Effect of proteolytic starter culture isolated from Chinese Dong fermented pork(Nanx Wudl)on microbiological,biochemical and organoleptic attributes in dry fermented sausages

The effect of a proteolytic starter culture isolated from Nanx Wudl,on microbiological,biochemical and organoleptic attributes of dry fermented sausages was investigated during processing.Based on preliminary screening,the combination of Staphylococcus xylosus SX16 and Lactobacillus plantarum CMRC6,showing excellent proteolytic activity in vitro,was selected as the multi-strain starter(starter LS).For comparison,the single-strain starter culture of L.plantarum CMRC6(starter LB)and non-inoculated control were also tested.During fermentation,lactic acid bacteria and staphylococci dominated the microbiota and suppressed the Enterobacteriaceae growth in LS-inoculated sausages.The addition of LS starter accelerated acidification and proteolysis during ripening,improving the contents of total free amino acids and several essential free amino acids(Phe,Ile and Leu).Volatile compounds analysis revealed that LS-fermented sausage showed the highest abundance of 3-methyl-1-butanol,probably due to the inoculated S.xylosus.The inoculation of LS starter improved the sensory properties of sausages,especially the flavor attribute.Therefore,S.xylosus SX16 and L.plantarum CMRC6 are promising candidates for inclusion as multi-strain starters in the manufacture of gourmet fermented dry sausage.

Predominant yeasts in Chinese Dong fermented pork(Nanx Wudl)and their aroma-producing properties in fermented sausage condition

Yeasts are one of the predominant microbial groups in fermented meats.In this study,yeast communities of Chinese Dong fermented pork(Nanx Wudl)were investigated and the technological properties of 73 yeast isolates were evaluated.Through culture-dependent and high-throughput sequencing methods,the main yeast species identified included Pichia membranifaciens,Kazachstania bulderi,Millerozyma farinosa,Candida zeylanoides,Kazachstania exigua,Candida parapsilosis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Among these yeasts,P.membranifaciens,M.farinosa,K.exigua and K.bulderi were detected in fermented meats for the first time.A total of 73 yeast isolates was investigated for their lipolytic and proteolytic activities.All yeast species showed lipolytic activity,while proteolytic activity against meat protein was only detected in S.cerevisiae.Assay of aroma-producing potential was performed in a model simulating fermented sausage condition.Inoculation of yeast strains increased volatiles production,especially esters and alcohols.The highest ester production was observed in S.cerevisiae Y70 strain,followed by K.exigua Y12 and K.bulderi Y19.C.zeylanoides Y10 and S.cerevisiae Y70 were the highest producers of benzeneethanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol.S.cerevisiae Y70 with its highest production of branched alcohols and esters could be a promising candidate as aroma enhancer in the manufacture of fermented sausages.

侗族酸肉中硝酸盐还原菌的分离筛选及其特性研究

从传统侗族酸肉中分离到216个菌株,通过快速半定量平板法结合液体培养基产酶实验筛选出具有硝酸盐还原能力的菌株9株,其中1708和1709两个菌株活性最高。该菌株硝酸盐还原能力强、耐盐、不溶血、不产生异味,有开发为肉品发酵剂的潜力。进而对筛选的两个高活性菌株进行生理生化与分子生物学鉴定,结果表明两株菌均为肉葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus carnosus)。

贵州酸肉中的植物乳杆菌对发酵香肠风味和品质特性的影响

本文研究了贵州酸肉中分离出的2株植物乳杆菌CMRC3和CMRC19,分别作为单一菌株发酵剂时,对发酵香肠微生物、理化性质、挥发性风味和感官品质的影响。结果表明,与未添加发酵剂的对照香肠相比,添加发酵剂的香肠中乳酸菌数量增加较快,肠杆菌数量显著降低,保证了产品的食用安全性。添加发酵剂降低了香肠的水分活度,有利于延长保质期。同时,添加发酵剂的香肠的质构变化显著。利用SPME-GC/MS技术从发酵香肠中鉴定出50种挥发性风味物质,主要包括萜烯类、酸类、醇类、醛类和酯类。感官评价表明,添加发酵剂的香肠气味、滋味和总体可接受性评分高。结论:从贵州传统酸肉中分离出的2株乳酸菌可开发成肉类专用发酵剂。

贵州酸肉中具有高亚硝酸盐降解和耐受能力乳酸菌的筛选与鉴定

从贵州自然发酵的酸肉中分离出19株乳酸菌,选择在MRS培养基中培养24 h的降亚硝酸盐能力最强的3株乳酸菌,经16S r DNA分子鉴定为植物乳杆菌CMRC 3、戊糖片球菌CMRC 7和植物乳杆菌CMRC 19。在模拟肉类发酵的条件下,研究其降解、耐受亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的能力。3株乳酸菌都具有较好的亚硝酸盐降解能力,发酵120 h后分别降解了65.7%~86.3%的亚硝酸盐;然而它们的硝酸盐降解能力都不显著。CMRC 7和CMRC 19耐受亚硝酸盐的性能最强,最高活菌数分别为8.20lg(CFU/m L)和8.11lg(CFU/m L);这3株菌都具有较好的硝酸盐耐受性,最高活菌数分别为8.21,7.93lg(CFU/m L)和8.20lg(CFU/m L)。试验结果表明,从酸肉中筛选出的这3株乳酸菌都有较强的亚硝酸盐降解能力,同时也有较好的硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐耐受性能,可开发成肉类专用发酵剂。