正确位置;应用WHO手术安全核查单;麻醉结束时完善交接系统。此国际标准仅为最低标准,而我们的目标是以所能达到的最高标准来实施麻醉,所以实际标准最好超过本文所介绍的标准。