A Discussion on the Issue of Excessive Academic Burden among Middle School Students

At present,the heavy academic workload of middle school students is a common problem,which is still questioned by parents,concerned by the government,and hotly debated by society.This paper summarizes the following eight aspects:the difficult content of subject courses,excessive class hours,heavy homework burden,complicated exams,overwhelming study materials,fierce subject competition,prevalent off-campus tutoring,and poor physical and mental health.Recognizing these problems can help to optimize the education and teaching environment and achieve a sustainable enrollment rate.

How Autonomy Support Environment Influences Student Online Game Addiction:The Mediating Roles of Academic Motivation and Academic Perseverance

Background:Online game addiction has become a serious global public health problem among adolescents.However,its influencing factors and mediating mechanisms remain ambiguous.Methods:The present study adopted stratified random sampling to collect 6146 junior high school student samples in China's Mainland.We used regression analysis,and Bootstrap mediation test through SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 24.0 to reveal the tendency of students’online game addiction with different background characteristics and whether autonomy support from parents and teachers can effectively reduce online game addiction.Results:The results showed that parental(β=−0.112,p<0.001)and teacher(β=−0.225,p<0.001)autonomy support were conducive to reducing students’online game addiction.Academic perseverance(β=−0.080,95%CI=[−0.103,−0.058])and academic motivation(β=−0.073,95%CI=[−0.095,−0.052])partially mediated the relationship between autonomy support and online game addiction.Conclusion:This result provides a theoretical basis for educational interventions.It suggests that strengthening autonomy support could enhance students’academic perseverance and motivation and further reduce online game addiction.This study utilized a cross-sectional research design,making it difficult to determine the causal relationship between autonomy support environment and online game addiction.

Between-Class Ability Grouping, Cram Schooling, and Student Academic Achievement in Taiwan

Taiwan government has been executing the educational reform programs for more than two decades. However, the so-called between-class ability grouping which is prohibited by Taiwan government is still found in many places; and Taiwan＇s cram schools are even more popular and diversified than before. The authors argue that, in addition to individual＇s socio-economic background, regional characteristics and school attributes also play important roles. Bringing these two factors back in, the causal relationships among ability grouping, cram schooling, and student academic achievement can be analyzed more accurately. Using data from Taiwan Education Panel Survey, the authors＇ empirical results show that, first of all, in more urbanized area, between-class ability grouping is less popular but cram school participation is wider spread these years. Secondly, the effects of family backgrounds on students＇ cram school participation are not as critical as they were before. Thirdly, between-class ability grouping and students＇ performance are positively associated but the internal mechanism still needs further investigation.

The Relationship between Academic Performance, Achievement Motivation and Career Adaptability of Chinese High School Students

Given the importance of career adaptability to personal career and success,there is growing interest in how to cultivate youth's career adaptability in schools.This study explores the predictors of career adaptability and examines the mediating role of academic performance in the relationship between achievement motivation and career adaptability.Using the survey data of 147 Chinese high school students,a series of regression models find that academic motivation and academic performance have significant effects on career adaptability,as well as its four dimensions namely career concern,career control,career curiosity,and career confidence.Structural equation modeling further shows that achievement motivation can not only directly affect career adaptability,but also indirectly affect career adaptability through academic performance after controlling for the effects of gender,location,parent education,and family social and economic status.Research limitations and practical implications are finally discussed.

Examine the Relationship of Emotional Intelligence and Creativity with Academic Achievement of Second Period High School Students

The present study aimed to examine the relationship of emotional intelligence and creativity with academic achievement of second period high school students in Nikshahr. This was a descriptive-correlational study. The population of the current study included all second period high school students in the academic year of 2013-2014. The statistical sample was selected using simple random sampling method. To collect data, Mayer Salovey Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (1995) as well as Creativity Questionnaire (Sultani) and to compare students’ academic achievements, their GPAs in the academic year of 2013-2014 were used. Obtained data were analyzed using both descriptive (frequency table, frequency, and charts) and inferential statistics (independent t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient). The results indicated that emotional intelligence and academic achievement were significantly correlated. Moreover, there was a significant and positive relationship between creativity and academic achievement. Additionally, no significant difference was found between males and females considering their academic achievement.

