Organic petrographic and mineralogical composition of the No. 6 coal seam of the Soutpansberg Coalfield, South Africa: Insights into paleovegetation and depositional environment

This study investigates the paleodepositional conditions of the No.6 Seam of the Madzaringwe Formation in Makhado and Voorburg south area of the Soutpansberg Coalfield(Limpopo Province,South Africa)utilizing organic petrography and inorganic geochemical proxies.The coals are predominantly high-volatile bituminous B-A rank with high ash yields(avg.36.1 wt%),characterized by high-vitrinite(~41.5 vol%),moderate-to-high inertinite(9.8 vol%–33.7 vol%)and low liptinite(~2.3 vol%).The distribution of inertinite varies among different coal horizons(from bottom-lower to middle-upper),suggesting differential oxidation conditions and/or paleofire occurrence.Vitrinite-to-inertinite(V/I)ratio,tissue preservation–gelification index(TPI–GI),and groundwater–vegetation index(GWI–VI)plots,indicate that the peat-forming forest-swamp vegetation accumulated under mesotrophic-to-rheotrophic hydrological conditions.The presence of structured macerals(i.e.,telinite,collotelinite,fusinite,and semifusinite)suggests well-preserved plant tissues,whereas framboidal pyrite and sulphur content(0.24 wt%–2.16 wt%)point to brackish-water influence at the peat stage.The coals contain quartz,kaolinite,siderite,muscovite,dolomite,calcite,and pyrite minerals,most of which were likely sourced from felsic igneous rocks.The Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)and(Fe+Mn)/Ti ratios for the studied samples range between 0.24–0.97 and 0.57–70.10,respectively.The ratios,Al–Fe–Mn plot,and presence of massive botryoidal-type pyrite imply some influence of meteoric waters or fluids from hydrothermal activity post-deposition.Moreover,the chemical index of alteration(CIA:98.25–99.67),chemical index of weathering(CIW:92.04–97.66),and A–CN–K ternary diagram suggest inorganic matter suffered strong chemical weathering,indicating warm paleoclimatic conditions during the coal formation.

River width and depth as key factors of diurnal activity energy expenditure allocation for wintering Spot-billed Ducks in the Xin'an River Basin

Rivers are important habitats for wintering waterbirds.However,they are easily influenced by natural and human activities.An important approach for waterbirds to adapt to habitats is adjusting the activity time and energy expenditure allocation of diurnal behavior.The compensatory foraging hypothesis predicts that increased energy expenditure leads to longer foraging time,which in turn increases food intake and helps maintain a constant energy balance.However,it is unclear whether human-disturbed habitats result in increased energy expenditure related to safety or foraging.In this study,the scan sample method was used to observe the diurnal behavior of the wintering Spot-billed Duck(Anas poecilorhyncha) in two rivers in the Xin’an River Basin from October 2021 to March 2022.The allocation of time and energy expenditure for activity in both normal and disturbed environments was calculated.The results showed that foraging accounted for the highest percentage of time and energy expenditure.Additionally,foraging decreased in the disturbed environment than that in the normal environment.Resting behavior showed the opposite trend,while other behaviors were similar in both environments.The total diurnal energy expenditure of ducks in the disturbed environment was greater than that in the normal environment,with decreased foraging and resting time percentage and increased behaviors related to immediate safety(swimming and alert) and comfort.These results oppose the compensatory foraging hypothesis in favor of increased security.The optimal diurnal energy expenditure model included river width and water depth,which had a positive relationship;an increase in either of these two factors resulted in an increase in energy expenditure.This study provides a better understanding of energy allocation strategies underlying the superficial time allocation of wintering waterbirds according to environmental conditions.Exploring these changes can help understand the maximum fitness of wintering waterbirds in response to nature and human influences.

