Programmed cell death 1 inhibitor sintilimab plus S-1 and gemcitabine for liver metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a highly aggressive cancer with poor prognosis.When it metastasizes to the liver,treatment options become particularly limited and challenging.Current treatment options for liver metastatic PDAC are limited,and chemotherapy alone often proves insufficient.Immunotherapy,particularly programmed cell death 1(PD-1)inhibitors like sintilimab,shows potential efficacy for various cancers but has limited reports on PDAC.This study compares the efficacy and safety of sintilimab plus S-1 and gemcitabine vs S-1 and gemcitabine alone in liver metastatic PDAC.AIM To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of combined PD-1 inhibitor sintilimab and S-1 and gemcitabine(combination group)vs S-1 and gemcitabine used alone(chemotherapy group)for treating liver metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma.METHODS Eligible patients were those with only liver metastatic PDAC,an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-1,adequate organ and marrow functions,and no prior anticancer therapy.Participants in the combination group received intravenous sintilimab 200 mg every 3 weeks,oral S-140 mg/m²twice daily on days 1-14 of a 21-day cycle,and intravenous gemcitabine 1000 mg/m²on days 1 and 8 of the same cycle for up to eight cycles or until disease progression,death,or unacceptable toxicity.Participants in the chemotherapy group received oral S-140 mg/m²twice daily on days 1-14 of a 21-day cycle and intravenous gemcitabine 1000 mg/m²on days 1 and 8 of the same cycle for up to eight cycles.Between June 2020 and December 2021,66 participants were enrolled,with 32 receiving the combination treatment and 34 receiving chemotherapy alone.RESULTS The group receiving the combined therapy exhibited a markedly prolonged median overall survival(18.8 months compared to 10.3 months,P<0.05)and progression-free survival(9.6 months vs 5.4 months,P<0.05).compared to the chemotherapy group.The incidence of severe adverse events did not differ significantly between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The combination of PD-1 inhibitor sintilimab with S-1 and gemcitabine demonstrated effectiveness and safety for treating liver metastatic PDAC,meriting further investigation.

Selenoprotein P1 as a biomarker of insulin resistance in pediatric obesity:Insights and implications

This editorial discusses the findings of Elbarky et al on the role of selenoprotein P1(SEPP1)in pediatric obesity and insulin resistance.Their study uncovered si-gnificantly lower SEPP1 Levels in children who were obese compared with hea-lthy peers,demonstrating a negative correlation between SEPP1 levels and mea-sures of adiposity and insulin resistance.These findings suggest that SEPP1 is a biomarker useful in the early identification of insulin resistance in pediatric populations.This editorial emphasizes the clinical implications of the study and calls for further research to validate and explore the role of SEPP1 in metabolic health.

Loss-of-function mutations of microRNA-142-3p promote ASH1L expression to induce immune evasion and hepatocellular carcinoma progression

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has been a pervasive malignancy throughout the world with elevated mortality.Efficient therapeutic targets are beneficial to treat and predict the disease.Currently,the exact molecular mechanisms leading to the progression of HCC are still unclear.Research has shown that the microRNA-142-3p level decreases in HCC,whereas bioinformatics analysis of the cancer genome atlas database shows the ASH1L expression increased among liver tumor tissues.In this paper,we will explore the effects and mechanisms of microRNA-142-3p and ASH1L affect the prognosis of HCC patients and HCC cell bioactivity,and the association between them.AIM To investigate the effects and mechanisms of microRNA-142-3p and ASH1L on the HCC cell bioactivity and prognosis of HCC patients.METHODS In this study,we grouped HCC patients according to their immunohistochemistry results of ASH1L with pathological tissues,and retrospectively analyzed the prognosis of HCC patients.Furthermore,explored the roles and mechanisms of microRNA-142-3p and ASH1L by cellular and animal experiments,which involved the following experimental methods:Immunohistochemical staining,western blot,quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction,flow cytometric analysis,tumor xenografts in nude mice,etc.The statistical methods involved in this study contained t-test,one-way analysis of variance,theχ^(2)test,the Kaplan-Meier approach and the log-rank test.RESULTS In this study,we found that HCC patients with high expression of ASH1L possess a more recurrence rate as well as a decreased overall survival rate.ASH1L promotes the tumorigenicity of HCC and microRNA-142-3p exhibits reduced expression in HCC tissues and interacts with ASH1L through targeting the ASH1L 3′untranslated region.Furthermore,microRNA-142-3p promotes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation,invasion,and migration of HCC cell lines in vitro via ASH1L.For the exploration mechanism,we found ASH1L may promote an immunosuppressive microenvironment in HCC and ASH1L affects the expression of the cell junction protein zonula occludens-1,which is potentially relevant to the immune system.CONCLUSION Loss function of microRNA-142-3p induces cancer progression and immune evasion through upregulation of ASH1L in HCC.Both microRNA-142-3p and ASH1L can feature as new biomarker for HCC in the future.

