Case Records as Medical Stories: A Song-dynasty Doctor’s Narration of His Own Medicine-Xu Shuwei (1080-1154)

The key point in studying or teaching the history of Chinese medicine is on the doctrines underlying it and on its perception of the body,physiology,pathology,and its treatment.Namely,there is often a tendency to focus on reading and analysing the classical canons and therapy-related texts including formularies and materia medica collections.However,focusing on these sources provides us with a one-sided presentation of Chinese medicine.These primary sources lack the clinical down-to-earth know-how that encompasses medical treatment,which are represented,for instance,in the clinical rounds of modern medical schools.Our traditional focus on the medical canons and formularies provides almost no clinical knowledge,leaving us with a one-sided narrative that ignores how medicine and healing are actually practiced in the field.This paper focuses on the latter aspect of medicine from a historical perspective.Using written and visual sources dating to the Song dynasty,clinical encounters between doctors and patients including their families are depicted based on case records recorded by a physician,members of the patient’s family,and bystanders.This array of case records or case stories will enable us to narrate the interaction between physicians and patients both from the clinical perspective and from the social interaction.This paper will also discuss visual depictions of the medical encounter to provide another perspective for narrating medicine during the Song dynasty.Medical case records and paintings depicting medical encounters are exemplary of the potential of Chinese primary sources for narrative medicine.

From“Semantic Equivalence”to“Verve Reproduction”—Exploration on Xu Yuanchong’s English Translation of the Analects

This paper focuses on the English translation of Xu Yuanchong’s Analects,explains in depth the theory of semantic equivalence and the theory of verve reproduction.It analyzes the application and integration of these two theories by Xu Yuanchong in detail.Through a comprehensive textual analysis,this paper summarizes the remarkable achievements of the English translation of the Analects,such as the accurate transmission of semantics and the vivid reproduction of cultural charm,which is expected to bring new thinking directions and valuable references to the study of the English translation of the Analects.

Textual research on Xu Chunfu's life

Xu Chunfu was a famous medical expert in the Ming Dynasty, who authored the Gu Jin Yi Tong Da Quan and the Yi Xue Zhi Nan Jie Jing Liu Shu. This paper uses the Xu family genealogy, literature catalog, historical records to study the Xu family’s life and deeds. Xu Chunfu was born in the second year of the Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1523) and passed away in the 24th year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty (1596). He served as an official in the Tai Hospital for about 20 years. His work Gu Jin Yi Tong Da Quan was written around the 43rd year of the Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1556), with a lower limit of the fifth year of the Longqing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1571), and the initial engraving time was not earlier than the eighth year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty (1580). This paper corrects the shortcomings and errors in previous research, and provides a comprehensive and systematic examination of Xu Chunfu’s life and works.

基于改进Xu-White模型的富有机质页岩横波预测方法研究

横波速度是储层表征描述、AVO分析和流体识别的重要信息。干酪根是富有机质页岩的重要成分且具有非固体非流体的特殊弹性性质,常规处理方法是将其等效为流体。这里提出了一种基于变化孔隙纵横比Xu-White模型的富有机质页岩横波预测方法,首先将干酪根同时等效为基质矿物和孔隙流体引入模型中,然后利用模拟退火粒子群算法,在约束条件下,反演出变化孔隙纵横比,并以变化孔隙纵横比初始化,模型构建富有机质变化孔隙纵横比Xu-White模型,最后结合测井信息与岩石物理模型预测横波速度。将该方法应用于中国西南部四川盆地东南焦石坝地区某井位,通过对比固定孔隙纵横比Xu-White模型方法与干酪根流体等效的变化孔隙纵横比Xu-White模型预测结果,验证了该方法的适用性和准确性。本方法将为富有机质页岩的研究提供更准确的横波速度资料。

Power and Gaze in Xu Bing’s Dragonfly’s Eye

On August 18,2019,Xu exhibited“The Dragonfly’s Eye”in Today Art Museum.As a respectable writer,Xu drew attention to his elaboration to his illustration of the dragonfly through his own work through incorporating his own artistic interpretation as the new creative mode and idea in art media,further highlighting features of“The Dragonfly’s Eye”.The aesthetic feeling of human nature is emphasized in the creation of Dragonfly’s Eye.Unlike typical contemporary art video works,Dragonfly Eye delivers a whole course of illustration with exceptional production method-through the utilization of existing downloadable videos on the Internet.The project utilizes the romantic story between a young couple to comment on views of life and soul in the contemporary society.Seemingly novelty,the project ultimately centralizes at the idea of the critiquing human nature in the modern ages.

