The Impact of the Establishment of National High-tech Zones on Total Factor Productivity of Chinese Enterprises

The National High-tech Zone(NHTZs)is an important strategic platform for cultivating high-tech industries and realizing high-quality economic development in China.Based on the combined data from 2006 to 2014 of the industrial enterprise database,the customs database,and the China Development Zones Audit and Announcement Catalogue(abbreviated asthe Catalogue),this paper systematically investigates the influence of the construction of NHTZs on enterprise’s total factor productivity(TFP).Results show that NHTZs have a positive impact on the TFP of enterprises in the zone,and this conclusion is still valid after considering endogeneity problems.Furthermore,the above productivity effects of NHTZs are heterogeneous in terms of enterprise ownership,external environment and establishment time,and NHTZs have greater stimulation effects on enterprise productivity after comparing with other types of functional zones.An investigation of the specific mechanisms at play shows that NHTZs promote the TFP of enterprises in the zone through the release of preferential policies,strengthening the“technology spillover effects”of imported intermediate goods,enhancing enterprise’s innovation ability and attracting talent.In addition,based on the decomposition of industry productivity,this paper also investigates the impact of NHTZs on changes in industry productivity and finds that NHTZs promote the overall productivity of specific industries mainly by stimulating the productivity improvement of incumbent enterprises and expanding the market share of high-productivity enterprises.Moreover,the preferential policies of NHTZs do not significantly stimulate high-productivity enterprises to enter the zones,nor do they cause low-productivity enterprises to exit.This research is helpful in objectively evaluating the economic effects of the NHTZs in China and in providing a theoretical basis for its further adjustment.

Spatial Pattern Evolution and Industrial Characteristics of Economic and Technological Development Zones and High-tech Industrial Zones in China

Economic and technological development zone and high-tech industrial zone are important types of development zone in China,and there are differences in their connotation and goal setting.In this paper,basic data of national and provincial economic and technological development zones and high-tech industrial zones in China were collected and arranged.Kernel density analysis and other GIS spatial analysis techniques were used to analyze the evolution laws of spatial patterns of economic and technological development zones and high-tech industrial zones in cities from 2006 to 2018.First,the agglomeration intensity was compared by measuring the degree of regional agglomeration and dispersion on the two time nodes.Next,kernel density method was used to explore the evolution of the two in the spatial layout and location,and analyze development commonness and difference of economic and technological development zones and high-tech industrial zones.Finally,the trend and reason of spatial evolution of development zones with different leading industries were explored.Research results show that:①the agglomeration degree of layout of high-tech industrial zones is stronger than that of economic and technological development zones,and there are similarities and differences in distribution trend of spatial patterns of the two types of development zones;②the distribution of labor-intensive,capital-intensive and technology-intensive development zones is concentrated at smaller scales and dispersed at larger ones;③although there are differences between the economic and technological development zones and the high-tech industrial zones in the goal,support,structure and function,management system and so on,their spatial development presents a trend of convergence.In the future,when enhancing urban-rural planning and public administration,governments should combine the trend of industrial transformation and upgrading,and optimize spatial layout of development zones by adjusting industrial structure,layout,transportation and land use.

Comprehensive Control Measures and Effect Evaluation of Groundwater Over-exploitation Areas in High-tech Zone,Jining in 2020

Groundwater over-exploitation is a major problem in groundwater development, utilization and protection. At present, the area of shallow groundwater over-exploitation in the High-tech Zone is 76 km^(2). In this study, the system and mechanism construction, engineering measure construction, and control effect of national comprehensive control project of groundwater over-exploitation areas in the High-tech Zone in 2020 were evaluated, and the comprehensive control of groundwater over-exploitation in the High-tech Zone in the year was summarized to provide effective basis for the continuous implementation of comprehensive control of groundwater over-exploitation. At the same time, the water-saving and exploitation reduction effect and generalizability of different measures were studied to provide useful reference for other over-exploitation areas.

A Study of the Industrial Development in Huazhong Agricultural High-tech Industrial Development Zone

This paper illustrates the current situation and problems concerning the industrial structure in Huazhong Agricultural High-tech Industrial Development Zone,and analyzes the internal contradictions that exist in industry: small-scale land operation has become an inherent obstacle to the industrial development in Agricultural High-tech Zone; farmers are always in a passive position in industrial restructuring optimization; government's policy failures and rent-seeking behaviors have hindered industrial development; the research,popularization and application of agricultural science and technology is not suited to industrial development requirements. Finally,this paper makes the corresponding recommendations for industrial development in Huazhong Agricultural High-tech Industrial Development Zone.