Salsolinol as an RNA m~6A methylation inducer mediates dopaminergic neuronal death by regulating YAP1 and autophagy

Salsolinol(1-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline,Sal)is a catechol isoquinoline that causes neurotoxicity and shares structural similarity with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine,an environmental toxin that causes Parkinson's disease.However,the mechanism by which Sal mediates dopaminergic neuronal death remains unclear.In this study,we found that Sal significantly enhanced the global level of N~6-methyladenosine(m~6A)RNA methylation in PC12 cells,mainly by inducing the downregulation of the expression of m~6A demethylases fat mass and obesity-associated protein(FTO)and alk B homolog 5(ALKBH5).RNA sequencing analysis showed that Sal downregulated the Hippo signaling pathway.The m~6A reader YTH domain-containing family protein 2(YTHDF2)promoted the degradation of m~6A-containing Yes-associated protein 1(YAP1)mRNA,which is a downstream key effector in the Hippo signaling pathway.Additionally,downregulation of YAP1 promoted autophagy,indicating that the mutual regulation between YAP1 and autophagy can lead to neurotoxicity.These findings reveal the role of Sal on m~6A RNA methylation and suggest that Sal may act as an RNA methylation inducer mediating dopaminergic neuronal death through YAP1 and autophagy.Our results provide greater insights into the neurotoxic effects of catechol isoquinolines compared with other studies and may be a reference for assessing the involvement of RNA methylation in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.

Interleukin-17A facilitates tumor progression via upregulating programmed death ligand-1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is an inflammation-associated tumor with a dismal prognosis.Immunotherapy has become an important treatment strategy for HCC,as immunity is closely related to inflammation in the tumor microenvir-onment.Inflammation regulates the expression of programmed death ligand-1(PD-L1)in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and affects im-munotherapy efficacy.Interleukin-17A(IL-17A)is involved in the remodeling of the tumor microenvironment and plays a protumor or antitumor role in different tumors.We hypothesized that IL-17A participates in tumor progression by affe-cting the level of immune checkpoint molecules in HCC.The upregulation of PD-L1 expression in HCC cells by IL-17A was assessed by reverse transcription PCR,western blotting,and flow cytometry.Mechanistic studies were conducted with gene knockout models and pathway inhibitors.The function of IL-17A in immune evasion was explored through coculture of T cells and HCC cells.The effects of IL-17A on the malignant biological behaviors of HCC cells were evaluated in vitro,and the antitumor effects of an IL-17A inhibitor and its synergistic effects with a PD-L1 inhibitor were studied in vivo.RESULTS IL-17A upregulated PD-L1 expression in HCC cells in a dose-dependent manner,whereas IL-17A receptor knockout or treatment with a small mothers against decapentaplegic 2 inhibitor diminished the PD-L1 expression induced by IL-17A.IL-17A enhanced the survival of HCC cells in the coculture system.IL-17A increased the viability,G2/M ratio,and migration of HCC cells and decreased the apoptotic index.Cyclin D1,VEGF,MMP9,and Bcl-1 expression increased after IL-17A treatment,whereas BAX expression decreased.The combination of IL-17A and PD-L1 inhibitors showed synergistic antitumor efficacy and increased cluster of differentiation 8+T lymphocyte infiltration in an HCC mouse model.CONCLUSION IL-17A upregulates PD-L1 expression via the IL-17A receptor/phosphorylation-small mothers against decapenta-plegic 2 signaling pathway in HCC cells.Blocking IL-17A enhances the therapeutic efficacy of PD-L1 antibodies in HCC in vivo.

Activin A receptor type 1C single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk in Chinese population

BACKGROUND Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)superfamily plays an important role in tumor progression and metastasis.Activin A receptor type 1C(ACVR1C)is a TGF-βtype I receptor that is involved in tumorigenesis through binding to dif-ferent ligands.AIM To evaluate the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)of ACVR1C and susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)in Chinese Han population.METHODS In this hospital-based cohort study,1043 ESCC patients and 1143 healthy controls were enrolled.Five SNPs(rs4664229,rs4556933,rs77886248,rs77263459,rs6734630)of ACVR1C were assessed by the ligation detection reaction method.Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test,genetic model analysis,stratified analysis,linkage disequi-librium test,and haplotype analysis were conducted.RESULTS Participants carrying ACVR1C rs4556933 GA mutant had significantly decreased risk of ESCC,and those with rs77886248 TA mutant were related with higher risk,especially in older male smokers.In the haplotype analysis,ACVR1C Trs4664229Ars4556933Trs77886248Crs77263459Ars6734630 increased risk of ESCC,while Trs4664229Grs4556933Trs77886248Crs77263459Ars6734630 was associated with lower susceptibility to ESCC.CONCLUSION ACVR1C rs4556933 and rs77886248 SNPs were associated with the susceptibility to ESCC,which could provide a potential target for early diagnosis and treatment of ESCC in Chinese Han population.