The characteristic and evolution of coal-forming swamp in Hanshuiquan district,Santanghu Coalfield, Xinjiang,NW China,during the Middle Jurassic: evidence from coal petrography,coal facies and sporopollen

Santanghu Coalfield is the largest integrated coalfield exploration area in China. The major coal seams developing in Xishanyao Formation (Middle Jurassic) are the high-quality steam coals characterized by large thickness, favorable horizontal continuity and high coal quality. In this paper, twenty-two samples were collected from the three typical boreholes in Hanshuiquan disirict, representing the 11 coal seam sequences (7#,8#,9#,13#, 14#,15#,17#,18#,19#,20#,22#), respectively. The petrographic characteristics of the coal-bearing sequence in Xishanyao Formation were firstly summarized systematicly, and then the coal-forming swamp characteristics and succession mechanism of the coal seam in Xishanyao Formation were defined by analyzing the samples. The maceral composition, structure, geochemical and geophysical characteristics of coal are in eluded in original genetic criteria of coal-forming swamp an alysis. And the composition of coal petrography, maceral and microlithotype are the most frequently used parameters. Coal is composed of microscopic constituents and inorganic substances. The Xishanyao Formation maceral mainly consists of vitrinite (65.74%-97.01 %), inert i nite (1.93%-34%), and the exinite shows the mode of regular change. The coal-forming swamp in Xishanyao Formation possesses the characteristics of mainly marsh, wet forest swamp facies, and shallow water covered forest swamp facies, and a few of coal seams distribute in the deep water covered forest swamp facies. In addition, the sporopollens in Xishanyao Formation are mainly Pinaceae evergreen broad leaf and needle-leaved plants. Osmundaceae, Cyatheaceae and Lygodiaceae, indicating that the warm and humid tropic-subtropical climate conductive to the persistent growth of coal-forming plants in the Middle Jurassic. The coal-forming swamp shows the characteristics of vertically upward fluctuation through the periodic transition. It indicates a shallow-deep-shallow change process of the water covered depth in the swamp. This is the prin ci pal factor for the formation of the high-quality and continuous coal seam in Hanshuiquan district, Santanghu Coalfield.

Experimental study on the oxidation kinetics of coal in typical coal mining areas of the Southern Junggar coalfield,Xinjiang,China

Coal spontaneous combustion(CSC)is a disaster associated with coal mining that leads to loss of coal resources and envi-ronmental and human health issues.To investigate kinetic characteristics for oxidation of coal,three coal samples were collected from different coal mining areas in the Southern Junggar coalfield.Subsequently,the collected coal samples were ground into different particle sizes and tested using microscopic and macroscopic methods,including thermal gravimetric analysis,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,and temperature-programmed oxidation.The results obtained are as follows:the sharpest absorption peak(002)indicates that graphitization is high.Furthermore,the results show that the SKS coal sample is prone to spontaneous combustion;the greater the aromatic hydrocarbon content is,the more difficult it is for CSC to occur,while the opposite is true for oxygen-containing functional groups.The SKS data confirmed this conclusion;the rate for generation of CO and CO_(2)controlled the possibility of SKS oxidation at 110℃and provided an indication of the temperature.During the dehydration stage,the WD sample had the lowest activation energy,indicating that it was most susceptible to spontaneous combustion.During the combustion stage,the lowest activation energy was found for the SKS sample with particle sizes<0.075 mm,indicating that particle size was one of the factors affecting spontane-ous combustion.The activation energy for dehydration was significantly lower than that for combustion,which showed that the coal oxygen reaction was more likely to occur in the dehydration stage.Based on DSC curves,the SKS sample had the largest exothermicity,indicating that it would ignite more readily.

Explanation for peat-forming environments of coal seam 2 and 9^(-2)based on the maceral composition and aromatic compounds in the Xingtai coalfield,China

Maceral composition and aromatic compounds were determined on columnsamples to study the peat-forming environments of Permian coal seam 2 and Carboniferouscoal seam 9^(-2) from the Xingtai coalfield,China.The macerals were dominated by inertinitein seam 2 and by vitrinite in seam 9^(-2).Three maceral groups were selected as indicatorsof peat-forming environments.Two triangle diagrams were drawn based on the indicatorsto explicate the peat-forming environments of permian seam 2 and Carboniferousseam 9^(-2).The results indicate that the peat of carboniferous seam 9^(-2) formed dominantlyin wet swamps,whereas the peat of Permian seam 2 formed dominantly in dry swampsand open moor environments.