Economic Development Strategies and Optimization of High-tech Development Zones from the Perspective of"Four-transform and Three-famous":Taking Nanchang High-tech Development Zone as an Example

In recent years,high-tech development zones(hi-tech zones)have always occupied a very important position in the strategy of promoting China's innovative development.The combination of the"four-transform and three-famous"coordinated economic development strategy pioneered by Zhejiang Province in 2015 and the coordinated economic development of high-tech zones is particularly important for modern China at a critical time for innovative economic development.In this article,based on the research on the coordination mechanism of economic activities and development of Nanchang High-tech Zone,the development course of high-tech zones in China is elaborated,the early economic models in high-tech zones of Nanchang and China are analyzed,the existing problems in the structure of economic development of high-tech zones are analyzed in depth,the main driving factors for promoting the economic development of high-tech zones are studied from the aspects of capital,space,industry,economic model,etc.,and corresponding development strategies for high-tech development zones in China are proposed.

Evolution of Industrial Competitiveness Based on Evaluation of Urban Competitiveness of Dongguan City:A Case Study of Songshan Lake High-tech Zone

Based on the theoretical system of urban competitiveness,the evaluation model of urban competitiveness from the perspective of competition and cooperation was established.According to the significance index and explanatory index,the urban competitiveness was divided into urban comprehensive competitiveness(UC),urban internal node competitiveness(NC)and external competitiveness of urban network(EC).The scores and rankings of UC,NC and EC in 2006,2010 and 2015 were obtained by conducting the comprehensive evaluation of the urban competitiveness of Dongguan City with integrated usage of the principal component analysis and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution and the data of other 20 cities in Guangdong province,Hong Kong and Macao.The research showed that the competitiveness of Dongguan City has been greatly improved during the decade of 2006–2015,and the regional cities in Guangdong Province had significant differences,which are reflected in the two dimensions of urban internal node competitiveness(NC)and external competitiveness of urban network(EC).Based on this,this study further analyzed Dongguan’s urban competitiveness from two dimensions of NC and EC,and took Dongguan Songshan Lake High-tech Zone as an example to study how to promote Dongguan’s urban competitiveness from the industrial level.

High-tech Industrial Development Zones in Nanjing,Suzhou,Changzhou and Wuxi

Nanjing High-tech Industrial Devel-opment Zone It is a state-level high-tech in-dustrial development zone approved by theState Council, with an area of 16.5 sq km,comprising seven sq km of industrial area,five sq km of Taiwan invested area, three sqkm of university teaching and scientificresearch area and 1.5 sq km of compositeservice area. The development zone is 13.5 kmfrom the city center, with convenient trafficconditions, three state highways and a pro-

High-tech Industrial Zones Take Lead in Industrial Innovation

China’s 56 leading high-tech industrial zones have led the country’s industrial innovation, playing an important role in the nation’s social and economic development, a government statement said on Jan 1.

大都市边缘区乡村就地城镇化路径及规划响应——西安的实践与探索

大都市边缘区乡村多处于“亦城亦乡”的半城镇化阶段,无差别政策供给导致的路径偏差是制约其发展的主要因素。在中国式城乡现代化目标的指引下,提出再造乡村多维价值,重塑主体关系,实现多层级赋能提升的乡村就地城镇化路径。构建了精准划分村庄类型、引导乡村收缩发展,厘清可用资源、创新利用方式,空间设计、产业发展、社区营造三位一体,差异化政策供给、全过程建设管理的落实就地城镇化目标的乡村规划思路;并以西安高新区八村为例,通过村庄类型细分及就地城镇化驱动要素识别、村民全面发展的“为村产业”培育,“村—地—校—企”的合作型村庄建设、公共资源精准投放下的长效机制建立等内容,为大都市边缘区城乡融合发展提供规划理论支撑和实践经验。

西安高新区风险投资业经营效率偏低的原因探讨

西安高新区高新技术产业的快速发展得益于高新区风险投资业的迅猛发展。通过实地调查和运用比较分析法,本文认为西安高新区风险投资业虽然运作较为成功,但与风险投资发达的国家和地区相比,高新区风险投资业的经营效率明显偏低。文中深入探讨了西安高新区风险投资业经营效率偏低的原因,并提出了西安高新区进一步发展风险投资业的措施。

黄河流域高质量发展背景下西安高新区河道设计导则编制探索

随着黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展国家战略的深入实施,涵盖水安全保障、水资源涵养、水生态修复、水空间营造、水文化提升等多重功能的河道综合治理受到越来越多的关注。文章以《西安高新区河道治理设计导则》为例,从西安高新区的发展和实际需求出发,从规划、设计、建设、管理等河道治理全生命周期的角度着手,提出了生态之河、安全之河、都市之河的三大建设目标,同时提出了较为具体的规划设计策略及实施保障建议,以期为黄河流域其他城市及地区河道导则的编制提供可借鉴的经验。

西安高新区三期地块控制级别探讨

地块的使用受到市场调节的影响,往往会背离规划的有关规定,使控制性详细规划的指标体系成为一纸空谈。规划设计人员应视具体情况,根据各个地块不同的性质,衡量各项指标在规划中所占的地位,提出有利于实际操作的地块控制方式和程度。

