A Studyon Daisy Miller The Tragic Fate of the Heroine and its Reasons

Daisy Miller is an 1878 novella about an American girl by Henry James; This paper, based on the textual analysis of the novel is an effort to study the tragic fate of heroine and its reason through a comparative study of it. Two common reasons of the tragic destiny will be discussed in the paper: one, the oppressive environment; the other, the hero's inaction.

A Tentative Study on the Heroine in Willa Cather's The Song of the Lark——From the Perspective of Myth and Archetypal Criticism

Willa Cather is one of the most famous female writers in American literary history.The Song of the Lark is the early work of Willa Cather.The thesis intends to offer a thorough study on the heroine's image of The Song of the Lark with the myth and archetypal criticism to have an elaborate discussion on how the heroine of this work is embodied by the archetypal goddess of Muse so as to explore how Cather suggests her deep themes and expresses her permanent pursuit of art.

Anima and Animus of the Hero and Heroine in Snowdrops

According to Carl Jung,a male may possess feminine psychological qualities and a female may possess masculine psy chological qualities.From this perspective,this paper tries to use Carl Jung’s theory of anima and animus to analyze the character ization of the hero and heroine in snowdrops.

A Neural Study of the Fractional Heroin Epidemic Model

This works intends to provide numerical solutions based on the nonlinear fractional order derivatives of the classical White and Comiskey model(NFD-WCM).The fractional order derivatives have provided authentic and accurate solutions for the NDF-WCM.The solutions of the fractional NFD-WCM are provided using the stochastic computing supervised algorithm named Levenberg-Marquard Backpropagation(LMB)based on neural networks(NNs).This regression approach combines gradient descent and Gauss-Newton iterative methods,which means finding a solution through the sequences of different calculations.WCM is used to demonstrate the heroin epidemics.Heroin has been on-growth world wide,mainly in Asia,Europe,and the USA.It is the fourth foremost cause of death due to taking an overdose in the USA.The nonlinear mathematical system NFD-WCM discusses the overall circumstance of different drug users,such as suspected groups,drug users without treatment,and drug users with treatment.The numerical results of NFD-WCM via LMB-NNs have been substantiated through training,testing,and validation measures.The stability and accuracy are then checked through the statistical tool,such asmean square error(MSE),error histogram,and fitness curves.The suggested methodology’s strength is demonstrated by the high convergence between the reference solutions and the solutions generated by adding the efficacy of a constructed solver LMB-NNs,with accuracy levels ranging from 10?9 to 10?10.

文化突围:大女主热播剧中的女性形象特征辨析

大女主热播剧是当下中国的霸屏类型剧,剧中大女主的形象均有着独立于时代的主体自我意识。其最显著的特征就是对传统形成文化突围,主要表征在三个方面:一是女性在传统家庭伦理中对生存场域的文化突围;二是在审美维度上,对传统男性审美凝视的文化突围;三是在创作技巧上,以架空剧独特的时空叙事手段,通过异质时空对传统形成文化突围。这三重文化突围的深层次原因,分别源自传统文化伦理机制的内在缝隙、大数据时代区块链承载起的群体话语权力,以及数字人文时代受众对逻辑真实的认知范式。对传统的文化突围,令大女主热播剧将虚拟娱乐和现实人生中女性对主体自我的欲求相互渗透,持续建构出深受女性受众所喜爱的艺术想象的精神乌托邦。

穴位埋线对海洛因依赖者稽延性戒断症状的临床研究

目的:观察穴位埋线对海洛因依赖者稽延性戒断症状的临床疗效。方法:选取宁夏回族自治区某强制隔离戒毒所的稽延期海洛因依赖者30名,随机分成对照组(CG)和穴位埋线组(TG),每组各15例。对照组予通过强制隔离戒毒所日常基本管教项目进行干预,在此基础上穴位埋线组每2周进行穴位埋线治疗1次。采用高通量16SrDNA测序技术检测两组之间的差异肠道微生物群落结构,采用海洛因稽延性戒断症状评定量表评价对照组与穴位埋线组干预前后躯体症状、情绪症状、渴求症状和睡眠障碍的变化。结果:治疗2个月后,穴位埋线组海洛因稽延性戒断症状评分低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。与治疗前比较,两组治疗后chao、sobs指数降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗后穴位埋线组OTU数目和simpson指数高于治疗前穴位埋线组和治疗后对照组。治疗后与对照组比较,穴位埋线组放线菌门,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)和变形菌门(P<0.01)相对丰度增加。与治疗前比较,治疗后穴位埋线组瘤胃球菌相对丰度增加,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);与治疗后对照组比较,穴位埋线组双歧杆菌属相对丰度增加。LEfSe分析可见,治疗后穴位埋线组相对丰度较大的菌群是Bacilli、乳杆菌科和乳杆菌属。结论:以养心安神、调和气血、补肾助阳及健脾和胃为治则的穴位埋线疗法通过穴位刺激可增加肠道有益菌、改善肠道功能,从而缓解神经系统异常出现的症状,最终得到减轻海洛因戒断症状的效果。