Distribution and significance of "barkinite" in Mowo coal mine of Han-Xing coalfield, North China

In order to study the distribution and significance of "barkinite" in the Han-Xing (Handan-Xingtai) coalfield, northern China, 140 samples were collected from 10 coal mines and then analyzed by maceral separation, Rock-Eval and microscopic method. The results indicate that "barkinite" can be observed in samples from only three mines with a value lower than 2%. The "barkinite" from the Mowo mine was studied in detail because of its relative high content of "barkinite". In addition, the HI value of "barkinite" is higher than that of the coal seam as a whole, showing that "barkinite" has considerable potential for hydrocarbon generation.

Numerical simulation of deep-level rockburst in Fuxin coalfield

On the basis of ANSYS finite element model(FEM) software, the deep-level rockburst in Fuxin coalfield was simulated numerically. Based on Haizhou Mine and Wulong Mine as two typical deep-level rockburst examples in Fuxin coalfield, the rules and characteristics of the deep-level rockburst were analyzed. And the models were es- tablished. For Haizhou mine, the relationship between mining distance and rockburst was presented when 100, 300, 600 m were mined in 3313 working face. When 300 m were mined, the rockburst began to emerge. When 600 m were mined, the rockburst was the most possible to happen and the compression stress of the working face reached to the maximum value. The effect of tectonic stress on synclinal axis is also a key factor to rockburst occurrence. This was verified by the rockburst happened when 496 m were mined. For Wulong mine, based on the 311 working face as an example, the contours of Y stress in the roof and floor were obtained when the mining distance were 100, 200, 300 and 400 m. When 100 and 400 m were mined, the high stress con- centration regions occurred in the front of working face. This shows the rockburst is easy to happen. It is confirmed by the rockburst when 91m were mined in 311 working plane. The above indicates that the numerical simulation has instructive rule to study the deep-level rockburst in Fuxin coalfield.

Discussion on the Planning of a Remaining Market in the New Urban Area under the Background of Urbanization: A case study of Xin’an Grand Market of Qingdao

Chinese markets play an important social role in the long history and are important places for currency circulation,human communication and cultural collision.However,with the acceleration of urbanization,market civilization has gradually faded.In this study,the current situation of a remaining market in Qingdao Development Zone was surveyed,and the problems of the market were discussed.Meanwhile,the reasons for the formation and survival of the market were analyzed,and some strategies to transform the market were put forward to find a way out for the development of the same type of markets in China.

The Method and Practice of Constructing 3D Geological Model from Coalfield Exploration 2D Maps

3D geological modeling is an inevitable choice for coal exploration to adapt to the transformation of coal mining for green, fine, transparent and Intelligent mining. In the traditional Coalfield exploration geological reports, the spatial expression form for the coal seams and their surrounding rocks are 2D maps. These 2D maps are excellent data sources for constructing 3D geological models of coal field exploration areas. How to construct 3D models from these 2D maps has been studying in coal exploration industry for a long time, and still no breakthrough has been achieved so far. This paper discusses the principle, method and software design idea of constructing 3D geological model of an exploration area with 2D maps made by AutoCAD/MapGIS. At first, the paper analyzes 3D geological surface expression mode in 3D geological modeling software. It is pointed out that although contour method has unique advantages in coal field exploration, TIN (Triangular Irregular Network) is still the standard configuration of 3D modeling software for coal field. Then, the paper discusses the method of 2D line features obtaining elevation and upgrading 2D curve to 3D curve. Next, the method of semi-automatic partition is introduced to build the boundary ring of the surface patch, that is, the user clicks and selects the line feature to build the outer boundary ring of the surface patch. Then, Auto-process method for fault line inside of the outer boundary ring is discussed, it including construction of fault ring, determining fault ring being normal fault ring or reverse fault ring and an algorithm of dealing with normal fault ring. An algorithm of dealing with reverse fault ring is discussed detailly, the method of expanding reverse fault ring and dividing the duplicate area in reverse fault into two portions is introduced. The paper also discusses the method of extraction ridge line/valley line, the construction of fault plane, the construction of stratum and coal body. The above ideas and methods have been initially implemented in the “3D modeling platform for coal field exploration” software, and applied to the 3D modeling practice of data from several coal field exploration areas in Ningxia, Shanxi, Qinghai, etc.

