Mechanical responses of underground carriageway structures due to construction of metro tunnels beneath the existing structure:A case study

To understand the mechanical response pattern of the existing structure and ground due to the construction of metro tunnels underneath,the finite difference method is adopted to study the torsional deformation and stress variation of the existing structure and the effect of underground carriageway structures on the surface subsidence.The curves of the maximum differential subsidence,torsion angle,and distortion of the cross-section of the existing structure show two peaks in succession during traversing of two metro tunnels beneath it.The torsion angle of the existing structure changes when the two tunnels traverse beneath it in opposite directions.The first traversing of the shield tunnel mainly induces the magnitude variation in torsional deformation of the existing structure,but the second traversing of the subsurface tunnel may cause a dynamic change in the magnitude and form of torsional deformation in the existing structure.The shielding effect can reduce the surface subsidence caused by metro tunnel excavation to a certain extent,and the development trend of subsidence becomes slower as the excavation continues.

选择性凝血因子XI抑制剂在血栓性疾病治疗中的临床研究进展

血栓性疾病是当今社会的一个重要医疗问题,动脉内血栓形成是引起心肌梗死、缺血性脑卒中、急性肢体缺血的最常见原因,静脉内血栓则可能导致肢体缺血坏死及肺栓塞等严重后果,这些疾病每年共导致全球1000多万人死亡,占所有疾病死亡的50%以上,在过去的20年内,这一比例更是增加了25%~35%[1]。目前,抗凝剂是预防和治疗血栓形成的主要手段之一。

Spatiotemporal Evolution Characteristics of Urban Land Surface Temperature Based on Local Climate Zones in Xi’an Metropolitan,China

Local climate zones(LCZs)are an effective nexus linking internal urban structures to the local climate and have been widely used to study urban thermal environment.However,few studies considered how much the temperature changed due to LCZs transformation and their synergy.This paper quantified the change of urban land surface temperature(LST)in LCZs transformation process by combining the land use transfer matrix with zonal statistics method during 2000–2019 in the Xi’an metropolitan.The results show that,firstly,both LCZs and LST had significant spatiotemporal variations and synchrony.The period when the most LCZs were converted was also the LST rose the fastest,and the spatial growth of the LST coincided with the spatial expansion of the built type LCZs.Secondly,the LST difference between land cover type LCZs and built type LCZs gradually widened.And LST rose more in both built type LCZs transferred in and out.Finally,the Xi’an-Xianyang profile showed that the maximum temperature difference between the peaks and valleys of the LST increased by 4.39℃,indicating that localized high temperature phenomena and fluctuations in the urban thermal environment became more pronounced from 2000 to 2019.

Last train timetable optimization for metro network to maximize the passenger accessibility over the end-of-service period

Purpose-This study aims to improve the passenger accessibility of passenger demands in the end-ofoperation period.Design/methodology/approach-A mixed integer nonlinear programming model for last train timetable optimization of the metro was proposed considering the constraints such as the maximum headway,the minimum headway and the latest end-of-operation time.The objective of the model is to maximize the number of reachable passengers in the end-of-operation period.A solution method based on a preset train service is proposed,which significantly reduces the variables of deciding train services in the original model and reformulates it into a mixed integer linear programming model.Findings-The results of the case study of Wuhan Metro show that the solution method can obtain highquality solutions in a shorter time;and the shorter the time interval of passenger flow data,the more obvious the advantage of solution speed;after optimization,the number of passengers reaching the destination among the passengers who need to take the last train during the end-of-operation period can be increased by 10%.Originality/value-Existing research results only consider the passengers who take the last train.Compared with previous research,considering the overall passenger demand during the end-of-operation period can make more passengers arrive at their destination.Appropriately delaying the end-of-operation time can increase the proportion of passengers who can reach the destination in the metro network,but due to the decrease in passenger demand,postponing the end-of-operation time has a bottleneck in increasing the proportion of passengers who can reach the destination.

