Surface Regional Heat(Cool) Island Effect and Its Diurnal Differences in Arid and Semiarid Resource-based Urban Agglomerations

With the rapid development of urban agglomerations in northwest arid and semiarid regions of China, the scope of the urban heat island(UHI) effect has gradually expanded and gradually connected, and has formed a regional heat island(RHI) with a larger range of impact to the regional environment. However, there are few studies on the heat island effect of urban agglomerations in arid and semiarid regions, so this paper selects the urban agglomeration of Hohhot, Baotou and Ordos(HBO) of Inner Mongolia, China as the study area. Based on the 8-day composite Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) surface temperature data(156scenes in all) and land use maps for 2005, 2010, and 2015, we analyze the spatiotemporal distributions of regional heat(cool) islands(RH(C)I) and the responses of surface temperatures to land-use changes in the diurnal and interannual surface cities. The results showed that: 1) from 2005 to 2015, urban areas showed the cold island effect during the day, with the area of the cold island showing a shrinking feature;at night, they showed the heat island effect, with the area of the heat island showing a first decrease and then an increase.2) From 2005 to 2015, the land development(unutilized land to building land) brings the greatest temperature increase(ΔT = 1.36°C)during the day, while the greatest temperature change at night corresponds to the conversion of cultivated land to building land(ΔT =0.78°C) exhibited the largest changes at night. From 2010 to 2015, the land development(grassland to building land) bring the greatest temperature increase(ΔT = 0.85°C) during the day, while the great temperature change at night corresponds to the conversion of water areas to building land(ΔT = 1.38°C) exhibited the largest changes at night. Exploring the spatial and temporal evolution of surface urban heat(cool) islands in urban agglomerations in arid and semiarid regions will help to understand the urbanization characteristics of urban agglomerations and provide a reference for the formulation of policies for the coordinated and healthy development of the region and co-governance of regional environmental problems.

Tourism Spatial Structure in Urban Agglomeration of the Greater Bay Area and Its Optimization

With the rapid development of economy,China’s urbanization process is accelerated.As major urban cluster center,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is regarded as one of the most representative areas with the highest openness and the strongest economic vitality.Under the background of new era,main purpose of making development strategy of the Greater Bay Area is to build a world-class city cluster with great vitality,and establish a world-class science and technology innovation center with great influence.It also lays a good foundation for strengthening the construction of the belt and road initiative in China,and improves quality of life in the cooperation zone between the mainland and Hong Kong and Macao.Under the background,the tourism industry has new challenges,and the tourism spatial structure should be more closely linked.In this paper,tourism spatial structure of 9+2 urban agglomeration in the Greater Bay Area is taken as core research objective,and tourism resource of the urban agglomeration,and development of tourism economy and perfect transportation network in each city are analyzed.According to research results,the targeted suggestions and optimization methods are obtained.

Study on Rural Ecotourism Development in Yingshan Area of Chengyu Urban Agglomeration

Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration covers a large number of rural areas.These areas have unique topographic conditions,diverse landscape types,and beautiful natural environment,but the economic conditions are underdeveloped;the ecological environment is fragile and the tourism carrying capacity is low.At the same time,they are facing the problems of lack of tourism facilities and low management level of scenic spots.Taking Yingshan area as an example,this paper evaluates the rural tourism development conditions from the aspects of location conditions,complementarity of tourism resources,highlights of tourism resources,tourist source conditions,and ecological environment,and makes a detailed plan for the functional zoning and tourism products of rural tourism development.The research shows that in order to realize the sustainable development of rural tourism resources,Chengdu Chongqing urban agglomeration should take the global tourism concept as the scientific guidance,ecological protection as the premise,agricultural resources as the basis,and culture as the soul,carry out rational,orderly,and scientific rural ecotourism development,and create high-quality rural ecotourism products.

