目的:考查世界卫生组织五项身心健康指标(World Health Organization Five-item Well-BeingIndex,WHO-5)在识别高中生抑郁障碍中的信度和效度。方法:用WHO-5对上海市1所中学706名高一到高三年级学生进行初测,计算WHO-5的Cronbachα系数...目的:考查世界卫生组织五项身心健康指标(World Health Organization Five-item Well-BeingIndex,WHO-5)在识别高中生抑郁障碍中的信度和效度。方法:用WHO-5对上海市1所中学706名高一到高三年级学生进行初测,计算WHO-5的Cronbachα系数,进行因子分析判定其结构效度;初测同时使用Beck抑郁量表(Beck Depression Inventory,BDI)测试,计算WHO-5与BDI平行效度;2周后对104名学生用WHO-5进行重测,计算重测信度;对BDI总分≥14分的学生和10%的BDI总分<14分的学生共134人用简明国际神经精神访谈(Mini International Neuropsychiatry Inventory,MINI)进行访谈,根据WHO-5总分以MINI诊断抑郁障碍为金标准绘制ROC曲线,判定其校标效度,确定曲线下面积、临界值及相对应的敏感度和特异度。结果:Cronbachα系数为0.907;重测信度系数ICC=0.644;因子分析表明WHO-5为单因子结构;WHO-5与BDI得分呈负相关(r=-0.52);ROC曲线下面积为0.714,临界值取11.5或12.5时有较平衡的敏感度/特异度,分别为70%/62%或85%/56%。结论:世界卫生组织五项身心健康指标具有较好的内在一致性,但敏感度尚可而特异度一般。其对高中生抑郁障碍的识别有一定适用性,但只能作为一种粗筛工具。展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration(EUS-FNA) for grading pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(PNETs).METHODS: A total of 22 patients were diagnosed with PNET by EUS-FN...AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration(EUS-FNA) for grading pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(PNETs).METHODS: A total of 22 patients were diagnosed with PNET by EUS-FNA between October 2001 and December 2013 at Fukushima Medical University Hospital.Among these cases,we targeted 10 PNET patients who were evaluated according to the World Health Organization(WHO) 2010 classification.Surgery was performed in eight patients,and chemotherapy was performed in two patients due to multiple liver metastases.Specimens obtained by EUS-FNA were first stained with hematoxylin and eosin and then stained with chromogranin,synaptophysin,CD56,and Ki-67.The specimens were graded by the Ki-67 index according to the WHO 2010 classification.Specimens obtained by surgery were graded by the Ki-67 indexand mitotic count(WHO 2010 classification).For the eight specimens obtained by EUS-FNA,the Ki-67 index results were compared with those obtained by surgery.In the two cases treated with chemotherapy,the effects and prognoses were evaluated.RESULTS: The sampling rate for histological diagnosis by EUS-FNA was 100%.No adverse effects were observed.The concordance rate between specimens obtained by EUS-FNA and surgery was 87.5%(7/8).Fo r t h e t w o c a s e s t re a t e d w i t h c h e m o t h e ra p y,case 1 received somatostatin analog therapy and transcatheter arterial infusion(TAI) targeting multiple liver metastases.Subsequent treatment consisted of everolimus.During chemotherapy,the primary tumor remained unconfirmed,although the multiple liver metastases diminished dramatically.Case 2 was classified as neuroendocrine carcinoma(NEC) according to the Ki-67 index of a specimen obtained by EUS-FNA; therefore,cisplatin and irinotecan therapy was started.However,severe adverse effects,including renal failure and diarrhea,were observed,and the therapy regimen was changed to cisplatin and etoposide.TAI targeting multiple liver metastases was performed.Although the liver metastases diminished,the primary tumor remained unconfirmed.These chemotherapy regimens had immediate effects for both unresectable neuroendocrine tumor(NET) and NEC cases.These two subjects are still alive.CONCLUSION: EUS-FNA was effective for PNET diagnosis and Ki-67 index grading for WHO 2010 classification,enabling informed decisions on unresectable PNET treatment by identifying NET or NEC.展开更多
Health related quality of life(HRQOL) is increasingly recognized as an important clinical parameter and research endpoint in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). HRQOL in HCC patients is multifaceted and affec...Health related quality of life(HRQOL) is increasingly recognized as an important clinical parameter and research endpoint in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). HRQOL in HCC patients is multifaceted and affected by medical factor which encompasses HCC and its complications, oncological and palliative treatment for HCC, underlying liver disease, as well as the psychological, social or spiritual reaction to the disease. Many patients presented late with advanced disease and limited survival, plagued with multiple symptoms, rendering QOL a very important aspect in their general well being. Various instruments have been developed and validated to measure and report HRQOL in HCC patients, these included general HRQOL instruments, e.g., Short form(SF)-36, SF-12, Euro Qo L-5D, World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment 100(WHOQOL-100), World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment abbreviated version; general cancer HRQOL instruments, e.g., the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC) QLQ-C30, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy(FACT)-General, Spitzer Quality of Life Index; and liver-cancer specific HRQOL instruments, e.g., EORTC QLQ-HCC18, FACT-Hepatobiliary(FACT-Hep), FACT-Hep Symptom Index, Trial Outcome Index. Important utilization of HRQOL in HCC patients included description of symptomatology and HRQOL of patients, treatment endpoint in clinical trial, prognostication of survival, benchmarking of palliative care service and health care valuation. In this review, difficulties regarding the use of HRQOL data in research and clinical practice, including choosing a suitable instrument, problems of missing data, data interpretation, analysis and presentation are examined. Potential solutions are also discussed.展开更多