Regenerative Braking Energy Recovery System ofMetro Train Based on Dual-Mode PowerManagement

In order to fully utilize the regenerative braking energy of metro trains and stabilize the metro DC traction busbar voltage,a hybrid regenerative braking energy recovery system with a dual-mode power management strategy is proposed.Firstly,the construction of the hybrid regenerative braking energy recovery system is explained.Then,based on the power demand of low-voltage load in metro stations,a dual-mode power management strategy is proposed to allocate the reference power of each system according to the different working conditions,and the control methods of each system are set.Finally,the correctness and effectiveness of the dual-mode strategy are verified through simulation,and the proposed braking energy utilization scheme is compared with other singleform utilization schemes.The results illustrate that the hybrid system with the dual-mode strategy can effectively recycle the regenerative braking energy of metro train and inhibit the busbar voltage fluctuation;the proposed braking energy utilization scheme has certain advantages on energy recovery and DC bus voltage stabilization compared with other single-form schemes;the proposed power management strategy can correctly allocate the reference power of each system with a lower construction cost.

English Translation of Chinese Natural Ecological Discourse:A Corpus-based Case Study on Xi Jinping:The Governance of China

Amid the increasingly severe global natural eco-environment,it is necessary to build a natural ecological civilization by constructing an ecological civilization discourse.Against this background,this study compiles a corpus of natural ecological discourse in the English translation of Xi Jinping:The Governance of China(short for Xi).By using Wordsmith and AntConc,this study explores the linguistic features of the ecological discourse in English translation of Xi in the following dimensions,including high-frequency words,keywords,word collocations,concordance lines.This study aims to analyze the concepts and attitudes towards natural ecology,so as to provide certain valuable insights for the construction of China’s discourse on natural ecological civilization.The study found that the natural ecology discourse involving in the English translation of Xi turned out to be ecologically beneficial.

达芬奇机器人(Xi)辅助下直肠前切除术(NOSES-Ⅳ式)

达芬奇机器人(Xi)系统联合经自然腔道取标本(NOSES)在直肠癌手术中的应用日益成熟和普遍.二者的结合充分发挥了各自的优势,将层面的游离,淋巴的清扫,血管的解剖,神经的保护和无菌、微创理念贯穿始终.因此,机器人下的手术操作,规范的手术流程,经自然腔道取标本的微创模式,为程序化的直肠癌根治手术带来了新的进步.

杜梨LRR-XI-a亚家族的鉴定及调控腐烂病抗性的成员筛选

为探究LRR-XI-a基因家族在杜梨免疫系统中的作用机制,基于GDR数据库的杜梨基因组数据鉴定了杜梨LRR-XI-a家族成员,经进化特征、基因重复事件和表达模式分析筛选了响应腐烂病信号的成员,并结合果实瞬时表达和抗性基因表达分析对部分成员的功能进行了初步分析。结果表明,杜梨LRR-XI-a基因家族包含91个成员,进化上可分为6个亚组。基因重复分析结果表明,杜梨中GroupⅠ成员数的迅速增加可能由串联复制(TD)和全基因组复制(WGD)共同导致,而GroupⅥ成员的增加仅由WGD所致。顺式作用元件分析结果表明,杜梨LRR-XI-a亚组Ⅱ和Ⅵ可能主要参与杜梨对非生物逆境信号的响应,而其余4个亚组同时参与对生物和非生物逆境信号的响应。表达分析结果表明,LRR-XI-4和LRR-XI-5在腐烂病侵染后呈不同程度的上调表达,其中LRR-XI-5上调表达量可达对照的586倍以上。果实瞬时表达分析结果表明,过表达LRR-XI-4和LRR-XI-5降低了梨果实对腐烂病的抗性,抑制了JA信号通路基因的表达,但激活了超敏反应响应基因的表达。综上,基因重复导致杜梨LRR-XI-a家族成员发生迅速增加;LRR-XI-a家族成员响应不同的生物胁迫和非生物胁迫;LRR-XI-4和LRR-XI-5通过激活超敏反应(HR)相关基因的表达负调控腐烂病抗性,可作为后期腐烂病抗性研究的候选基因。本研究结果为后续开展梨抗病机理研究和分子育种奠定了基础。

基于PLAXIS3D的地铁近接基坑开挖稳定性分析

文中针对城市地铁运营保护区内基坑开挖施工现状,结合类似工程经验对比法,充分考虑土体与结构的共同作用,以及分步开挖的施工过程,运用有限元软件(PLAXIS 3D)进行三维数值模拟分析,分别从加载效应、卸载效应、横向效应、纵向效应及空间效应等方面,分析了地铁保护区内基坑开挖对既有地铁隧道稳定性的影响,并提出相应对策。该方法对评估地下结构近接基坑开挖的安全稳定、指导现场施工具有很强的现实意义。