芪苈强心胶囊降低慢性心力衰竭急性失代偿患者发生利尿剂抵抗风险的回顾性研究

背景利尿剂抵抗与心力衰竭(HF)患者的病死率增加有关。芪苈强心胶囊是用于治疗HF的中药。目前缺乏其在改善利尿剂抵抗方面作用的临床证据。目的探讨芪苈强心胶囊能否降低慢性HF急性失代偿(ADCHF)患者发生利尿剂抵抗的风险并改善其预后。方法纳入2018年1月—2022年6月在天津大学胸科医院CICU病区住院治疗的HF患者374例为研究对象,根据是否发生利尿剂抵抗将患者分为利尿剂抵抗组(118例)和非利尿剂抵抗组(256例)。收集患者的一般资料和实验室检查结果等。对患者随访12个月,观察因心血管事件再住院或全因死亡情况。绘制各组患者的Kaplan-Meyer生存曲线,生存曲线比较采用Log-rank检验。采用多因素Logistic回归分析探究患者发生利尿剂抵抗风险的影响因素。采用多因素Cox回归分析探究ADCHF患者发生终点事件的影响因素。结果利尿剂抵抗组年龄、体质量、N末端前体脑利钠肽(NT-proBNP)、血尿素氮、血肌酐、血尿酸、国际标准化比值(INR)高于非利尿剂抵抗组,24 h液体摄入量、估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)、淋巴细胞绝对值、芪苈强心胶囊使用率低于非利尿剂抵抗组。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,使用芪苈强心胶囊(OR=0.363,95%CI=0.186~0.708,P=0.003)、24 h液体摄入量升高(OR=0.286,95%CI=0.177~0.461,P<0.001)是ADCHF患者发生利尿剂抵抗风险的保护因素。体质量增加(OR=1.064,95%CI=1.040~1.088,P<0.001)、血尿酸增高(OR=1.002,95%CI=1.000~1.004,P=0.027)是患者发生利尿剂抵抗风险的危险因素。Log-rank检验结果显示,利尿剂抵抗组无终点事件平均生存时间短于非利尿剂抵抗组(χ^(2)=11.866,P=0.001);未使用芪苈强心胶囊患者无终点事件平均生存时间短于使用芪苈强心胶囊患者(χ^(2)=6.502,P=0.011)。多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,使用芪苈强心胶囊(HR=0.536,95%CI=0.308~0.933,P=0.027)和使用血管紧张素受体脑啡肽酶抑制剂/血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂/血管紧张素受体阻滞剂(HR=0.435,95%CI=0.229~0.826,P=0.011)是患者发生终点事件的保护因素,总胆红素升高(HR=1.019,95%CI=1.008~1.030,P=0.001)、总胆汁酸升高(HR=1.029,95%CI=1.002~1.058,P=0.036)是患者发生终点事件的危险因素。结论在常规抗HF治疗的基础上使用芪苈强心胶囊可以降低ADCHF患者发生利尿剂抵抗的风险,同时降低这类患者1年内因心血管事件再住院或全因死亡的风险。

两晋“碑文似赋”说补证

碑文于两晋之时多为叙述性,近于赋之铺陈,故易受赋影响,常主动借鉴赋之写法。两晋碑文沿袭汉碑传统,在题材、句式、用韵上多与辞赋“同体异用”,且常以赋家笔法叙述碑主家族功勋、描绘历史背景、敷陈碑主德行事业,使得碑文辞采增华,赋化倾向更为明显。“碑文似赋”实与魏晋文学自觉相关,援赋笔破体为文,虽使碑文一改汉魏体制,篇幅增长,但在整体上增强了其文学性、可读性和感染力,强化了其文学张力,使得泛文学观念落到了实处。