文摘目的:考查世界卫生组织五项身心健康指标(World Health Organization Five-item Well-BeingIndex,WHO-5)在识别高中生抑郁障碍中的信度和效度。方法:用WHO-5对上海市1所中学706名高一到高三年级学生进行初测,计算WHO-5的Cronbachα系数,进行因子分析判定其结构效度;初测同时使用Beck抑郁量表(Beck Depression Inventory,BDI)测试,计算WHO-5与BDI平行效度;2周后对104名学生用WHO-5进行重测,计算重测信度;对BDI总分≥14分的学生和10%的BDI总分<14分的学生共134人用简明国际神经精神访谈(Mini International Neuropsychiatry Inventory,MINI)进行访谈,根据WHO-5总分以MINI诊断抑郁障碍为金标准绘制ROC曲线,判定其校标效度,确定曲线下面积、临界值及相对应的敏感度和特异度。结果:Cronbachα系数为0.907;重测信度系数ICC=0.644;因子分析表明WHO-5为单因子结构;WHO-5与BDI得分呈负相关(r=-0.52);ROC曲线下面积为0.714,临界值取11.5或12.5时有较平衡的敏感度/特异度,分别为70%/62%或85%/56%。结论:世界卫生组织五项身心健康指标具有较好的内在一致性,但敏感度尚可而特异度一般。其对高中生抑郁障碍的识别有一定适用性,但只能作为一种粗筛工具。
文摘AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration(EUS-FNA) for grading pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(PNETs).METHODS: A total of 22 patients were diagnosed with PNET by EUS-FNA between October 2001 and December 2013 at Fukushima Medical University Hospital.Among these cases,we targeted 10 PNET patients who were evaluated according to the World Health Organization(WHO) 2010 classification.Surgery was performed in eight patients,and chemotherapy was performed in two patients due to multiple liver metastases.Specimens obtained by EUS-FNA were first stained with hematoxylin and eosin and then stained with chromogranin,synaptophysin,CD56,and Ki-67.The specimens were graded by the Ki-67 index according to the WHO 2010 classification.Specimens obtained by surgery were graded by the Ki-67 indexand mitotic count(WHO 2010 classification).For the eight specimens obtained by EUS-FNA,the Ki-67 index results were compared with those obtained by surgery.In the two cases treated with chemotherapy,the effects and prognoses were evaluated.RESULTS: The sampling rate for histological diagnosis by EUS-FNA was 100%.No adverse effects were observed.The concordance rate between specimens obtained by EUS-FNA and surgery was 87.5%(7/8).Fo r t h e t w o c a s e s t re a t e d w i t h c h e m o t h e ra p y,case 1 received somatostatin analog therapy and transcatheter arterial infusion(TAI) targeting multiple liver metastases.Subsequent treatment consisted of everolimus.During chemotherapy,the primary tumor remained unconfirmed,although the multiple liver metastases diminished dramatically.Case 2 was classified as neuroendocrine carcinoma(NEC) according to the Ki-67 index of a specimen obtained by EUS-FNA; therefore,cisplatin and irinotecan therapy was started.However,severe adverse effects,including renal failure and diarrhea,were observed,and the therapy regimen was changed to cisplatin and etoposide.TAI targeting multiple liver metastases was performed.Although the liver metastases diminished,the primary tumor remained unconfirmed.These chemotherapy regimens had immediate effects for both unresectable neuroendocrine tumor(NET) and NEC cases.These two subjects are still alive.CONCLUSION: EUS-FNA was effective for PNET diagnosis and Ki-67 index grading for WHO 2010 classification,enabling informed decisions on unresectable PNET treatment by identifying NET or NEC.
文摘Health related quality of life(HRQOL) is increasingly recognized as an important clinical parameter and research endpoint in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). HRQOL in HCC patients is multifaceted and affected by medical factor which encompasses HCC and its complications, oncological and palliative treatment for HCC, underlying liver disease, as well as the psychological, social or spiritual reaction to the disease. Many patients presented late with advanced disease and limited survival, plagued with multiple symptoms, rendering QOL a very important aspect in their general well being. Various instruments have been developed and validated to measure and report HRQOL in HCC patients, these included general HRQOL instruments, e.g., Short form(SF)-36, SF-12, Euro Qo L-5D, World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment 100(WHOQOL-100), World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment abbreviated version; general cancer HRQOL instruments, e.g., the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC) QLQ-C30, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy(FACT)-General, Spitzer Quality of Life Index; and liver-cancer specific HRQOL instruments, e.g., EORTC QLQ-HCC18, FACT-Hepatobiliary(FACT-Hep), FACT-Hep Symptom Index, Trial Outcome Index. Important utilization of HRQOL in HCC patients included description of symptomatology and HRQOL of patients, treatment endpoint in clinical trial, prognostication of survival, benchmarking of palliative care service and health care valuation. In this review, difficulties regarding the use of HRQOL data in research and clinical practice, including choosing a suitable instrument, problems of missing data, data interpretation, analysis and presentation are examined. Potential solutions are also discussed.