HTR1A、HTR1B基因多态性与海洛因依赖的关联性研究

目的 探讨5-羟色胺1A及1B受体(HTR1A、HTR1B)基因共9个单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)与海洛因依赖的关联性。方法 严格按照诊断标准,选取无亲缘关系的海洛因依赖患者392例和401例健康对照为研究对象,提取外周血DNA,采用SNaPshot SNP基因分型技术对HTR1A和HTR1B基因共9个SNPs(rs878567、rs6449693、rs6294、rs1228814、rs1778258、rs4140535、rs6296、rs6297、rs6298)进行基因分型,采用SNPStats在线统计软件和广义多因子降维法(GMDR)分别进行海洛因依赖组与对照组各位点等位基因型和基因型频率分析及基因间交互分析。结果 rs878567 A等位基因(P=0.045,OR=0.77,95%CI:0.59~0.99)、rs6449693 G等位基因(P=0.040,OR=0.77,95%CI:0.59~0.99)、rs6296 C等位基因(P=0.022,OR=0.79,95%CI:0.65~0.97)及rs6298G等位基因(P=0.012,OR=0.78,95%CI:0.64~0.95)均是海洛因依赖的保护性因素;而携带rs6294 T等位基因的个体发生海洛因依赖的风险增高(P=0.028,OR=1.55,95%CI:1.04~2.29)。HTR1B基因TCGGCA单倍型(rs6297-rs6296-rs6298-rs1228814-rs1778258-rs4140535)在两组间差异具有统计学意义(P=0.014,OR=0.598,95%CI:0.395~0.905),是海洛因依赖的保护性因素。此外,rs878567-rs4140535-rs6296三阶交互模型是海洛因依赖的危险因素(P=0.006,OR=3.087,95%CI:0.952~10.016)。结论 HTR1A和HTR1B基因共5个单核苷酸多态性位点与人群海洛因依赖的易感性存在一定关联性,且二者可能通过交互作用影响大脑奖赏效应的调节,进而参与海洛因依赖的形成。

民族歌剧《白毛女》经典化的启示

民族歌剧《白毛女》历经多次蜕变,终于铸就为永恒经典。从其最初酝酿到秦腔《白毛女》试排失败的困境,再到最终成为民族歌剧的杰出代表,这一历程如凤凰涅槃,重获新生。自诞生之日起,《白毛女》便不断地自我完善,经历了延安版-张家口版-东北版-北京版,每一次演变都使其艺术价值得到新的提升。数代演员,特别是主演喜儿的扮演者,传承赓续,开宗立派,使其成为中国民族歌剧的开山扛鼎的经典。该剧立足于中国传统音乐文化,运用民族音乐素材,在中国传统歌唱艺术的基础上,借鉴、吸收世界各国优秀歌唱艺术,经过长期反复锤炼,最终打造成为真正属于中国的民族歌剧经典。

Microinjection of M_5 muscarinic receptor antisense oligonucleotide into VTA inhibits FosB expression in the NAc and the hippocampus of heroin sensitized rats

Objective To investigate the effect of M5 muscarinic receptor subtype on the locomotor sensitization induced by heroin priming, and it＇s effect on the FosB expression in the nucleus accumbens （NAc） and the hippocampus in the heroin sensitized rats. Methods Locomotor activity was measured every 10 min for 1 h after subcutaneous injection of heroin. FosB expression was assayed by immunohistochemistry, and the antisense oligonucleotides （AS-ONs） targeting M5 muscarinic receptor was transferred with the lipofectin. Results Microinjection of AS-ONs targeting M5 muscarinic receptor in the ventral tegmental area （VTA） blocked the expression of behavioral sensitization induced by heroin priming in rats. Meanwhile, the expression of FosB-positive neurons in either the NAc or the dentate gyrus （DG） of the hippocam- pus increased in heroin-induced locomotor sensitized rats. The enhancement of FosB-positive neurons in the NAc or DG could be inhibited by microinjection of M5 muscarinic receptor AS-ONs into the VTA before the heroin-induced locomotor sensitization was performed. In contrast, microinjection of M5 muscarinic receptor sense oligonucleotide （S-ONs） into the VTA did not block the expression of behavioral sensitization or the expression of FosB in the NAc or DG in the heroin sensitized rats. Conclusion Blocking M5 muscarinic receptor in the VTA inhibits the expression of heroin-induced locomotor sensitization, which is associated with the regulation of FosB expression in the NAc and hippocampus neurons. M5 muscarinic receptor may be a useful pharmacological target for the treatment of heroin addiction.