基于瞬变电磁法的煤层风氧化带探查

煤层风氧化带的发育对煤矿的生产组织和安全回采影响巨大,针对准格尔煤田东部隆起带煤层风氧化带圈定的技术难题,研究了瞬变电磁法探查煤层风氧化带的可行性。首先对研究区正常地层与煤层风氧化区的电阻率测井曲线进行了分析,总结了正常区与煤层风氧化区的电性差异,并以电阻率测井曲线构建了煤层风氧化区地电模型;然后采用MAXWELL软件对理论模型的瞬变电磁响应进行了数值模拟,发现在煤层风氧化区瞬变电磁反演电阻率断面表现为浅部低阻层变厚、低阻异常幅值减小的异常特征,可以以此来圈定煤层风氧化区的分布范围;最后在数值模拟的基础上,在串草圪旦煤矿开展了现场试验,结合钻探情况对试验数据从瞬变电磁反演电阻率断面和平面2个角度进行了分析,结果表明瞬变电磁法探测划分风氧化带是可行的。

安徽省两淮煤田废弃煤炭矿井剩余资源综合调查、开发利用现状及展望

随着去产能政策和能源供给侧改革的深入推进,安徽省两淮煤田先后关闭了大量资源枯竭、经济亏损、产能落后的煤炭矿井。本文在综合调查两淮煤田废弃煤炭矿井剩余资源潜力的基础上,梳理了两淮煤田废弃煤炭矿井资源开发利用现状,分析了当前面临的主要问题。研究结果表明:截至2023年底,两淮煤田63处废弃煤炭矿井剩余煤炭资源约24.33亿t、煤层气约102.83亿m^(3)、可利用地下空间约7383.80万m^(3)、天然焦约3.45亿t,此外还有丰富的矿井水、地热和土地等其他可利用资源,具有良好的资源开发利用潜力。虽然目前两淮煤田在废弃煤炭矿井煤层气、矿井水、土地和共伴生矿产等资源开发利用方面已取得了一定的经济效益与社会价值,但仍然面临基础资料缺失、管理体系不完善、资源开发利用模式单一和利用率低等一系列问题。针对上述主要问题,本文从信息化建设、基础理论研究和探索资源开发利用模式三个方面提出了建议与展望,以期加快开发利用两淮煤田废弃煤炭矿井资源,提高资源利用率。

基于断层量化隐伏型煤矿基岩含水层水化学空间演化机制研究

地质构造是控制地下水化学场形成的关键因子,但由于其类型、性质和组合方式存在较大差异,致使定量表征地质构造对含水层水化学空间演化是个难点问题,亟待解决。本文以典型隐伏型煤田——淮北煤田袁店一矿的二叠系主采煤层砂岩裂隙含水层(简称“煤系”)和石炭系太原组灰岩岩溶裂隙含水层(简称“太灰”)为研究对象,基于主成分分析和离子比例分析,阐明控制含水层水化学空间演化的关键因素,利用断层复杂系数量化地质构造对地下含水层水-岩作用的影响,揭示袁店一矿水化学空间演化机制。研究结果表明,袁店一矿煤系主要水-岩作用为阳离子交替吸附与脱硫酸,太灰主要水-岩作用为碳酸盐溶解与黄铁矿氧化。袁店一矿东部断层复杂系数平均值为0.56,中部为0.61,西部为0.71。随着断层复杂系数平均值的增加,断层愈发育,煤系在袁店一矿主要水-岩作用阳离子交替吸附与脱硫酸有向非碳酸盐溶解转变的趋势;太灰在袁店一矿主要水-岩作用碳酸盐溶解与黄铁矿氧化有进一步增强的趋势。研究成果为研究华北隐伏型煤田地下水化学演化的构造控制机制提供了新思路,奠定了良好的理论基础。