Measurement of Urban Economic Gravity of China’s Three Major Agglomerations and Its Implications for the Coordinated Development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

This paper adopts the perspective of urban economic linkage and the modified urban economic gravity model to conduct a comparative analysis of the economic gravity among cities in China’s three major urban agglomerations,including the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,the Yangtze River Delta,and the Pearl River Delta.The results show that,despite the ever-tightening economic linkages among cities in the urban agglomerations,the development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region falls behind that of the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta in terms of coordination,closeness,and balance.The economic linkages among cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region are not as cohesive as they could be and display a significant“siphon effect”through Beijing and Tianjin as well as a prominently unidirectional economic flow.This study suggests that efforts should be put into directing the orderly flow of resources from Beijing and Tianjin to cities in Hebei and promoting a balanced economic flow among cities,thus facilitating the coordination of regional development.

New Strategy and Kinetic Energy Regeneration for the Developmen of China’s Urban Agglomeration

The rapid development of modern urban agglomerations has reshaped the territory of China’s economic geography and reconstructed the spatial forms of Chinese cities and regions.Since the reform and opening-up,China’s urban agglomerations have experienced three stages,i.e.spontaneous cultivation,rapid growth,and the super leading role of planning.The gian development area composed of super urban agglomerations is becoming an emerging geographic unit that improves the urban development quality promotes regional integration processes and participates in global industria competition and innovative resource allocations in China.While encountering challenges such as insufficient innovation kinetic energy and implementation difficulties of cross-regional coordination mechanisms,it has also ushered in new opportunities brought about by the shift of the global urban network system focus,the accelerated formation of high-speed rail urban belts,the rise of innovative geographic unit communities,etc.As entering the new era,centering on the high-quality development requirements of urbanization and urban agglomerations,China should establish a new mechanism for more effective coordinated regional development,build an urban pattern of coordinated development of large,medium and small cities and towns with urban agglomerations as the main body,comprehensively enhance the competitiveness of urban agglomerations and regions,and take a steady and innovation-driven road to modernization.

Industrial Spatial Agglomeration Using Distance-based Approach in Beijing, China

To study the difference of industrial location among different industries, this article is to test the spatial agglomeration across industries and firm sizes at the city level. Our research bases on a unique plant-level data set of Beijing and employs a distance-based approach, which considers space as continuous. Unlike previous studies, we set two sets of references for service and manufacturing industries respectively to adapt to the investigation in the intra-urban area. Comparing among eight types of industries and different firm sizes, we find that: 1) producer service, high-tech industries and labor-intensive manufacturing industries are more likely to cluster, whereas personal service and capital-intensive industries tend to be randomly dispersed in Beijing; 2) the spillover of the co-location of firms is more important to knowledge-intensive industries and has more significant impact on their allocation than business-oriented services in the intra-urban area; 3) the spatial agglomeration of service industries are driven by larger establishments, whereas manufacturing industries are mixed.

城市群人口集聚对共同富裕的影响——基于粤港澳大湾区的分析

共同富裕是中国式现代化的重要特征和中国特色社会主义的本质要求,如何推进共同富裕目标的实现成为政府和学界亟待解决的难题。以粤港澳大湾区为样本探讨城市群人口集聚对城市群内部以及周边区域共同富裕的影响,在理论分析的基础上采用“全面FGLS”方法以及动态面板空间杜宾模型进行估计得到如下结论:粤港澳大湾区人口集聚无论是对于城市群内部共同富裕还是带动周边区域共同富裕均具有积极的促进作用,在短期内存在正向的空间溢出作用,但长期而言粤港澳大湾区人口不可能无限集聚,当发展到一定程度后拥挤效应将超过集聚效应对共同富裕产生负面影响。上述结论意味着当前粤港澳大湾区内部形成的多中心集聚的态势,空间协调发展程度较高,在推动城市群内部共同富裕的同时,短期内也带动了周边区域的发展,但长期持续的发展仍需人口在粤港澳全域更为均衡地分布,而非无限向粤港澳大湾区集聚。基于上述结论,提出应重视基础设施的互联互通、产业互联、城市互联等,促进粤港澳大湾区与粤东西两翼及山区人口等要素资源更为顺畅地流动,优化资源配置,促进粤港澳全域发展,实现真正意义上的先富带动后富,最终实现共同富裕。