Exploring Senior High School Students’ English Academic Resilience in the Chinese Context

While academic resilience has been a hot topic in positive psychology,there is still scope for researchers to explore it in the field of applied linguistics.Drawing on the framework of L2(second language) learners’ resilience proposed by T.Y.Kim and Y.K.Kim(2017),the current study aims to examine senior high school students’ English academic resilience(EAR) and its relationship to their English achievement(EA).This study comprises a survey of 454 senior high school students.Follow-up interviews were carried out to triangulate the quantitative findings.The descriptive results demonstrate that students’ EAR is above the average,and its five subscales obtain medium to medium-higher levels due to the mean scores.It shows that students have good EAR that enables them to deal with academic adversity.The correlational analysis shows a low positive correlation between EAR and EA in general,and the subscales share medium to low correlations with students’ EA.EAR has a certain influence on EA,but the correlation may be influenced by other learner variables.Based on the results,suggestions on improving students’ EAR are provided.

Athletic Participation and Academic Achievement of High School Students: A Longitudinal Study of Athletic and Non-Athletic Participants

The majority of extant research studies have established that high school students’athletic participation is positively associated with several educational outcomes,including academic performance.However,the effect of long-term athletic participation on academic performance remains unclear.Using a longitudinal data of 220 students from a high school in eastern Massachusetts of the United States,this study has revealed that athletic participants in this school started with a statistically significant higher GPA than non-participants in the first year of study,and have continued to be higher in the following two years,lag behind significantly,however,in academic achievement growth from their nonparticipation counterparts.The results of the study call for thoughtful decision-making regarding sports programs and athletic policies,proper guidance and adequate support for athletes and an optimal sport-academic culture in American high schools.

Effects of hand clasping and arm folding on academic performance

BACKGROUND：Similar to handedness, hand clasping and arm folding are also lateral preferences. Previous studies showed a variation frequency for hand clasping and arm folding among different populations. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the relationship between patterns of lateral preferences （hand clasping or arm folding） and academic performance of middle school students. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTINGS： Cross-sectional investigation. The data were collected in the Beijing Zhongguancun High School in Beijing in May 2007. Data analysis was performed in the State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University during June to July 2007. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 102 senior-grade students from Beijing Zhongguancun High School, including 58 males and 44 females, were selected for this study. METHODS： Different forms of hand clasping and arm folding were recorded. More specifically, hand clasping was either right-thumb-top or left-thumb-top, and arm folding was either right-arm-top or left-arm-top. Students with congruent preference used right-thumb-top-right-arm-top or left-thumb-top-left-arm-top, and incongruent preference was displayed by right-thumb-top-left-arm-top or left-thumb-top-right-arm-top. Academic performances were collected from midterm exams in six subjects （Chinese, Mathematics, English, Physics, Chemistry, and Biology）, with a total points = 100 for each. A three-way （hand clasping, arm folding, and sex） ANOVA was performed to determine the effect on academic performances. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The relationship between hand clasping, arm folding, sex, and academic performance of students. RESULTS： （1） There was no significant difference in distribution frequency between right-thumb-top and left-thumb-top （P 〉 0.05）, or between right-arm-top and left-arm-top （P 〉 0.05）. The distribution frequency difference between boys and girls was not significant for any subtype （P 〉 0.05）. （2） hand clasping had no significant main effect on any of the six subjects （P 〉 0.05）. The right-arm-top students received significantly higher points in Chinese, Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, compared with the left-arm-top students （P 〈 0.05）. A significant sexual difference was detected in academic performance in Chinese and English; girls had higher scores than the boys （P 〈 0.05）. The students with congruent preference scored higher in English, compared with those with incongruent preference （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： The arm folding form of lateral preference had a significant effect on academic performance of middle school students, implying that this human laterality index is of great functional importance.