AAV mediated carboxyl terminus of Hsp70 interacting protein overexpression mitigates the cognitive and pathological phenotypes of APP/PS1 mice

The E3 ubiquitin ligase,carboxyl terminus of heat shock protein 70(Hsp70)interacting protein(CHIP),also functions as a co-chaperone and plays a crucial role in the protein quality control system.In this study,we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of overexpressed CHIP on Alzheimer’s disease.We used an adeno-associated virus vector that can cross the blood-brain barrier to mediate CHIP overexpression in APP/PS1 mouse brain.CHIP overexpression significantly ameliorated the performance of APP/PS1 mice in the Morris water maze and nest building tests,reduced amyloid-βplaques,and decreased the expression of both amyloid-βand phosphorylated tau.CHIP also alleviated the concentration of microglia and astrocytes around plaques.In APP/PS1 mice of a younger age,CHIP overexpression promoted an increase in ADAM10 expression and inhibitedβ-site APP cleaving enzyme 1,insulin degrading enzyme,and neprilysin expression.Levels of HSP70 and HSP40,which have functional relevance to CHIP,were also increased.Single nuclei transcriptome sequencing in the hippocampus of CHIP overexpressed mice showed that the lysosomal pathway and oligodendrocyte-related biological processes were up-regulated,which may also reflect a potential mechanism for the neuroprotective effect of CHIP.Our research shows that CHIP effectively reduces the behavior and pathological manifestations of APP/PS1 mice.Indeed,overexpression of CHIP could be a beneficial approach for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.

Prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation restores the balance between A_(2A)R-and A_(1)R-mediated adenosine signaling in the 6-hydroxidopamine model of Parkinson's disease

An imbalance in adenosine-mediated signaling,particularly the increased A_(2A)R-mediated signaling,plays a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.Existing therapeutic approaches fail to alter disease progression,demonstrating the need for novel approaches in PD.Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a non-invasive approach that has been shown to improve motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease.However,the underlying mechanisms of the beneficial effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation remain unknown.The purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which the beneficial effects of prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation in the 6-hydroxydopamine model of experimental parkinsonism are based on modulation of adenosine-mediated signaling.Animals with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions underwent intermittent theta burst stimulation for 3 weeks and were tested for motor skills using the Rotarod test.Immunoblot,quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,immunohistochemistry,and biochemical analysis of components of adenosine-mediated signaling were performed on the synaptosomal fraction of the lesioned caudate putamen.Prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation improved motor symptoms in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned animals.A 6-hydroxydopamine lesion resulted in progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the caudate putamen.Treatment with intermittent theta burst stimulation began 7 days after the lesion,coinciding with the onset of motor symptoms.After treatment with prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation,complete motor recovery was observed.This improvement was accompanied by downregulation of the e N/CD73-A_(2A)R pathway and a return to physiological levels of A_(1)R-adenosine deaminase 1 after 3 weeks of intermittent theta burst stimulation.Our results demonstrated that 6-hydroxydopamine-induced degeneration reduced the expression of A_(1)R and elevated the expression of A_(2A)R.Intermittent theta burst stimulation reversed these effects by restoring the abundances of A_(1)R and A_(2A)R to control levels.The shift in ARs expression likely restored the balance between dopamine-adenosine signaling,ultimately leading to the recovery of motor control.