京津冀建设中国式现代化先行区、示范区的理论逻辑与路径选择

基于建设中国式现代化先行区、示范区的战略使命,回顾了京津冀协同发展的演进历程及阶段特征,识别了京津冀协同发展的新要求;依托区域经济发展机制分析了京津冀协同发展面临的经济社会环境变化,结合京津冀创新实践构建了“疏建结合的要素投入”“内涵集约的要素组合”“地方品质导向的要素聚集”“多节点网络化的要素布局”“深化协同的要素治理”五个方面的京津冀协同发展理论框架。在此基础上,从根植国家经济社会发展宏观背景、立足区域发展现实基础、遵循区域经济发展规律出发,围绕着经济发展、协同开放、空间布局、政府治理、共同富裕和生态改善提出了京津冀建设中国式现代化先行区、示范区的路径构想。

优化国土空间发展格局视域下推进城市群一体化发展的空间逻辑

城市群是推动新型城镇化的主体形态和促进发展要素合理流动的空间载体,在支撑国民经济社会发展和提升国际竞争力方面发挥关键作用。优化国土空间发展格局蕴含引导要素优化配置的目标指向、提升空间结构韧性的实质内容、加快构建新发展格局的时代背景,为考察城市群一体化发展的空间逻辑提供有益视角。从宏观顶层设计、中观权力运作、微观主体行动来看,优化国土空间发展格局中的城市群一体化发展,涉及空间规划与发展规划协同引领、空间尺度与权力结构的动态适配、核心城市与重要主体的辐射带动。根据优化国土空间发展格局的价值导向与功能预期,新时期健全城市群一体化发展机制应规范完善空间规划程序、优化升级空间治理体系、渐进实现空间正义,逐步形成优势互补、均衡发展的城市群布局与国土空间体系。

突发公共卫生事件下成渝城市群智慧化治理

突发公共卫生事件因成因复杂、种类多样、影响广泛等特点给城市群治理建设带来挑战。为解决成渝地区双城经济圈缺少行之有效的突发公共卫生事件预警与应急机制、公共卫生安全应急信息管理存在疏漏、突发公共卫生事件应急管理纵向链条过长、城市群社区智治水平有待提升、城市交通体系应对突发公共卫生事件能力不足等问题,构建成渝地区双城经济圈应急管理联动指挥机制,实现突发公共卫生事件管理智慧化,构建成渝一体化智慧城市政务系统,提高智慧城市群社区智治水平,实现基于新技术的智慧化交通治理等,从而不断提升成渝地区双城经济圈应对突发公共卫生事件的能力。

政策变迁对粤港澳大湾区人口流动的影响研究

自2019年《粤港澳大湾区发展规划纲要》正式出台至今,粤港澳大湾区在珠三角城市群的基础上结合港澳优势已发展成为中国开放程度最高,经济活力以及人口集聚能力最强的城市群之一,在国家发展大局中具有重要的战略地位。粤港澳大湾区与国内其他城市群相比,人口迁移流动除了受到户籍制度的影响,还受到社会制度差异的制约。采用双重差分方法对粤港澳大湾区人口流动进行实证分析的结果表明,粤港澳大湾区建设的提出以及《粤港澳大湾区发展规划纲要》的出台对于粤港澳大湾区人口流动具有显著的促进作用,从具体政策影响来看,创业就业政策、税收支持政策以及优质生活政策对于粤港澳大湾区人口流动的促进作用更具直接性。由此,要实现粤港澳大湾区生产要素特别是人口和劳动力高效便捷流动,实现大湾区转型发展、创新发展,仍需要进行制度和政策创新,在就业、税收、优质生活、通关服务以及人才引进等方面出台更多切实有利于人口流动、劳动力资源优化配置的政策,如建立统一的公共服务平台、统一个人所得税税收征收标准、提升生活便利度等措施。