Influence of physical self and mindfulness on the academic possible selves of freshman nursing students

Objective:The purposes of this study were to investigate the general level of the mindfulness,physical self,and academic possible selves in the freshman nursing students,and to explore the relationship among the three variables,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the freshmen to improve their academic achievement on the basis of the correct understanding of the physical self.Methods:A total of 360 freshman nursing students were enrolled in this study from a medical school in Yantai City.Data were collected using three questionnaires:Body Self-description Questionnaire,Five Factors Mindfulness Questionnaire,and Academic Possible Selves Questionnaire.There were 341 valid questionnaires.Results:The mindfulness of the freshmen nursing students was at a medium level(3.03±0.28),their attitude to physical self(3.66±0.58)and academic possible selves(3.33±0.50)were positive.There were significant gender differences among coordination,physical activity,athletic ability,strength,endurance,observation,non-response,total physical self-score,and negative future academic possible selves.In the above factors,except negative future academic possible selves,the scores for boys were higher than that for girls(all P<0.05).There were significant positive relationships between physical self,mindfulness,and academic possible selves.Self-esteem,acting with awareness,endurance,and description were effective positive predictors of the academic possible selves,with a total explanation rate of 33.6%.Conclusion:There were close relationships among the physical self,the level of mindfulness,and the academic possible selves.Positive physical self-description and high level of mindfulness could help individuals develop a positive attitude toward their academic possible selves.

Video Games and School Performances of Dakar High School Students

The triptych (Smartphones, Video games, adolescents) has imposed itself on the collective consciousness in the form of questioning to the point of becoming a social phenomenon. It thus raises concerns about the uses that adolescents make of it and the effects on their academic performance, which we proposed to study among middle school students from the Dakar academy inspection. Where appropriate, we used mixed methods with the collection techniques of questionnaire survey, semi-structured interviews respectively with middle school students, adults (parents, supervisors, teachers, etc.), participant observation and literature review. Concretely, before accessibility to video games, the middle school students were more idle and well-behaved, watched a lot of TV, played with their brothers and sisters or did household chores. The majority of young people had good, very good or excellent conduct and their averages were fair, fairly good or good. With access to a diverse digital environment, middle school students have passionately turned to video games. As a result, their learning time, concentration and submission to parental injunctions have declined significantly. This situation negatively affected their academic performance and encouraged bad behavior.

Associations between Rejective Parenting Style and Academic Anxiety among Chinese High School Students:The Chain Mediation Effect of Self-Concept and Positive Coping Style

Background:The phenomenon of academic anxiety has been demonstrated to exert a considerable influence on students’academic engagement,leading to the emergence of a phenomenon known as“learned helplessness”and undermining the selfconfidence and motivation of high school students.Using acceptance-rejection theory,this study elucidated how a rejective parenting style affects Chinese high school students’academic anxiety and explored the urban-rural heterogeneity of this relationship.Methods:Data were analyzed using a stratified whole-cluster random sampling method.There are a total of 30,000 high school students in the three regions of northern and central China(from Shanxi,Hebei and Henan).A sample of 2286 high school students aged 14–19 years was ultimately selected from 2760 respondents for this investigation,which was conducted at the beginning of the 2023 school year.Pearson correlation,ordinary least squares(OLS)regression analysis,path analysis,and Fisher’s permutation test(FPT)were used to examine the effects of rejective parenting style on high school students’academic anxiety.Results:Results indicated a significant positive predictive effect between rejective parenting style and academic anxiety among high school students(β=0.815,t=116.211,p<0.001).Students’self-concept was significantly positively related to positive coping style(β=0.424,t=21.208,p<0.001)and chain-mediated this relationship.Therefore,this parenting style may indirectly mitigate academic anxiety through these mediators.The study also found that the effect of rejective parenting style on academic anxiety varied by students’residential background and was more pronounced in urban areas(0.226)than in rural areas(0.130).Conclusion:The research underscores the imperative for Chinese families to reexamine their utilization of rejection parenting and to prioritize the cultivation of students’intrinsic attributes.These findings offer a theoretical framework and practical evidence for policymakers and educators to develop efficacious and targeted interventions.In particular,greater attention should be directed towards the discrepancies in the manifestation of emotional and academic anxiety between urban and rural students,and prompt guidance should be furnished.