达芬奇Xi系统机器人辅助后腹腔镜肾上腺切除术治疗肾上腺肿瘤的疗效观察

目的 探讨达芬奇Xi系统机器人辅助后腹腔镜肾上腺切除术治疗肾上腺肿瘤的临床效果。方法 选取2019年1月至2022年1月河北省唐山市人民医院收治并经病理确诊的肾上腺肿瘤患者97例进行回顾性研究,根据治疗方法分为机器人手术组46例(采用达芬奇Xi系统机器人辅助后腹腔镜肾上腺切除术治疗)和传统腹腔镜手术组51例(采用传统后腹腔镜肾上腺切除术治疗)。比较两组手术相关指标,统计两组并发症情况、随访情况。结果 两组术中出血量、手术时间比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05);与传统腹腔镜手术组相比,机器人手术组肿瘤直径较大,中转开腹率、术后出血率降低,术后止痛剂使用次数更少,术后引流时间、术后住院时间、下床活动时间及术后胃肠功能恢复时间明显缩短,住院费用有所增加,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。与传统腹腔镜手术组相比较,机器人手术组术中并发症发生率明显降低,差异有显著性(P<0.05),而两组术后并发症发生率、术后血压改善情况、肿瘤复发率、是否需长期口服激素差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论 达芬奇Xi系统机器人辅助后腹腔镜肾上腺切除术治疗肾上腺肿瘤,手术创伤小,术中并发症发生率低,患者恢复快,且不增加手术时间。

达芬奇Xi机器人在单侧腋窝入路免充气甲状腺手术中的临床应用分析

背景和目的:2007年,Kang等第1次将机器人手术应用于甲状腺,之后机器人甲状腺手术在全球范围内开展。因安全性、肿瘤治疗的根治性和美容性不断得到验证,腋窝入路比例在国内正在快速增长。本研究通过对比分析使用达芬奇Xi机器人完成的95例单侧腋窝入路免充气甲状腺手术与91例传统手术治疗cN0期甲状腺微小乳头状癌(papillary thyroid microcarcinoma,PTMC)的临床疗效,探讨达芬奇Xi机器人单侧腋窝入路手术治疗PTMC的优势及临床应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2020年3月—2021年11月复旦大学附属肿瘤医院头颈外科收治的186例cN0期单侧单灶PTMC患者的临床数据,根据手术方式分为机器人组(95例)和开放组(91例),分析比较两组患者的一般临床资料、手术结果、术后并发症、切口满意度、学习曲线及手术费用等情况。结果:两组患者在性别、年龄、是否合并桥本甲状腺炎、肿瘤直径及病灶位置方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。机器人组手术时间[(126.65±34.76)min]长于开放组[(60.99±21.12)min],在经历36例手术后手术时间可达稳定水平。手术费用[(47940.66±4404.30)元]高于开放组[(15807.73±2295.35)元]。在术中出血量[机器人组:(20.48±18.83)mL;开放组:(16.15±13.95)mL]、清扫淋巴结个数[机器人组:(2.61±2.77)枚;开放组:(2.97±2.20)枚]和检出阳性淋巴结个数[机器人组:(1.01±1.61)枚;开放组:(0.78±1.36)枚]方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。机器人组术后暂时性声嘶(1.10%)低于开放组(2.20%),但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。机器人组术后切口满意度(非常满意87.4%,比较满意11.6%)高于开放组(非常满意71.4%,比较满意26.4%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:达芬奇Xi机器人单侧腋窝入路免充气甲状腺手术不仅具有良好的美容效果,较高的患者满意度,而且学习曲线短,术中出血量、淋巴结检测情况及术后并发症发生情况与传统手术相当。

Analysis of the Development of the Commercial Space Around Metro Stations in Urban Core Areas Based on Place Making: A Case Study of Chunxi Road Metro Station in Chengdu