城市化背景下粤港澳大湾区生态风险时空演变及生态分区识别研究

为揭示粤港澳大湾区城市群30年间土地利用类型转移变化规律,基于1990—2020年共4期Landsat遥感影像,分析研究区生态系统服务价值(ESV)及生态风险值时空演变特征并构建生态功能分区。结果表明:30年间,粤港澳大湾区建设用地面积累计增加5616 km^(2),增幅达179%,主要源于林地和耕地的转移变化;ESV在时间上总体呈先增加后减少趋势,在空间上呈中部低、四周高特征;生态风险在时间上呈不断增加趋势,风险等级向中高风险类型转移,在空间上呈中部高、四周低分布特征且表现出一定的空间集聚现象;根据ESV与生态风险值分布,可将研究区划分为严格管控区、重点管控区、一般管控区与生态保护区4种功能生态分区,其中严格管控区面积呈扩大趋势,重点管控区面积呈先增后减趋势,而生态保护区面积呈持续缩小趋势。

为什么城市群发展有利于城市间分工协同?——来自四大城市群的实证研究

我国经济发展的空间结构正在发生深刻变化,城市群正在成为承载发展要素的主要空间形式,城市之间的规模差异与功能差异是影响城市群内部分工发展和创新协同的重要因素。以我国京津冀、长三角、粤港澳大湾区、成渝四大城市群为研究对象,基于2003—2020年的统计数据,实证检验并分析了城市群规模结构与功能结构之间的关系,深入分析了城市群内经济增长与城市间结构异质化和创新差异。结果显示:四大城市群基本符合齐普夫降幂规模排序,长三角城市群经历了由集聚到扩散的发展阶段,规模幂次排列最优,粤港澳大湾区次之,而京津冀仍处在集聚的阶段,城市之间发展差异过大。良好的城市群发展机制有利于推进城市间合理分工,使城市发展不陷入千篇一律的无序竞争中,而是各有侧重,协同分工,推动形成优势互补高质量发展的区域经济布局。城市创新差异、交通条件与人力资本是城市群发展促进城市分工协同当中需要重视的因素。中心城市发挥科学知识创新功能,工业化城市发挥产业创新功能,大中小城市依托规模与创新分工形成分层次协同的空间发展格局。

长株潭城市群生态绿心地区人类活动强度空间分异特征与影响因素研究

人类活动既是促进自然保护地社会经济发展的主要动力,又是自然保护地生态质量下降与生态功能丧失的重要驱动因素。深入研究自然保护地人类活动强度空间分异特征,阐明其驱动因素对实现自然保护地有效规划管理具有重要意义。本文以长株潭城市群生态绿心地区为例,采用建设用地当量系数折算方法量化人类活动强度,揭示其空间分异特征,从自然环境和社会经济两方面阐明人类活动强度空间异质性的驱动因素。结果显示:(1)长株潭城市群生态绿心地区人类活动强度空间差异明显,呈现“西高中低”的格局。(2)交通便利性、用地混合度、植被覆盖度是影响该区域人类活动强度的主要因素。本研究结果可为长株潭城市群生态绿心地区国土资源可持续发展规划与管理提供科学依据。

城市舒适性对城乡居民消费差距的影响效应研究

利用2003—2019年的城市数据,通过构建城乡两部门模型和城市舒适性评价指标体系,从理论和实证角度研究城市舒适性对城乡消费差距的影响及其作用机制。研究发现,城市舒适性的提升对城乡消费差距有着显著的缩小作用,且这一结果在调整指标赋权方法、城市消费差距计算方法以及控制内生性问题后依然稳健。在作用机制方面,城市舒适性主要通过提升农村居民消费水平来实现城乡消费差距的缩小,且城市舒适性对房价、居民收入水平和集聚均有着显著的正向影响。在不同类型的城市舒适性对城乡消费差距的影响方面,出行舒适性可能是缩小城乡消费差距的最主要推动力,且出行舒适性同样通过提升农村居民消费水平来缩小城乡消费差距。上述结论为地方政府在进行公共支出中重视对城市舒适性的提升,进而推动居民生活质量的提升和城乡融合发展提供了政策启示。