微分形式新安江模型

现有新安江模型数学上是代数方程并限于一阶差分方法求解,不可避免存在数值误差,探索数值求解误差控制新途径,对于提高模型计算精度具有重要意义。基于微分系统框架,识别新安江模型的状态变量和通量,推导其控制方程和本构方程,提出微分形式的新安江模型(ODE-XAJ),并采用四阶显式Runge Kutta法求解。数值实验结果显示,以解析解为基准,ODE-XAJ绝对误差处于或小于10^(-4)mm量级,可实现对解析解的高阶近似;以ODE-XAJ结果为基准,按归一化平均绝对误差评价,现有新安江模型的数值求解误差约为8.7%。典型流域应用结果显示,ODE-XAJ确定性系数提升0.02,洪量相对误差降低4.3%。研究表明,ODE-XAJ理论上分离了模型的数学方程与具体解法,可有效控制数值求解误差,提升模型模拟精度。

西山煤田岩溶陷落柱柱壁角特征研究及其意义

【意义】随着采掘向深部延伸,岩溶陷落柱已成为华北煤田矿井开采最隐蔽的致灾地质因素之一。柱壁角是描述陷落柱形态特征的重要指标之一。【方法和结果】以西山煤田上下煤层综采均切割过的265个岩溶陷落柱为数据源,通过分区、统计、函数构建、地质类比,挖掘西山煤田岩溶陷落柱柱壁角中蕴藏的地质信息,获得如下认识:(1)西山煤田陷落柱平均柱壁角为84.29°,超50%的陷落柱柱壁角在85°~90°,平均柱壁角自西北到东南逐渐增大,从82.05°增大到87.57°。(2)西山煤田陷落柱柱壁角与8号煤层揭露的陷落柱面积成反比,依据柱壁角与陷落柱面积大小关系,陷落柱划分为:充分塌陷陷落柱(90°~85°)、次充分塌陷陷落柱(<85°~81°)、不充分塌陷陷落柱(<81°);对应的2号煤层陷落柱面积分别为<556、556~1 700、>1 700 m^(2),等效半径为<13.3、13.3~23.3、>23.3 m;对应的8号煤层陷落柱面积分别为<1 250、1 250~2 750、>2 750 m^(2),半径分别为<20、20~30、>30 m。充分塌陷陷落柱一般发育有柱顶空腔,柱体结构较为松散,可导通顶板裂隙水与柱顶空腔水,以及底板承压奥灰水,是西山煤田导水陷落柱的一种重要类型。【结论】类比地质历史时期降雨量结果显示,具有“北柱南相”的西山煤田岩溶陷落柱,可能形成于气候湿热的古近纪渐新世时期,强烈的岩溶作用吸收了大气中的CO_(2),并锁定在沉积区,可能是导致全球大气CO_(2)含量急剧降低的重要原因。

不同变质程度煤中镜质组的元素分布特征:基于Raman和原位微区XRF分析

为明确煤中元素与有机质之间的关系,本文选择山西太原西山煤田6个矿区石炭系—二叠系太原组8号煤层煤样(镜质体最大反射率为1.26%~2.03%)为研究对象,挑选其中的镜煤条带,利用激光共聚焦拉曼光谱仪(Raman)选出镜质组,结合微区X射线荧光光谱仪(μ-XRF)对镜质组中元素含量和分布特征进行分析,试图探讨不同变质程度煤中镜质组的拉曼光谱和元素的耦合关系。研究发现,镜质组中仍然存在着大量的纳米级矿物,在实验操作过程中即使Raman光谱的结果限定了有机组分,但是由于束斑大小的差异,μ-XRF测试时不可避免的受到了煤中纳米级矿物的影响;Al、Si、K、Ti、V、Fe、Co、Ca主要赋存于镜质组中的纳米级矿物中,Ni、Zn、Ga、Ge、Br、S则主要以有机结合态的形式存在。