LncRNA GNAS-AS1通过调节miR-449a/Notch1轴参与胃癌细胞的增殖和迁移

目的探究长链非编码RNA(LncRNA)GNAS反义RNA1(GNAS-AS1)通过调节miR-449a/缺刻基因1(Notch1)轴对胃癌(GC)细胞增殖和迁移的影响。方法收集四川省人民医院2013年9月至2017年9月30例确诊为GC的患者肿瘤组织与癌旁组织标本;将GC细胞AGS随机分为对照组(Control组)、si-NC组、si-GNAS-AS1组、si-GNAS-AS1+inhibitor NC组、si-GNAS-AS1+miR-449a inhibitor组。实时荧光定量PCR检测GNAS-AS1、miR-449a和Notch1 mRNA的表达;MTT实验、平板克隆形成实验检测增殖;wound healing实验检测细胞迁移;Transwell实验检测细胞侵袭。Western Blot检测Notch1、E-cadherin、Vimentin、N-cadherin蛋白表达。双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证miR-449a和GNAS-AS1、Notch1的关系。结果与癌旁组织相比,肿瘤组织中GNAS-AS1、Notch1 mRNA表达升高,miR-449a表达降低(P<0.05)。与Control组、si-NC组相比,si-GNAS-AS1组AGS细胞GNAS-AS1表达、OD_(490)值、克隆形成数、划痕愈合率、细胞侵袭数目、Notch1、Vimentin、N-cadherin蛋白表达表达降低,miR-449a表达、E-cadherin蛋白表达升高(P<0.05)。与si-GNASAS1组、si-GNAS-AS1+inhibitor NC组相比,si-GNAS-AS1+miR-449a inhibitor组OD_(490)值、划痕愈合率、细胞侵袭数目、Notch1、Vimentin、N-cadherin表达升高(P<0.05),miR-449a表达、E-cadherin蛋白表达降低(P<0.05)。GNAS-AS1靶向负调控miR-449a表达,miR-449a靶向负调控Notch1表达。结论沉默GNAS-AS1可能通过上调miR-449a来抑制Notch1蛋白的表达,从而抑制GC细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭过程。

Notch1 mRNA和Dickkopf-1在评估非小细胞肺癌患者帕博利珠单抗治疗反应性中的价值

目的探讨Notch1 mRNA和Dickkopf-1在评估非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者帕博利珠单抗治疗反应性中的价值。方法选取2020年7月—2022年9月邯郸市中心医院NSCLC患者169例(NSCLC组)、良性肺结节患者168例(对照组)。收集所有患者的临床资料,检测NSCLC组治疗前和帕博利珠单抗治疗3周、6周,对照组入组时的血清Notch1 mRNA相对表达量和Dickkopf-1水平。评估NSCLC患者帕博利珠单抗治疗6周后的治疗反应性[疾病进展(PD)、疾病控制(DC)]。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价治疗前Notch1 mRNA、Dickkopf-1判断帕博利珠单抗治疗反应性的效能。采用Logistic回归模型分析帕博利珠单抗治疗反应性的影响因素。结果NSCLC组治疗前、治疗3周和治疗6周的血清Notch1 mRNA相对表达量和Dickkopf-1水平均高于对照组(P<0.001)。NSCLC组治疗前、治疗3周和治疗6周的血清Notch1 mRNA相对表达量和Dickkopf-1水平依次降低(P<0.001)。PD组与DC组之间年龄、美国东部肿瘤协作组(ECOG)评分、临床分期、淋巴转移、远隔转移、分化程度、程序性死亡受体配体1(PD-L1)表达和治疗前、治疗3周、治疗6周血清Notch1 mRNA相对表达量、Dickkopf-1水平差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清Notch1 mRNA和Dickkopf-1单项检测和联合检测评估帕博利珠单抗治疗反应性的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.791、0.796、0.861。调整混杂因素后,治疗前高Notch1 mRNA组、高Dickkopf-1组PD风险分别是低Notch1 mRNA组、低Dickkopf-1组的3.517倍、3.326倍[比值比(OR)值分别为3.517、3.326,95%可信区间(CI)分别为2.159~5.728、2.211~5.003]。结论血清Notch1 mRNA表达和Dickkopf-1水平与帕博利珠单抗治疗反应性有关,可作为评估治疗反应性的有效指标。

有氧运动训练影响阿尔茨海默症小鼠海马Notch1、Caspase-3的表达

背景:β-淀粉样蛋白和Tau蛋白会对阿尔茨海默症患者的认知功能产生不良影响,研究发现Notch1及Caspase-3能够调控β-淀粉样蛋白和Tau蛋白的表达。Notch1及Caspase-3是否介导了有氧运动改善阿尔茨海默症患者认知能力的过程还不清楚,目前缺乏长期有氧运动影响阿尔茨海默症小鼠海马中Notch1及Caspase-3表达的研究。目的:观察长期有氧运动干预阿尔茨海默症小鼠的空间学习记忆情况及其海马中Notch1及Caspase-3的表达,探讨Notch1及Caspase-3对阿尔茨海默症小鼠的影响。方法:将3月龄野生型及APP/PS1双转基因阿尔茨海默症小鼠随机分为4组:野生对照组、野生运动组、阿尔茨海默症对照组、阿尔茨海默症运动组,每组20只。对照组小鼠不进行运动,运动组小鼠进行5个月的有氧运动干预。运动干预结束后,采用Morris水迷宫检测小鼠空间学习记忆能力;采用Real-timePCR、免疫荧光及Westernblot检测各组小鼠海马组织Aβ_(1-42)、Tau、Notch1及Caspase-3蛋白的表达。结果与结论:①阿尔茨海默症小鼠空间学习记忆能力显著差于野生组(P<0.05);运动组小鼠空间学习记忆能力显著优于对照组(P<0.05);②阿尔茨海默症对照组小鼠海马Aβ_(1-42)、Tau、Notch1及Caspase-3表达均显著高于野生对照组(P<0.05);阿尔茨海默症运动组小鼠海马Aβ_(1-42)、Tau、Notch1及Caspase-3表达显著低于阿尔茨海默症对照组(P<0.05);③提示:长期有氧运动干预能够改善阿尔茨海默症小鼠的空间学习记忆能力,而这可能与有氧运动降低阿尔茨海默症小鼠海马Notch1、Caspase-3、Aβ_(1-42)及Tau蛋白表达有关。