陕西自贸区建设背景下西安国际港务区发展对策研究

西安国际港务区是西安建设丝绸之路经济带新起点的重要抓手,但是经过多年的建设,其平台、聚集功能尚没有有效发挥,在引领、带动西安物流业发展中的作用还有限。陕西自贸试验区的成立为西安国际港务区的发展带来了前所未有的机遇,应积极融入自贸区建设,不断加大配套设施建设,大力发展多式联运,有力吸引企业入园,以不断提升西安国际港务区的竞争力及在西安乃至陕西物流业发展中的带动作用。

西安现代农业综合开发区观光农业开发初探

分析了西安现代农业综合开发区观光农业开发的优势 ;论述了其市场前景、市场特征及产品定位 ;提出了开发的理念、方向和开发策略 ;进行了具体的功能分区分析 ;针对今后的发展提出了几点建议。

外汇管理政策支持丝绸之路经济带西安自由贸易实验园区建设的借鉴与探索

本文围绕新常态下金融改革的重点和方向,梳理了上海自贸区成立一年来出台的金融支持政策和效果,阐述了上海自贸区外汇管理政策的主要内容,结合陕西实际,提出外汇管理政策支持丝绸之路经济带西安自贸园区建设的政策建议。

城乡接合部社区基础医疗设施可达性分析——以西安市长安区为例

社区医疗以其方便、人性化的服务方式和规模较小的设置特点,在居民生活中发挥着重要作用.城乡接合部承载着城市大量的涌入人口,面临极大的医疗卫生服务压力.分析社区基础医疗设施可达性,可以促进就医资源公平共享和医疗资源的最大效率利用.以西安市长安区为例,采用两步移动搜寻法,以社区基础医疗服务中心的服务人数确定搜索半径.结合社区和社区基础医疗服务中心的空间数据,表明长安区主要人口和社区基础医疗服务中心集中于郭杜街道和韦曲街道;可达性随着到主城区的方便程度增大而减少;长安区区域边缘部分,存在社区基础医疗服务中心资源闲置等情况,在社区规划中考虑搬迁或者重建.

城市文化与服务设施布局优化方法研究——以西安高新技术产业开发区为例

20世纪80年代以来,文化与发展之间的关系日益引起世界各国的普遍关注,公共文化与服务设施可以引导消费,生活消费方式又反过来要求改进公共文化与服务设施。因此,作为"软实力"代表的文化与服务设施的建设将成为知识经济时代推动城市发展和居民生活便利的新引擎。针对上述问题,本研究以西安高新技术产业开发区一二期为例,通过基于"可获性"理论的研究方法,提炼出西安高新技术产业开发区文化与服务设施配置影响因素的产生机制,即区位条件的不同造成的社会居住空间分异,从而对西安高新区城市文化与服务设施的布局提出优化与调整的策略。

Planning mode and realization path of regional characteristic ecoindustrial park

Starting from the regional characteristic industrial park planning plan,a horizontal comparison of domestic and foreign typical urban regional industrial park planning cases is carried out,and the commonalities characteristics are analyzed to explore the regularity and universality of the Tonghua urban characteristic industrial park.Under the guiding principles for planning and development of ecological industrial parks,the city’s resource advantages,industry goals and positioning are studied and analyzed from the perspectives of the government,market,and enterprises.It is pointed out that the government should formulate policies,regulations and the construction of characteristic industrial parks in combination with new planning methods.The market should build industrial parks with the support of industrial stimulus and technological innovation.Finally,it summarizes the realization path of regional characteristic industrial parks from five aspects:positioning and goals,ways to achieve goals,profit models,customers and values,basic advantages and exclusive resources.

城市化过程中西安都市圈都市农业结构时空变化特征

城市化是推动都市农业形成及结构转变的主要驱动力,探究快速城市化过程中都市农业结构变动特征对协调城市与都市农业功能及其可持续发展具有重要意义。本文通过农业结构变化率、农业结构系数、农业产业结构转换方向系数等指标,研究了城市化过程中西安都市圈都市农业结构变动特征及其空间分异。结果表明:(1)西安都市圈城市化的快速发展,导致都市农业粮油生产比重持续下降,水果、蔬菜生产以及农业休闲服务比重上升,农业结构逐渐向特色化、现代化发展。(2)1999—2006年,是西安都市圈低城市化水平向较高城市化水平发展阶段,是推动都市农业结构快速调整与转变的重要阶段;2006年之后由于城市对农产品及休闲服务的需求结构格局已基本确定,类型的多样性需求相对减缓,主要以数量需求增加为主,因此农业结构变化则相对较小。(3)随着城市化水平的提高,农业结构系数降低,都市农业结构层次逐渐趋于高级化,都市圈核心区比边缘区农业结构层次更高。(4)西安都市圈各区县谷物种植业转换方向系数均小于1,谷物种植业向蔬菜、果业及休闲农业的转换较为突出,都市圈农业正向现代都市农业转变。