中国式现代化视角下的经济带建设:政策依据与路径选择

加快经济带建设,既是实现区域协调发展的重要手段,又是推进中国式现代化进程的内在要求和必然选择。加快经济带建设的政策依据主要有:区域重大战略成为引领区域协调发展的纽带;纵向横向经济带建设成为实现区域协调发展和共同富裕的框架;城市群、都市圈建设成为经济带建设、区域重大战略和区域协调发展战略实施的重要经济增长极与支撑点;网络化的综合立体交通网和全国统一大市场的建设及数字经济发展规划助力经济带建设。其路径选择为:以都市圈、城市群建设为支撑点,形成纵向横向经济带;以京津冀协同发展、长三角一体化和粤港澳大湾区建设为抓手,促进沿海地区率先实现现代化;以重大战略为突破口,推动区域协调发展和共同富裕;以城市圈、次级经济带建设为抓手,夯实共同富裕之根基;以县城为重点,加快新型城镇化与乡村振兴战略协同推进,实现城乡共同富裕;以数字产业、数字化经济为纽带,加快数字化经济带建设。

长株潭城市群生态绿心地区乡村建设用地减量策略研究

随着我国土地供需矛盾的日益突出,建设用地从“宽供给”逐渐走向“总量减量、盘活存量”发展的新阶段。基于长株潭城市群生态绿心地区乡村建设用地持续蔓延扩张,用地规模难以控制的问题,本文通过总结我国城乡建设用地政策演变与相关实践经验,以长株潭城市群生态绿心地区为例,深度剖析乡村建设用地减量发展面临的困境,并从规划编制体系、具体实施路径、政策创新三个方面提出减量化策略,即“完善规划编制,构建‘全链条’减量治理体系”、“精准识别减量区域,推进‘精细化’减量实施路径”、“创新减量政策,探索‘生态+减量’协同治理模式”,以期为我国跨区域城郊地区乡村空间治理提供参考。

粤港澳大湾区建设:现状、挑战与路径探析

在当今国际经济发展中湾区占有举足轻重的地位,湾区经济更是引领一个国家经济发展,乃至影响整个世界经济的重要力量支撑。发展湾区经济是一种推动城市乃至国家经济增长的强有力手段,而粤港澳大湾区有着先天的基础和优势,但也存在着新的挑战和壁垒。基于大湾区的经济基础和现状,通过与世界三大著名湾区的对比,瑕瑜互见,分析自身优势和现存的挑战,分别从体制机制创新、推动教育人才创新、推动湾区内部产学研一体化、充分发挥香港地区“超级联系人”的作用、湾区身份认同以及新时代背景下探索新的治理模式等方面,对大湾区未来的发展路径进行了剖析,以期为把粤港澳大湾区建设成世界一流湾区和世界级城市群提供一定的理论指导。

基于多源数据的夜间经济集聚空间分布格局研究——以昆明市主城区为例

研究夜间经济集聚空间格局特征,有助于优化经济空间布局、塑造城市特色、发展城市旅游。昆明市是我国与南亚、东南亚等国家进行经济、社会交流的重要门户,本文结合昆明主城区夜间经济POI数据、夜间灯光数据,基于空间发展方向与发展强度,分析夜间经济集聚空间的分布格局,并通过业态分布格局挖掘夜间经济集聚空间的类型特征,进而从空间格局优化、片区特色挖掘、基础设施改善、营业模式拓展等方面提出优化建议,以供参考。

城市群城际铁路地铁化运营思考——以粤港澳大湾区为例

随着城市群一体化进程的加速推进,城际出行需求日益增长,对高效便捷的交通系统提出了新的要求。本文以粤港澳大湾区为例,探讨了城际铁路采用地铁化运营模式的必要性与可行性。针对城际铁路在吸引力和运营效率方面的不足,借鉴了德国、东京和巴黎的城际铁路地铁化运营经验,结合数字化、智能化的铁路系统发展趋势,提出了简化乘车流程、灵活调整运力、创新票制设计、完善地方政府补贴机制以及加强票务系统互联互通等改进建议,并进行实施性分析,为大湾区城际铁路地铁化运营组织提供参考。