A Comparative Study of Lao-tzu’s“Xu Jing”and Buddhism’s“Stillness”

“Stillness”,as the Vimoksha state of Buddhism’s Nirvana state,is the ultimate experience of religious practice.It has rich connotations.Firstly,“Stillness”is an ultimate aesthetic experience;secondly,“Stillness”means transcending real society,the secular world and utility.In Lao-tzu’s thought,“To the Ultimate,You Yourself Empty”,“Remain in Silence and Clarity”,“Anātman”,etc.,are presented,showing that Buddhism and Lao-tzu have some commonalities.Based on the text,this article will make a simple comparative analysis,after separately discussing Lao-tzu’s“Xu Jing”and Buddhism’s“Silence”,in order to show their similarities and differences more fully and objectively.

二语学习者以续促学的能力

语言是通过“续”学会的,语言学习的高效率也可以通过“续”实现。学习者如果能提高以续促学的能力,基于续论的外语教学效果就会更加明显。那么,以续促学的能力包含哪些要素?二语学习者以续促学能力的研究理据是什么?在外语教学中,应当如何培养学习者以续促学的能力?为回答这些问题,推动基于续论的外语教学理论和实践的创新,本文首次提出续能的概念,并分析其基本特征和构成要素,梳理当前以续促学能力研究的认知和实证理据,讨论续能研究的价值及续能培养的途径。

The Aesthetic Inheritance of the Mao Dun Literature Prize in the Flux-Take Xu Mao and His Daughters and A Tale of the Wind as Examples

The Mao Dun Literature Prize is one of the well-known literary awards in China,and in the process of selection over the years,the Mao Dun Literature Prize has developed its own aesthetic orientation.A comparison is made between the early generation of Xu Mao and His Daughters and the recent award-winning work,A Tale of the Wind,to discover the aesthetic heritage in its flux,which is enlightening for the literary criticism and an orientation for the literary creators.

基于Xu-White模型的叠前AVO优化反演在深海浊积储层应用

Glengorm区上侏罗统砂层组Freshney油气资源富集,储层精细刻画是其难点,主要包含两方面:(1)目的层段砂、泥岩阻抗叠置,而受制于测井资料品质,叠前Vp/Vs弹性信息辨识岩性能力较弱;(2)地震资料频带窄、信噪比S/N较低,导致常规反演手段难以有效刻画储层,气层预测难度大。对此,本文首先应用Xu-White岩石物理建模方法,正演分析弹性参数并优化Vp/Vs辨识岩性能力;其次,在叠前AVO反演流程上提出统计性子波解决常规反演砂体预测精度较低问题;最后,利用FFP岩相流体识别技术完成Freshney气层精细刻画。靶区应用表明:该项技术较好地解决了Freshney储层流体刻画难等问题,对英国北海盆地深海浊积砂岩精细刻画具有一定的借鉴意义。

基于续论的二语词汇习得研究述评

基于续论的续写任务为外语教学提供了新思路,续写任务对二语词汇的促学效果也已经得到了大量实证研究的验证。本文对现有的基于续论的二语词汇习得研究进行了回顾与探讨,首先讨论了续写促学词汇的理论依据,然后分析现有研究在任务类型、研究范式及影响促学效果的因素等方面的特点。研究发现:(1)基于续论的二语词汇习得研究采用的续写任务类型较为单一,缺少多轮续写、交叉续写等形式的应用,尚未完全发挥出续写任务的促学潜力;(2)现有研究往往仅从词汇知识深度或质量的角度测量词汇知识,忽略了词汇流利度的作用;(3)现有研究主要考察了互动强度和外语水平等因素对续写任务促学效果的影响,对学习者认知与情感因素的关注不足。在此基础上,本文分析了基于续论的二语词汇习得研究的发展方向及趋势,以期为续论在外语教学中的应用研究提供一定的参考。