五行音乐结合耳穴贴压干预海洛因稽延性戒断症状的效果观察

目的 观察五行音乐结合耳穴贴压干预海洛因稽延性戒断症状的效果。方法 60例男性海洛因戒毒者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各30例。对照组接受一般康复治疗和护理,观察组在对照组基础上给予五行音乐结合耳穴贴压。比较两组患者干预前后的海洛因稽延性戒断症状评分(躯体症状、情绪症状、渴求症状、睡眠障碍评分及总分)以及血清多巴胺(DA)水平。结果 干预后,两组海洛因依赖稽延性戒断症状评分中躯体症状、情绪症状、渴求症状、睡眠障碍评分和总分均较干预前显著下降,且观察组的躯体症状、情绪症状、渴求症状、睡眠障碍评分和总分分别为(3.36±0.67)、(2.67±0.55)、(3.40±0.97)、(2.30±0.60)、(11.73±1.39)分,显著低于对照组的(6.03±1.50)、(4.37±1.38)、(5.93±1.86)、(3.57±1.07)、(19.90±3.05)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。干预后,两组的血清DA水平均较干预前显著下降,且观察组血清DA(55.78±4.61)pmol/L显著低于对照组的(69.45±8.43)pmol/L,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 应用五行音乐结合耳穴贴压能显著改善海洛因稽延性戒断症状,值得推广应用。

美沙酮维持治疗对海洛因依赖者大脑度中心性影响的静息态fMRI研究

目的探索美沙酮维持治疗(methadone maintenance treatment,MMT)对海洛因依赖(heroin dependence,HD)患者大脑拓扑特性度中心性(degree centrality,DC)的影响及其与心理行为学的相关性。材料与方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2017年12月于西安市灞桥区美沙酮门诊招募的41名正在接受MMT的HD患者,采集静息态功能磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance imaging,fMRI)数据,评估稽延性戒断症状与渴求评分,纵向随访一年。对影像数据进行DC分析,并采用配对样本t检验进行纵向比较,差异脑区与心理学指标进行相关分析。结果HD患者入组时与MMT一年后稽延性戒断症状评分差异存在统计学意义(Z=3.004,P=0.003),渴求评分差异无统计学意义(Z=0.872,P=0.383)。与基线相比,HD患者经过MMT一年后,双侧丘脑、尾状核、壳核与左侧苍白球的DC降低;右侧舌回与距状回的DC值升高(Gaussian random field校正,单体素水平P<0.001,团块体素水平P<0.01,团块体素>95)。双侧尾状核及左侧苍白球DC值与戒断症状呈负相关性(r=-0.417,P=0.030;r=-0.392,P=0.043;r=-0.383,P=0.049),双侧壳核及左侧苍白球DC值的变化量与渴求的变化量呈正相关性(r=0.410,P=0.008;r=0.332,P=0.034;r=0.395,P=0.011)。结论美沙酮可能通过降低HD患者纹状体在成瘾奖赏脑网络中的中心性,从而调节HD患者戒毒后的稽延性戒断症状与心理渴求;同时可能抑制了冲动性,增强了视觉核心脑区的活动。该研究结果可以为美沙酮对HD患者治疗的神经机制提供影像学依据。

时间感知对海洛因成瘾者跨期决策的影响

本研究旨在探讨海洛因成瘾者的时间感知对其跨期决策的影响。研究采用时间估计任务以及跨期决策任务分别对海洛因成瘾组和对照组被试进行施测。结果发现:海洛因成瘾组出现对长时距的低估,且时间估计误差明显大于对照组;海洛因成瘾组的延迟折扣率显著高于对照组;时间感知可以显著预测海洛因成瘾者的跨期决策,而对照组无此效应。本研究从时间感知这一角度入手,在一定程度上解释了海洛因成瘾者跨期决策中的“短视”行为。

Isotretinoin and ulcerative colitis: A case report and review of the literature

This case report describes a case of ulcerative colitisthe onset of which occurred after the use of isotreti-noin for acne treatment. Our patient, a healthy maleyoung adult, after several months of isotretinoin use,developed gastrointestinal disorders and after thoroughmedical workup was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis.The literature regarding a possible correlation betweenisotretinoin use and ulcerative colitis is scarce. Never-theless, recent epidemiological studies have shed morelight on this possible association.