此消彼长还是互惠共生:集团化办学对学生学业成绩的影响

当前集团化办学是地方推进义务教育优质均衡发展的重要途径。但目前对集团化办学是否能促进优质资源共享和薄弱学校学生学业成绩提升尚有争议。因此,有必要对集团化办学的整体成效进行评估。本研究利用2023年华中师范大学课题组4省份调研数据,探讨了集团化办学对学生学业成绩的影响。研究发现:第一,集团化办学对受援学校学生的学业成绩有显著促进作用,受援学校学生学业成绩增值主要来源于教师教学质量的改善;第二,集团化办学对不同受援学校的学生群体学业成绩的影响具有异质性,对初中生及弱势家庭学生的学业成绩影响更大;第三,集团化办学不仅可以提升受援学校学生学业成绩,而且对援助学校学生学业成绩也有积极影响,集团化办学的效果是“互惠共生”而不是“此消彼长”。研究建议应坚持集团化办学的政策导向,不断完善相关政策保障机制,建立教师学习发展共同体,促进集团校共同发展。

学前教育经历对小学中低年级学生学业表现的影响——基于CFPS数据的实证研究

学前教育是我国国民教育体系的组成部分,是重要的社会公益事业。基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2018年数据,采用计量分析方法,探讨学前教育获得年限和学前教育获得质量(幼儿园性质)对小学中低年级学生语文、数学学业表现的影响。结果表明,学前教育获得年限可以预测小学中低年级学生的数学成绩,且在不同性别、年级、户口类型的学生中存在差异;学前教育获得质量对小学中低年级学生的语文、数学成绩均无显著影响。建议在确保幼儿学前教育基本获得年限的基础上,完善学前教育供给,促进家园共育,以进一步保障幼儿获得高质量的学前教育。

法学十个二级学科的十年发展:知识生产的视角

构建具有中国特色的自主法学学科体系和学术体系,首先需要对十个二级学科的发展状况进行梳理,从而勾勒出中国法学学科体系的整体图景。本文以中国人文社会科学综合评价资源库的数据为基础,以知识生产能力为观察视角,以知识生产的机构、作者、作品及其影响力等视角,展示了中国法学在2009—2018年间的发展情况。从整体上看,法学十个二级学科在这十年间都积极参与高层次的论文发表与知识生产,但在学术资源配置、论文产出数量、学术共同体规模、人才梯队建设、学术作品影响力等方面,不同二级学科之间存在一定的差异。以五院四系和几个新兴法学院为代表的头部法学院可以做到十个二级学科的协调发展,而更多的法学院则在不同方面存在学科短板。一所大学的发展或许可采用差异化竞争策略,但法学学科体系的建设不宜有短板,因为法学是一门实践性的学问,十个二级学科的知识联动才能推动整体意义上的法治。因此,在充分把握不同二级学科发展现状的基础上补齐短板、优化人才梯队、坚持学术导向、构建良好的学术竞争机制,将有助于提升法学知识生产的整体质量与效率,也是构建中国自主法学学科体系和学术体系的基础所在。

教―学―评一致性的关键环节:课程标准的深度理解与落实

教―学―评一致性是基于课程标准的一致性,对课程标准的深度理解和全面落实是教―学―评一致性的关键环节。从课程标准的视角,分析考生在2024年天津市普通高中学业水平等级性考试历史学科中的水平表现,并提出教学优化建议:重视“课程性质与基本理念”,切实改变教育观念;认识“学科核心素养与课程目标”,真正落实课程要求;分析“课程内容”,践行“教学提示”和“学业要求”。