许铣教授中西医结合治疗玫瑰痤疮的临证经验

许铣教授从事皮肤科临床、科研工作60余年,中西医结合治疗玫瑰痤疮经验丰富。许铣教授认为,肝郁血热、脾胃湿热为玫瑰痤疮的核心病机。治疗应以中药内服为主,结合疾病分型分期辨证论治,红斑与毛细血管扩张期的基本病因病机为肝失疏泄,郁而化热,基本治法为凉血疏肝兼以养阴清热;丘疹脓疱期主要以脾胃运化失司、脾胃湿热为主,治法为清热燥湿、解毒散结。病程日久者往往合并血瘀和湿热。外治中药常选择具有清热凉血、燥湿、解毒之药效及抑菌、控脂之药理作用的中药。同时,可以根据疾病的临床表现选用西药辅助治疗,临床疗效显著,附验案1例加以佐证。

邹旭治疗长新冠综合征经验介绍

总结介绍邹旭教授治疗长新冠综合征的临床经验。邹旭教授认为新型冠状病毒感染属中医湿疫范畴,其基本病机为正气不足、余毒未清、耗气伤阴。治疗以扶正祛邪为原则,祛邪以祛湿化滞为主,“开五门”给邪以出路,因势利导;扶正以益气养阴为主,并强调补肾益精、固本培元。在益气养阴、渗水利湿的基本治法下,根据长新冠的不同症状表现,在辨证的基础上随症加减。

作为编辑的作家徐訏与他的《天地人》

徐訏曾被学界视为一位极富浪漫抒情笔调、雅俗共赏的后期浪漫派作家。通过对徐訏整个文学生涯的梳理,可以发现,徐訏在不断进行文学创作的同时,还曾担任多个刊物的编辑。特别是他独立创刊的第一个刊物《天地人》,其“比较少年”的办刊宗旨,兼具“导演”“厨子”和“商人”角色的编辑定位,奉读者为“刊物真正主人”的接受预设,以及放眼世界、关注民心的编辑格局与情怀,渗透与实践着徐訏自己独特的编辑理念与文学理想,区别于论语派刊物的幽默、闲适格调。

国医大师许润三用抵当汤加减治疗瘀血型痛经之经验

国医大师许润三从医70余年,传承仲景学术思想,善用经方治疗各种妇科经带胎产杂等疾病,疗效显著。抵当汤出自《伤寒杂病论》,临床被用来治疗诸多血证,在妇科应用也较为广泛,但因抵当汤过于峻猛,被视为是一首破气血、伤正气的“虎狼之方”,故不敢应用,加之抵当汤中的水蛭是有毒之品,妇科应用更是审慎。国医大师许润三秉承仲景的辨证论治精神,将抵挡汤加减广泛用于治疗各种瘀血重症所致的痛经,疗效颇佳。

后太平天国时期徽州的宗族维权与官府确权——以绩溪南关许余氏坟产纠纷为中心的考察

太平天国硝烟的散去拉开了徽州宗族重建的序幕,后太平天国时期,绩溪南关许余氏宗族通过对自身合法坟产的维权,实现了官府以“给示”为标志的确权。南关许余氏坟产纠纷案表明:经历太平天国运动巨大变局后的徽州地方宗族坟产纠纷博弈,是以风水之争为主线,在族内士绅等精英主导、举全族之力应对下,劫后余生的宗族对自身坟产产权权益进行维护与再确认的一个实践过程。在宗族维权与官府确权实践中,以官府颁布告示认可宗族相关权益从而获得宗族赋税缴纳配合、宗族将告示载入族谱形成自身权益的官方依据为显著标志,这从一个侧面反映出徽州宗族在后太平天国时期恢复重建过程中,以坟产纠纷事件处置为契机与官府形成的某种有效互动。

高含水致密凝析气藏稳产技术应用——以四川盆地安岳气田须家河组气藏为例

四川盆地安岳气田上三叠统须家河组二段气藏为低孔、低渗、有水、中含凝析油、弹性气驱、高压岩性圈闭的砂岩气藏,气藏底水能量充足。针对气井生产过程中受地层水水侵和反凝析污染影响造成稳产难度较大的情况,结合储层及气井产液特征,开展有水凝析气井稳产技术应用实践,分析并总结应用实践经验和成果,选取了应用效果较好的注气吞吐、电潜泵排水、车载压缩机气举、柱塞气举排液和自动化开关井5种稳产技术。结果表明:①针对储层反凝析液伤害,形成单井注气吞吐技术应用选井原则;②针对气藏水体赋存特征和水侵模式特征,调整气藏排水采气对策思路,采用电潜泵排水技术和车载压缩机气举技术;③针对地层压力低、举升能量不足,优化油、气、水三相流动条件下的柱塞气举排液技术;④针对低压间歇生产井采用自动化开关井技术,增加生产效率,降低人工成本。对5种主要稳产技术的应用情况进行了分析评价,认为一系列稳产技术的应用有助于安岳气田须二段气藏稳定生产,为类似高含水致密凝析气藏的稳产提供了借鉴和参考。