NONHSAT248596.1内源性竞争miR-146a-5p调控骨关节炎软骨退变的机制

背景:目前已有针对lncRNA\miRNA\mRNA的共表达网络对骨关节炎发生发展调控机制的研究,课题组前期研究已通过数据库筛选出符合条件的NONHSAT248596.1和miR-146a-5p,尚缺乏体内实验来验证上述调控机制。目的:探究NONHSAT248596.1在基质细胞衍生因子1/4型趋化因子受体轴介导体内骨关节炎软骨退变进程中对miR-146a-5p发挥的竞争性内源性RNA调控作用。方法:取36只新西兰兔,通过向右侧后肢膝关节注射基质细胞衍生因子1溶液建立骨关节炎模型,采用随机数字表法分4组,lncRNA组、miRNA组、ceRNA组、对照组分别向造模膝关节内注射NONHSAT248596.1过表达的慢病毒载体、miR-146a-5p过表达的慢病毒载体、miR-146a-5p+NONHSAT248596.1过表达的慢病毒载体及空慢病毒载体。造模第4,8,12周,取膝关节软骨组织和软骨下骨组织进行相关检测。结果与结论:①苏木精-伊红与番红O固绿染色显示,4组软骨组织都有不同程度的退变表现,造模第4周时,lncRNA组软骨组织中的软骨细胞肿胀、细胞极性消失,细胞外基质破坏,出现表层糜烂、裂缝形成和软骨组织局部或全层缺失,并随时间延长软骨损伤程度逐渐加重,4组中miRNA组关节软骨炎症进展最缓慢;②qRT-PCR检测显示,相同时间点下,lncRNA组软骨组织中NONHSAT248596.1、4型趋化因子受体、基质金属蛋白酶3,9及13的mRNA表达量高于其他3组(P<0.05),miR-146a-5p、聚集蛋白聚糖及Ⅱ型胶原的mRNA表达量低于其他3组(P<0.05);造模后第8,12周,miRNA组软骨组织中的NONHSAT248596.1、4型趋化因子受体、基质金属蛋白酶3,9及13的mRNA表达量低于ceRNA组、对照组(P<0.05),miR-146a-5p、聚集蛋白聚糖及Ⅱ型胶原的mRNA表达量高于ceRNA组、对照组(P<0.05);③Western Blot检测显示,相同时间点下,lncRNA组软骨组织中的聚集蛋白聚糖及Ⅱ型胶原蛋白表达量始终低于其他3组(P<0.05);miRNA组造模后第8,12周软骨组织中的聚集蛋白聚糖及Ⅱ型胶原蛋白表达量高于ceRNA组、对照组(P<0.05);④结果表明,miR-146a-5p作为NONHSAT248596.1的作用靶点会受到其竞争性内源性RNA的作用造成活性被抑制,NONHSAT248596.1作用于miR-146a-5p后调控基质细胞衍生因子1/4型趋化因子受体轴,影响骨关节炎软骨组织中基质金属蛋白、Ⅱ型胶原、聚集蛋白聚糖的表达,造成细胞外基质的降解及蛋白多糖的丢失。