The metro is the most efficient and convenient public transport system in modern cities. For urban core areas in China, in which the metro was built later, there was more consideration for meeting the traffic needs of cities. However, there are few studies of collaborative planning for metro stations and their surrounding space. Thus, there is an urgent need to conduct research on collaborative planning for metro stations and their surrounding commercial space in urban core areas. Unlike conventional methods of integrated design of stations and cities, this paper, based on the theory of place spirit, took Chunxi Road Metro Station in Chengdu and its surrounding commercial space for example. It explored the pattern and characteristics of the place in the commercial space around the metro station, analyzed the strategies of cultural and commercial integration, as well as architecture, street, landscape and other aspects of the design method in the space, and explored the strategies of place-making and infiltration, providing a reference point for the development and place-making of the commercial space around metro stations in urban core areas.

From Hai Yao, Yang Yao to Xi Yao: Sinification of Material Medical from the West

In ancient China, Daoist philosophers developed the concepts of qi(energy), Wu Xing(five elements), and yin(feminine, dark, negative) and yang(masculine, bright, positive) opposite forces between 200 and 600 BCE. Based on these philosophies, Zhen Jiu(acupuncture), Ben Cao(materia medica), and the practice of Qi Gong(energy optimization movements) evolved as the three interrelated therapeutic regimens of Chinese medicine(Note 1). Since the time of Zhang Qian, who discovered China's western regions in the 1st century BCE, Hai Yao(the exotic elements of materia medica from the maritime Silk Road countries), had been transmitted from the ancient land and maritime routes of the Silk Road to China in the past two millennia(Note 2). Since the late 17th century, the English East India Company, later called the British East India Company, introduced Yang Yao(opium) to the Manchu Qing Empire to balance a growing trade deficit for tea export from China to the British Empire. After the First Opium War ended in 1842, enterprising expatriate chemists and druggists in the treaty ports imported Xi Yao(modern medicines from the Western world) for sale to the merchant navy and the local market. From the second half of the 19th century onwards, both Hai Yao and Xi Yao have become a fully integrated part of modern China's armamentarium for the Chinese medicine and Western hospitals and retail pharmacy sectors. This paper articulates the journey of adoption of exotic elements of materia medica from the ancient land and sea routes of the Silk Road, including the western regions and the rest of the world in the past two millennia. Opium traders, ship surgeons, medical and pharmaceutical missionaries, enterprising traders, and policymakers together transformed Ben Cao into Xi Yao during the late Manchu Qing dynasty and the early Nationalist Era.

How to Develop into An International Metropolis in the Context of the Silk Road Economic Belt —— A Case Study of Xi'an

For Xi'an,the central city of the Silk Road Economic Belt,it is both the theoretical and practical problem to develop into an international metropolis,so how to develop into an international metropolis becomes the research focus. This paper firstly introduces the necessity,the current situation and the evaluation index system of the construction of the city Xi'an in the context of the Silk Road Economic Belt; then it analyzes the econom ic developm ent of the three old districts,the three new districts,the three suburban districts and the four counties; and finally it puts forward the development path for Xi'an in the context of the Silk Road Economic Belt — the development pattern of "five districts,one international harbor area and two bases""nine-grid-pattern "economic development and the function-oriented coordinated development of the regional economy.

A Convolutional Autoencoder Based Fault Detection Method for Metro Railway Turnout

Railway turnout is one of the critical equipment of Switch&Crossing(S&C)Systems in railway,related to the train’s safety and operation efficiency.With the advancement of intelligent sensors,data-driven fault detection technology for railway turnout has become an important research topic.However,little research in the literature has investigated the capability of data-driven fault detection technology for metro railway turnout.This paper presents a convolutional autoencoder-based fault detection method for the metro railway turnout considering human field inspection scenarios.First,the one-dimensional original time-series signal is converted into a twodimensional image by data pre-processing and 2D representation.Next,a binary classification model based on the convolutional autoencoder is developed to implement fault detection.The profile and structure information can be captured by processing data as images.The performance of our method is evaluated and tested on real-world operational current data in themetro stations.Experimental results show that the proposedmethod achieves better performance,especially in terms of error rate and specificity,and is robust in practical engineering applications.