苏序救荒考:北宋前期一个蜀中乡村富民的行善与处世

苏序是三苏的父、祖。身为北宋前期眉山乡村的一个普通富民,苏序曾有两次救荒活动:其中一次卖田救荒见于正式文献,另一次更为重要的救荒活动仅见于苏轼私下谈话记录。分析这两次救荒活动的具体内容,可以对应北宋前期四川地区两次饥荒的局部状况。更为重要的是,通过对第二次救荒活动的考证,我们发现其中存在牟利行为,这是苏家后人有意识掩饰此事的原因。事实上,苏序兼顾牟利的赈济活动更符合富民的行事逻辑,其慈善活动既是经营之道,也是处世之道。其中,经营之道主要表现为财富自限——不肯过多兼并土地,做到义利兼顾;处世之道主要表现为谦抑待人——不与人争竞,并乐善好施。采取此种生活策略的原因一方面源于眉山苏氏长期以来形成的传统家风,另一方面也源于眉山地区轻财富积累而重门第传统的社会评价体系。总体上看,苏序时代频繁的慈善活动虽造成了家族经济状况的波动,但眉山苏氏的社会地位却不断得到提升,完成了从富民之家到士大夫之家的转型,这为我们理解彼时富民的生活实态提供了有价值的个案材料。由此出发,可以增进我们对宋朝富民行善与处世之道的了解,继而对富民的慈善书写、社会作用及富民群体分化等问题做出后续思考。

医会与医统:明代一体堂宅仁医会研究

学界多将明代中后期的一体堂宅仁医会比附现代专业社团,称其为“中国最早的医学团体”。但若仅以现代标准来评估这一医会,就容易忽视其背后的知识及社会脉络。宅仁医会的主持者为太医院吏目徐春甫,职位并不高,但能依托乡籍、业缘及宫廷医者的政医关系,在北京构建起以江南医者尤以新安医者为主体的医者讲会。医会的意义,在于通过类似儒者讲会的方式,讲论医学,编纂医籍,为医学知识的系统化、规范化提供非正式制度的组织路径。徐春甫组织编纂百卷本《古今医统大全》的庞大知识整理计划,早于医会的成立,但得以最终付梓,则是充分运用了与医会相关的组织及社会资源。由此返观传统中医知识自身演进的机制和路径,可见医学正统知识的确立不仅依赖专业医者的认可,还需充分运用动员医者的关系网络。

叶伟成教授运用徐氏儿科健脾化痰散结理论治疗小儿腺样体肥大

儿童腺样体肥大的临床发病率逐年增多,目前临床上首选手术治疗,但手术后容易复发且常并发腺样体面容、分泌性中耳炎,严重者会引起儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征等并发症,久之会严重影响儿童的生长发育、身心健康和生活质量。叶伟成教授运用徐氏儿科健脾化痰散结法治疗腺样体肥大,运用二陈汤健脾化痰,加用夏枯草等散结药物,临床疗效显著。

遂公盨铭文“遂”“宁”考释与“宁阳大禹”说

■公盨铭之“■”即“遂”,为虞舜之后,两周时期旧地为今宁阳西北鹤山、伏山及周围地区的诸侯小国;遂公在遂即今宁阳铸造此盨,以缅怀大禹之事,载记祖宗之德,自勉和勉励后人在宁为崇德无悔之业,或有因其以大禹为遂人即今宁阳人的可能;“■”即“宁”为古地名,指今宁阳,“宁阳”之“宁”得名必在先秦西周之初或更早的商代,其本义为恭顺、安顺。由■公盨铭文结合古遂国在宁阳考证,“宁阳大禹”即宁阳为大禹故里和治水重地之一说值得认真关注。