RNPS1通过Notch信号通路参与调控胰腺癌细胞的生存及进展

目的:探讨富含丝氨酸结构域1的RNA结合蛋白(RNA-binding protein with serine-rich domain 1,RNPS1)在胰腺癌进展中的作用及可能分子机制。方法:免疫组织化学与免疫荧光检测RNPS1与Notch3在胰腺癌组织及癌旁组织的表达;RTq PCR、免疫荧光检测RNPS1与Notch3在胰腺癌细胞中的表达情况;Hoechst与CCK-8实验检测胰腺癌细胞凋亡与增殖;划痕实验与transwell实验检测胰腺癌细胞迁移与侵袭能力;Western blot实验检测胰腺癌细胞中N-Cadherin和E-Cadherin的表达;Western blot与RT-q PCR实验检测胰腺癌细胞中Notch3与HEY1的表达。结果:与癌旁组织与正常细胞系相比较,RNPS1与Notch3在胰腺癌组织中及胰腺癌细胞的表达均增高(F=121.612、34.649,均P<0.05);与对照组相比较,敲低RNPS1抑制生物标志物N-Cadherin的表达(t=39.922,P<0.05),促进E-Cadherin的表达(t=8.281,P<0.05),敲低RNPS1可减弱癌细胞的生存、迁移侵袭的能力(t=2.017、4.874、19.747,均P<0.05,),促进了细胞凋亡(t=33.673,P<0.05);敲低RNPS1降低了癌细胞中Notch3与HEY1的表达(t=17.546、6.258,均P<0.05)。结论:RNPS1的表达与胰腺癌细胞生存、恶性表型有关,RNPS1可能通过调控Notch3/HEY1信号通路促进胰腺癌细胞的生存及肿瘤进展。

唾液腺腺泡细胞癌中NR4A3基因重排及NOR-1蛋白表达分析

目的:探讨NR4A3基因重排和NOR-1蛋白表达在唾液腺腺泡细胞癌中的表达及在鉴别诊断中的价值。方法:收集2020年5月—2024年1月于上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院口腔病理科诊断的唾液腺癌119例,包括腺泡细胞癌(acinic cell carcinoma,AciCC)63例,黏液表皮样癌(mucoepidermoid carcinoma,MEC)31例,分泌性癌(secretory carcinoma,SC)25例。分别使用荧光原位杂交和免疫组织化学染色检测NR4A3基因重排和NOR-1蛋白表达情况,采用SPSS 18.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:AciCC主要发生于大唾液腺。与MEC和SC相比,AciCC好发于女性(P=0.006)。NR4A3基因重排在AciCC、MEC和SC中的阳性率分别为76.2%(48/63)、0%(0/10)和0%(0/7),NOR-1蛋白表达在AciCC、MEC和SC中的阳性率分别为92.1%(58/63)、9.7%(3/31)和0%(0/25),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。单独使用NR4A3基因重排诊断AciCC时,灵敏度和特异度分别为76.2%和100%。单独使用NOR-1蛋白表达诊断AciCC时,灵敏度和特异度分别为92.1%和94.6%。联合使用NR4A3基因重排和NOR-1蛋白表达诊断AciCC时,灵敏度和特异度分别为96.8%和94.6%,曲线下面积为0.896,诊断价值最优。结论:AciCC好发于女性,主要发病部位为大唾液腺。NR4A3基因重排仅见于AciCC中,在诊断工作中具有100%的特异性,但敏感性较低。NOR-1蛋白表达检测具有很好的灵敏度和特异度,可作为鉴别AciCC、MEC和SC的初筛和替代方法。联合使用NR4A3基因重排和NOR-1蛋白表达检测具有最优的诊断价值。

牛蒡子苷元调控Notch/Hes-1信号通路对口腔鳞状细胞癌HSC-3细胞增殖、凋亡和侵袭的影响

目的:探究牛蒡子苷元(ARC)通过调控Notch/Hes-1信号通路对口腔鳞状细胞癌(OSCC)HSC-3细胞增殖、凋亡和侵袭的影响及其机制。方法:使用不同质量浓度的ARC处理人HSC-3细胞,CCK-8法检测ARC对细胞增殖活力的影响,以选择适宜的药物浓度。将HSC-3细胞分为对照组、ARC-L组(10 mg/L ARC)、ARC-M组(20 mg/L ARC)、ARC-H组(40 mg/L ARC)和ARC-H+Jagged1/FC组(40 mg/L ARC+1.2μg/mL Jagged1/FC)。采用EdU法检测细胞增殖能力,划痕愈合实验、Transwell实验和流式细胞术分别检测细胞的迁移、侵袭能力及细胞周期和细胞凋亡率,WB法检测增殖(c-Myc、cyclin D1)、凋亡(BAX、Bcl-2、survivin)、EMT(E-cadherin、vimentin、Snail)及Notch/Hes-1通路(Notch 1、Hes-1、NICD)相关蛋白的表达水平。结果:与0 mg/L相比,10~80 mg/L的ARC均能显著降低HSC-3细胞增殖活力(均P<0.05)。与对照组相比,ARC-L组、ARC-M组和ARC-H组HSC-3细胞EdU阳性率、划痕愈合率、侵袭细胞数、S期和G2/M期细胞占比及c-Myc、cyclin D1、Bcl-2、survivin、vimentin、Snail、Notch 1、Hes-1和NICD蛋白表达均显著降低(均P<0.05),细胞凋亡率、G0/G1期细胞占比及BAX、E-cadherin的蛋白表达均显著升高(均P<0.05),且呈浓度梯度依赖性。同时使用Notch激动剂Jagged1/FC,则可部分逆转ARC对HSC-3细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭、凋亡及相关蛋白表达的作用(均P<0.05)。结论:ARC可能通过抑制Notch/Hes-1信号通路抑制OSCC细胞HSC-3增殖和侵袭并促进细胞凋亡。