不同类型学业压力对不同年级高中生执行功能子成分的影响

选取985名高一~高三年级的学生,采用相关分析和结构方程模型等方法考察了学业压力4个子维度在不同年级高中生各执行功能成分中的作用。结果发现,随着高中生年级的升高,父母压力和教师压力对各执行功能成分的负向预测作用逐渐增强,社交压力对各执行功能成分的负向预测作用逐渐减弱。相比之下,自我压力对高中生的干扰抑制、反应抑制和注意转换能力均显示出了正向预测作用,并随年级的升高而增强。这表明,不同类型学业压力对各执行功能成分的预测作用存在差异,并将随高中生年级的升高而发生变化。本研究所产生的结论对于教育工作者有效制定高中生学业压力应对策略具有重要的启示意义。

基于海派伤科发展历程探索“同中存异”流派传承新模式的构建

海派中医是在近代上海地区特定的多因素环境下,形成的一种独具地域色彩和内涵的医药文化现象,在我国中医药学的发展历史上占据着重要地位。传承是中医药发展的命脉所在,而不同的传承模式决定着流派的盛与衰。通过回顾海派伤科的发展历程,总结石氏伤科的传承经验,拟将海派各家伤科流派汇聚于诊疗中心,充分发扬各家特色优势,同时该中心融名中医师承、名中医工作室、人才研修项目及研究生教育等多种模式为一体,采用“一带多”与“多带一”相结合的流派师承模式,以探索一种“同中存异”的伤科流派传承发展的新模式。

辛智科“脾胃中心”理论及其在杂病中的应用

辛智科在五十年临床实践工作中总结出“脾胃中心”理论,“脾胃中心”理论有着深厚的学术积淀和历史来源,具有很高的学术价值和临床指导意义。辛智科认为应从整体看待疾病,各科病证在理论渊源上有着千丝万缕的联系,脾胃作为后天之本、气机升降之枢纽,占据五脏六腑之中心、具有沟通上下内外的重要地位和作用。本文浅析辛智科“脾胃中心”理论渊源、中医内涵及在临床各种杂病中的应用经验,进一步阐明“脾胃中心”理论的临床实用性。

“澄江针灸学派”第四代传人陆斌教授治疗面瘫30年经验拾粹

针灸治疗面瘫有着相当长的历史,早在《黄帝内经》中就有记载。针灸操作简便,见效快,经济实用,无毒副作用,面瘫是针灸科常见病和优势病种。现代研究显示针灸能通过刺激特定穴位,改善面部的血液循环,增强神经传导能力,加速神经再生和修复,促进面部肌肉的收缩和舒张,促进面部神经的再生和恢复功能。陆斌教授在30年临床实践中不断探索总结,形成了对该病的独到见解,首先强调认病识症以正本清源,而后方能实行分期序贯治疗;治疗上坚持以针为主,针药结合,治疗过程中注重动态观察,谨防倒错等后遗症发生,并衷中参西,整体把握病势与转归。此外还总结出一系列注意事项用以患教,助力疾病康复。

初中生父母学业参与与学习投入的关系:学业情绪的中介作用

为提升学生的学业投入水平,探讨初中生父母学业参与同初中生学业情绪及学习投入的关系。采用父母学业参与、青少年学业情绪与学习投入问卷对225名初中生进行实测取样,采用Pearson相关分析、多元回归分析及Bootstrap中介效应检验分析初中生学业情绪在父母学业参与在其学习投入中的中介效应。结果显示,父母的学业参与同初中生积极情绪及其各维度、学习投入及其各维度均呈显著正相关关系,与消极情绪及其各维度呈显著负相关关系。积极情绪与学习投入及其各维度呈显著正相关关系,消极情绪与学习投入及其各维度呈显著负相关关系。初中生学业情绪在父母学业参与与学习投入间起部分中介作用。父母应当适度提高对子女学业的参与程度,引导子女提升积极学业情绪、降低消极学业情绪,以不断提升初中生的学习投入水平。