新型防护块体Xbloc的安装技术

新型单层防护块体Xbloc因其经济性和实用性,在海外的防波堤工程上得到越来越广泛的应用。本文结合尼日利亚莱基深水港工程防波堤的工程实践,对Xbloc的安装及验收原则进行阐述,对水下Xbloc安装和验收所使用的实时实景3D声呐系统——Echoscope的五个主要组成部分和四个核心功能进行介绍,并与国际上另一款块体辅助安装系统——POSIBLOC安装系统进行对比,得出两款系统的技术特点。通过对Xbloc和Echoscope实际应用的经验总结,希望本文能为国内类似工程应用提供参考,同时为国内软件开发公司提供思路。

海外常用护面块体选型及设计

以南亚某大型深水防波堤EPC项目和多个海外防波堤设计项目为基础,介绍了海外常用的人工护面块体AccropodeTM、Core-LocTM、EcopodeTM和Xbloc@块体,并分别从稳定性、经济性、强健性、环保性、外观性等方面进行了统计对比分析,阐述了各自的适用特点,并总结了常用人工块体的稳定重量、水下肩台设置和压脚石及相应基础处理设计及应注意的问题。

挖掘机智能引导系统在深水防波堤施工中的应用

外海深水防波堤的垫层理坡施工是护面块体安装的核心质量控制点,尤其是水下区理坡施工,一直是防波堤建设的重点和难点。本文结合“一带一路”标志性项目尼日利亚莱基深水港的工程实践,对最新应用的北斗挖掘机智能引导系统的基本原理,组成,误差精度控制和实施效果进行介绍,其克服传统全站仪或RTK在水下盲区的限制,实现了可视化高精度施工,大大提高了理坡质量和工效,为同为中国承包商首次应用的X-Bloc型人工块体的安装奠定了坚实的基础。

Stability of Low Crested and Submerged Breakwaters with Single Layer Armouring

The stability of single layer armour units on low crested and submerged breakwaters has been investigated in 2D hydraulic model tests. Armour unit movements including settlements, rocking and displacements have been determined. The effect of freeboard, packing density and wave steepness on the armour layer stability on crest, front and rear slope has been investigated. Armour units were mostly displaced in the most upper part of the seaward slope and at the seaward side of the crest. Damage on the crest was progressing towards the rear slope. About 40% to 50% larger armour units are required on the seaward slope and crest of low crested structures （as compared to conventional high crested breakwaters）. About 35% larger armour units are required on the rear slope. Larger armour units are not required on submerged breakwaters if the water depth on the crest exceeds 40% of design wave height.