NO与PD-1抗体协同效应在抗肿瘤治疗中的作用及其机制研究进展

一氧化氮(NO)作为细胞内产生的气体信号分子,在肿瘤治疗中展现出双重性:低浓度促进肿瘤生长和血管新生,高浓度则能诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。但NO的生物活性受体内浓度与分布的调控,且其自身的不稳定性和短暂的半衰期限制了在临床中的应用。为了克服这些挑战,研究人员利用纳米技术开发了稳定的NO供体系统,实现了对NO释放的精确时空控制,增强了其在肿瘤治疗中的潜力。程序性死亡蛋白1(Programmed Cell Death 1,PD-1)抗体的肿瘤免疫疗法是通过改变免疫细胞与肿瘤细胞的固有联系和肿瘤微环境,借助自身免疫细胞杀灭肿瘤,但肿瘤细胞会表达较高水平的PD-L1,与PD-1结合导致T细胞失活,从而造成PD-1抗体治疗的个体差异、耐药性以及不良反应。本文综述了NO气体疗法、PD-1抗体疗法以及二者协同效应在抗肿瘤治疗中的作用及其机制探究,将为肿瘤治疗提供新的视角和策略,促进更有效安全治疗方案的开发。

血清NOX4 MUC1表达水平与Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌患者放疗疗效及随访1年总生存率的关系研究

目的:研究血清还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸氧化酶4(NOX4)、黏蛋白1(MUC1)表达水平与Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者放疗疗效及随访1年总生存率的关系。方法:选取2020年4月至2023年3月我院收治的102例Ⅲ期NSCLC患者,均进行放疗干预,并在放疗前检测血清NOX4、MUC1水平,另选择51例健康志愿者作为对照,比较两组血清NOX4、MUC1水平,以及放疗前不同临床特征的Ⅲ期NSCLC患者血清NOX4、MUC1水平。根据放疗效果将Ⅲ期NSCLC患者分为疗效良好组和疗效不佳组,对比两组血清NOX4、MUC1水平。所有患者均进行随访,以中位血清NOX4、MUC1水平为界,比较不同血清NOX4、MUC1水平的患者1年总生存率,并采用单因素和多因素Cox回归分析Ⅲ期NSCLC患者1年生存的影响因素。结果:NSCLC组血清NOX4、MUC1水平均高于对照组(P<0.05)。放疗前不同性别、年龄、体质指数(BMI)、肿瘤位置、肿瘤最大直径、病理分型的Ⅲ期NSCLC患者血清NOX4、MUC1水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。本次102例Ⅲ期NSCLC患者放疗结果显示,疗效良好组例数为55例,疗效不佳组例数为47例。疗效良好组血清NOX4、MUC1水平低于疗效不佳组(P<0.05)。高水平NOX4组患者1年总生存率低于低水平NOX4组(P<0.05),高水平MUC1组患者1年总生存率低于低水平MUC1组(P<0.05)。单因素和多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,血清NOX4、MUC1水平是Ⅲ期NSCLC患者放疗后1年生存的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:Ⅲ期NSCLC患者血清NOX4、MUC1表达水平与其放疗疗效及随访1年总生存率有关,检测血清NOX4、MUC1水平有利于辅助评估患者放疗疗效和早期预后生存情况。

山橿中生物碱类成分Laetanine、Launobine对乙酸致GES-1细胞损伤的保护作用及机制

目的利用乙酸建立胃黏膜上皮细胞(GES-1细胞)损伤模型,研究山橿中生物碱类成分Laetanine、Launobine对GES-1细胞损伤的保护作用及机制。方法通过MTT细胞增殖/毒性实验确定Laetanine、Launobine的最佳给药浓度。分别以浓度为0.01%~0.2%的乙酸培养液作用于GES-1细胞,作用时间分别为3、4、5h,筛选最佳造模条件。利用乙酸建立GES-1细胞损伤模型,测定Laetanine、Launobine含药培养基处理后的细胞存活率;Griess法测定细胞上清液中NO的浓度;ELISA法测定各组细胞上清液中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和前列腺素E2(PGE2)水平;WST-1法检测各实验组超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)抑制率,计算SOD活力值。结果0.1%乙酸溶液处理3h为GES-1细胞损伤的最佳造模条件;与模型组比较,Laetanine、Launobine给药组均能显著升高GES-1细胞存活率(P<0.01);经Laetanine、Launobine处理后,细胞上清液中的NO、TNF-α、IL-6和PGE2水平显著降低,SOD活力显著升高(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论山橿中生物碱类成分Laetanine和Launobine均能保护乙酸损伤的GES-1细胞,减轻GES-1细胞的受损程度,其作用机制可能与其降低NO、TNF-α、IL-6和PGE2水平,升高SOD水平有关,表明Laetanine和Launobine可能为山橿发挥抗胃溃疡作用的有效成分。