Types, Distribution Characteristics, and Development Strategies of Rural Characteristic Industry in Xi’an Metropolitan Area

China’s urbanization development has entered the“second half”,which is at a critical stage of transition from the middle stages to the mature stage.The metropolitan area formed by the mega-city radiating the development of surrounding cities and counties is an important spatial carrier of urbanization.The rural characteristic industry is the main path to promote regional economic development and urban-rural integration in the metropolitan area.Exploring the development characteristics of rural characteristic industries in the metropolitan area has important theoretical and practical significance for promoting the effective connection between urban-rural integration and rural revitalization of the metropolitan area and improving the development quality of the metropolitan area.Take the Xi’an metropolitan area as an example and adopt kernel density analysis and other methods to reveal the spatial differentiation rules of rural characteristic industries.On this basis,the three-dimensional development strategy of“industry-spatial-institutional”for the development of the rural characteristic industry is proposed,to provide theoretical reference for the development of rural characteristic industry in metropolitan areas.

Research on the cooperative train control method in the metro system for energy saving

Purpose–To address the problem that the current train operation mode that train selects one of several offline pre-generated control schemes before the departure and operates following the scheme after the departure,energy-saving performance of the whole metro system cannot be guaranteed.Design/methodology/approach–A cooperative train control framework is formulated to regulate a novel train operation mode.The classic train four-phase control strategy is improved for generating specific energy-efficient control schemes for each train.An improved brute force(BF)algorithm with a two-layer searching idea is designed to solve the optimisation model of energy-efficient train control schemes.Findings–Case studies on the actual metro line in Guangzhou,China verify the effectiveness of the proposed train control methods compared with four-phase control strategy under different kinds of train operation scenarios and calculation parameters.The verification on the computation efficiency as well as accuracy of the proposed algorithm indicates that it meets the requirement of online optimisation.Originality/value–Most existing studies optimised energy-efficient train timetable or train control strategies through an offline process,which has a defect in coping with the disturbance or delays effectively and promptly during real-time train operation.This paper studies an online optimisation of cooperative train control based on the rolling optimisation idea,where energy-efficient train operation can be realised once train running time is determined,thus mitigating the impact of unpredictable operation situations on the energy-saving performance of trains.

Winding Function Theory Based Thrust Calculation on Nested-loop Secondary Linear Machine Adapted to Linear Metro

With advantages of strong drive capability,nested-loop secondary linear machine(NLS-LM)has great potentiality in linear metro.For its secondary structure with multiple loops,it is difficult to calculate the electromagnetic thrust of NLS-LM reasonably.Hence,in this paper,one thrust calculation method is proposed considering variable loop inductance and transient loop current.Firstly,to establish the secondary winding function,the modeling domain is confined to a limited range,and the equivalent loop span is employed by analyzing the coupling relationship between primary and secondary.Then,in order to obtain the secondary flux density,the transient secondary current is solved based on the loop impedance and induced voltage.Finally,the electromagnetic thrust can be calculated reasonably by the given primary current sheet and the calculated secondary flux density.Comprehensive simulations and experiments have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Translation of Metro Station Names in Guangzhou and Foshan from the Perspective of Symbolic Function of Translation Landscape

Guangzhou and Foshan enjoy relatively mature metro network.However,some names of metro stations are over-transliterated in Pinyin.Such a translation method is used in translating general names,nouns of locality and some names of tourist destinations.With translation landscape and linguistic landscape theories,the reasons and impacts of over-transliteration in Guangzhou and Foshan metro will be discussed from the perspective of symbolic function.English names of Metro stations in other cities serve as a reference so as to appropriate solutions.

欧盟质量型选择性分销协议适用Metro标准合理规则的困境——以限制网络销售为例

纵向限制是近年来欧洲竞争法中争议较大的领域,本文探究纵向限制中质量型选择性分销协议的合法性认定标准。在欧盟的纵向限制规制框架下,首先考虑质量型选择性分销协议是否属于《欧盟运行条约》第101条第1款的范围,因此需判断协议的目的或效果是否影响竞争。若协议为该款所规制的对象,那么就要以Metro标准评估选择性分销造成的品牌内竞争减弱是否能被品牌间质量竞争产生的积极效果所抵消。可是Metro标准固然为质量型选择性分销协议提供了合法性认定标准,但是在实际判定过程中存在模糊性,尤其是对合理规则进行具体解释的时候,许多现实问题有待解决。