Intercellular Adhension Molecule-1 in the Pathogenesis of Heroin-induced Acute Lung Injury in Rats

The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in the pathogenesis of heroin-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in rats was investigated. The model of ALI was established by intravenous injection of heroin into tail vein in rats. Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into heroin-treated groups (1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h and 24 h) and normal control group. Changes in histopathologic morphology and biological markers of ALI were measured. The expression of ICAM-1 in lung tissue was detected by using immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. The results showed that the W/D ratio and protein contents in BALF of the heroin-treated groups were significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01). The histopathological changes in the lung tissue were more obvious in heroin-treated groups. The ICAM-1 protein and mRNA expression in the lung tissue of heroin-treated groups were significantly increased as compared with that of the control group (P<0.01), and correlated with the ALI parameters in a time-dependent manner. Increasing of ICAM-1 expression was involved in the formation of heroin-induced lung injury. Furthermore, the level of expression was positively correlated with the severity of lung injury.

Development and Evaluation of the Heroin Abstainers’ Cue-Sensitization Questionnaire

In order to develop the heroin abstainers＇ cue-sensitization questionnaire （HACSQ）, and evaluate its reliability and validity, during March and April in 2006, the cross-sectional sample survey and cluster sampling were adopted among 939 volunteer participants who were heroin abstainers from 5 compulsive detoxification centers in China. The data were collected by the self-report questionnaires. The reliability analysis included Cronbach＇s a coefficient, split reliability and test-retest reliability, while construction validity was analyzed in the light of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Based upon the exploratory factor analysis, 4 factors were extracted, which were social emotion cue （SEC）, direct implement cue （DIC）, personnel cue （PC） and indirect implement cue （IIC） and they together explained 64.52% variance. According to the data, test-retest reliability coefficient ranged from 0.57 to 0.63, and Cronbach＇s α coefficient ranged from 0.86 to 0.95 across the 4 factors and HACSQ. The adjusted goodness of fit index was 0.75. It was suggested that the HACSQ demonstrated good validities and reliabilities, and may be used as a reliable assessment tool for the cue-sensitization among the heroin abstainers.

Simultaneous Determination of Heroin,Amphetamine and their Basic Impurities and Adulterants Using Microemulsion Electrokinetic Chromatography

Simultaneous separation of 17 species of heroin, amphetamine and their basic impurities and adulterants was conducted within 10 minutes by using capillary microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography. The influences of pH and 1-butanol cosurfactant on the separation were investigated, and 1-butanol was found to be a principal factor to improve separation efficiency.

Changes in the default mode network in the prefrontal lobe, posterior cingulated cortex and hippocampus of heroin users

The default mode network is associated with senior cognitive functions in humans. In this study, we performed independent component analysis of blood oxygenation signals from 14 heroin users and 13 matched normal controls in the resting state through functional MRI scans. Results showed that the default mode network was significantly activated in the prefrontal lobe, posterior cingulated cortex and hippocampus of heroin users, and an enhanced activation signal was observed in the right inferior parietal Iobule （P 〈 0.05, corrected for false discovery rate）. Experimental findings indicate that the default mode network is altered in heroin users.

Jane Austin and Her Heroines

Jane Austin(1775-1817),one of the greatest realistic novelists in English literature,wrote several classical,worldwide popular novels.This essay tries to reveal the heroines' epitome in her works through analyzing Jane Austin' s personal experiences and her love life.

POLYNOMIAL REGRESSION IN THE RESEARCHOF HEROIN′S TOXICITY

The toxicity of heroin (the drug) which affects the health of mice was studied by using the regression analysis method based on the results of experiment.We found that after the heroin was injected into the mice,the blood leucocyte number and body weight were decreased significantly,the bleeding time was prolonged,the activity of glutamic pyruvic tronsaminase(GPT) in mice hepatic tissue and the weight of heart raised with increasing of herion dose.