Periostin、Notch1、维生素D与自身免疫性甲状腺炎淋巴细胞浸润程度、Treg/Th17的相关性研究

目的探讨骨外膜素(Periostin)、Notch跨膜受体-1(Notch1)m RNA、维生素D(VitD)与自身免疫性甲状腺炎(AIT)淋巴细胞浸润程度、调节性T细胞/辅助性T细胞17(Treg/Th17)的相关性。方法选取2021年7月至2023年12月郑州大学第一附属医院收治的92例AIT患者纳入AIT组,另选取同期50例无甲状腺疾病的健康人群纳入对照组。比较两组受检者的淋巴细胞浸润程度及抗体水平,采用Spearman、Pearson相关系数分析淋巴细胞浸润程度、Treg/Th17与甲状腺功能、抗体水平的相关性,比较两组受检者的Periostin、Notch1 m RNA、VitD及Treg/Th17,采用Pearson相关系数分析Periostin、Notch1 mRNA、VitD与淋巴细胞浸润程度及Treg/Th17的相关性。结果AIT组患者的CD3^(+)、CD3^(+)CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)CD25^(+)CD127^(-)、TgAb、TPOAb、TRAb水平及甲亢/亚临床甲亢、甲减/亚临床甲减患者占比明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson相关系数分析结果显示,CD3^(+)(r=0.579、0.602、0.563)、CD3^(+)CD4^(+)(r=0.612、0.637、0.606)、CD~4+CD25^(+)CD127^(-)(r=0.655、0.643、0.687)与TgAb、TPOAb、TRAb呈正相关(P<0.05);AIT组患者的Periostin、Notch1 m RNA分别为(4.27±1.40)μg/L、1.73±0.56,明显高于对照组的(2.86±0.49)μg/L、1.02±0.14,VitD、Treg/Th17分别为(17.82±5.09)ng/mL、2.82±0.97,明显低于对照组的(22.30±3.76)ng/mL、12.36±2.03,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson相关系数分析结果显示,Periostin(r=0.792、0.811、0.737)、Notch1 mRNA(r=0.812、0.775、0.792)与CD3^(+)、CD3^(+)CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)CD25+CD127-呈正相关(P<0.05),VitD(r=-0.687、-0.753、-0.799)与之呈负相关(P<0.05),且Periostin(r=-0.823)、Notch1 m RNA(r=-0.772)与Treg/Th17呈负相关(P<0.05),VitD(r=0.745)与之呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论Periostin、Notch1 mRNA在AIT患者血清中表达上调,VitD表达下调,各指标与AIT淋巴细胞浸润程度及Treg/Th17均具有一定相关性,可为临床判断病情提供参考,并对后续临床治疗具有一定指导价值。

lncRNA-BBOX1-2通过调控成纤维细胞生长因子受体1促进胃癌的发生和发展

目的探讨长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)BBOX1-2通过调控成纤维细胞生长因子受体1(fibroblast growth factor receptor 1,FGFR1)对胃癌的发生发展机制的影响。方法回顾性选取2017年4月至2019年1月于上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院卢湾分院接受胃癌根治术30例病人肿瘤组织及癌旁相应正常组织作为研究对象,采用实时定量PCT(real-time PCR,RT-PCR)检测lncRNA-BBOX1-2和FGFR1表达;si-linc-BBOX1-2转染SGC-7901细胞后,通过蛋白质印迹法/细胞存活率分析(MTT)、细胞迁移和侵袭(Transwell)实验、细胞划痕、平板克隆一系列生物学功能实验,检测肿瘤细胞生物学功能及FGFR1表达的变化。结果胃癌组织中的lncRNA-BBOX1-2(3.68±0.58比1.15±0.11)和FGFR1(4.26±0.71比1.19±0.18)表达显著高于癌旁正常组织(P<0.05);si-linc-BBOX1-2转染SGC-7901细胞后,FGFR1表达下调,细胞活力、迁移、侵袭和生存能力明显下降。结论LincRNA-BBOX1-2可通过调控FGFR1的表达介导胃癌细胞的增殖、凋亡、迁移和侵袭,可能为胃癌的治疗提供了新的靶点和潜在的生物学标志物。