基于黄元御“水寒土湿木郁”理论探讨功能性便秘的诊治及其肠道微生态的改变

目的基于黄元御“水寒土湿木郁”理论探讨功能性便秘(Functional constipation,FC)的诊治,采用高通量测序技术探讨肉苁蓉汤对“水寒土湿木郁”型FC患者肠道微生态的影响。方法选取2020年9月—2022年1月期间厦门市中医院肛肠科便秘门诊收治的“水寒土湿木郁”型慢性FC患者60例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和治疗组,每组各30例。治疗组采用肉苁蓉汤,对照组口服聚乙二醇4000,疗程均为5周。其中肉苁蓉汤组20例,聚乙二醇组18例,分别采集两组患者治疗前后的自然排出的粪便(10.00±5.00)g,立即置于液氮中冷冻,再放入-80℃冰箱中保存,采用MagPure Soil DNA LQ Ki试剂,采用高通量测序技术分析菌群的变化,进行Alpha多样性指数分析,并分别使用Chao、Shannon及Simpson指数计算肠道菌群丰度和菌群多样性;采用LefSe技术分析治疗前后粪便样本中菌群组成中的差异性菌属。结果两组患者疗程结束后水寒土湿木郁证候量化积分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者疗程结束3个月后水寒土湿木郁证候量化积分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。表明肉苁蓉汤组的疗效优于聚乙二醇组。稀释曲线表明测序数据量合理,基本能覆盖样本中所有的细菌种类;治疗后FC患者肠道菌群的Chno1指数高于治疗前,Shannon指数和Simpson指数均低于治疗前,但三者治疗前后的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);门水平上各组肠道菌群中相对分布较高的菌属有Bacteroidota、Cyanobacteria、Campilobacterota、Deferribacterota;属水平上,各组肠道菌群中相对分布较高的菌属有Bacteroidota、Parabacteroides、Eubacterium_eligens_group、Alistipes、Lachnoclostridium。结论肉苁蓉汤治疗“水寒土湿木郁”型便秘可以取得中远期的疗效,可以增加肠道有益菌,改善肠道微生态。

新癀片治疗甲状腺结节微波消融术后颈部肿胀疼痛的效果

目的探讨新癀片治疗甲状腺结节微波消融术(microwave ablation,MWA)后颈部肿胀疼痛的疗效。方法将150例甲状腺结节行MWA后颈部肿胀疼痛患者随机分为治疗组、安慰剂组和对照组,每组50例。治疗组于术后立即口服新癀片,3片,tid,口服3 d;安慰剂组于术后立即口服安慰剂(淀粉药丸),3片,tid,口服3 d;对照组术后未口服药物。比较3组患者术后颈部肿胀、颈部疼痛情况。结果治疗组术后12、24、48、72 h颈部疼痛评分较对照组及安慰剂组显著减少,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗组术后48、72 h颈部肿胀发生率较对照组及安慰剂组显著减少,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗组术后72 h颈部疼痛、肿胀持续时间较对照组及安慰剂组显著缩短,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论新癀片能够明显改善甲状腺结节MWA术后颈部肿胀程度,缓解颈部疼痛,从而改善患者术后不适感,是治疗甲状腺结节MWA术后颈部肿胀疼痛的理想药物。

明代《古今医鉴》版本、订补及学术贡献

《古今医鉴》八卷,明代龚信编辑,其子龚廷贤续编,成书于明万历四年(1576),刊刻于万历五年(1577),由周曰校的万卷楼刊刻。此后周庭槐再版刻印,八卷,改书名为《新刊古今医鉴》。周四达又请王肯堂对《古今医鉴》进行校正,以初刻本为底本重新刊刻,名《重刻古今医鉴》,仍为八卷,此本显示出由王肯堂校注修改的痕迹,其成书时间当在初刻本与周庭槐本之后王肯堂十六卷本之前。王肯堂之后又对《古今医鉴》重新进行了全面修订整理,勘误补漏,阐释医理,调整方药,加工润色,并改成十六卷本重新刊印,做出了重要的贡献,明万历十七年(1589)由叶华生刊印完成《王宇泰先生订补古今医鉴》。尚见“姑苏文台沈公本”,是以初刻本为底本刻印的活字本,刻印时间为日本元和年间(1615—1624)。本书对临床各科百余种病证进行阐述,荟萃古今诸家之论,完整保存了确有效验的官府、民间验方及父子二人所创方剂,在诸多方面具有创新,做出了重要的学术贡献。