本研究旨在克隆新吉细毛羊和小尾寒羊的角蛋白关联蛋白2(keratin-associated protein 2,KAP2)基因并对其进行生物信息学分析,并初步探讨KAP2基因与羊毛毛用性状分子的关系。分别提取新吉细毛羊和小尾寒羊皮肤组织中总RNA,用RT-PCR方法扩...本研究旨在克隆新吉细毛羊和小尾寒羊的角蛋白关联蛋白2(keratin-associated protein 2,KAP2)基因并对其进行生物信息学分析,并初步探讨KAP2基因与羊毛毛用性状分子的关系。分别提取新吉细毛羊和小尾寒羊皮肤组织中总RNA,用RT-PCR方法扩增KAP2基因,将PCR产物克隆于pMD19-T载体,转入大肠杆菌DH5α感受态细胞,筛选阳性克隆。提取扩增后的重组质粒pMD19-T-KAP2并进行PCR扩增、双酶切鉴定、序列测定及蛋白质结构预测。结果表明,试验成功克隆了大小为463bp的KAP2基因,开放阅读框架(ORF)长414bp,编码137个氨基酸。测序结果比对发现,与小尾寒羊KAP2基因相比,新吉细毛羊的KAP2基因中存在1个由G→A的碱基突变,编码氨基酸由精氨酸(Arg)变为谷氨酰胺(Gln),属于错义突变。新吉细毛羊和小尾寒羊的KAP2蛋白的分子质量分别为14.81和14.84ku,等电点分别是9.67与9.82,两种绵羊KAP蛋白的基本理化性质无明显差异,同属于碱性疏水性、跨膜蛋白;预测到蛋白二级结构均由α螺旋、延伸链、无规则卷曲等构成,新吉细毛羊和小尾寒羊KAP2蛋白三级结构中存在一个由α螺旋引起的空间结构的差异位点。综合以上结果推测KAP2基因可能是影响羊毛性状的差异基因,本试验结果可为探讨两种绵羊毛用性状表型差异的分子遗传奠定理论基础。展开更多
Over the last decades,people from almost all over the world have realized that it is necessary to quickly develop strategies for the control and reduction of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions.Among various GHGs,carbon ...Over the last decades,people from almost all over the world have realized that it is necessary to quickly develop strategies for the control and reduction of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions.Among various GHGs,carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most abundant GHG.Its underground storage involves less risk and lower levels of dangerousness.The paper briefly describes the most effective technologies available in the market for background processes to storage (capture and transport) CO2,as well as the more secure solutions for its storage,in particular for the geological storage in carboniferous formations.This paper also outlines the methodologies for the risk assessment involved in storage of CO2,with a particular focus on cases where the injection is made into unminable coal seams and in abandoned coalmines.Methodologies used for risk analysis are described in detail with particular emphasis on Bayesian network (BN).Some applications regarding the risk assessment of CO2 injection processes and CO2 storage in carboniferous formations and contamination of aquifers are presented and analyzed.Finally,based on the applications of BN,several conclusions are drawn.展开更多
There are a large number of abandoned coalmines in China,and most of them are located around major coal-fired power stations,which are the largest emission sources of carbon dioxide(CO2).Considering the injection of C...There are a large number of abandoned coalmines in China,and most of them are located around major coal-fired power stations,which are the largest emission sources of carbon dioxide(CO2).Considering the injection of CO2 into abandoned coalmines,which are usually in the flooded condition,it is necessary to investigate the effect of CO2-water-coal interaction on minerals and pore structures at different pressures,temperatures and times.It reveals that the CO2-water-coal interaction can significantly improve the solubility of Ca,S,Mg,K,Si,Al,Fe and Na.By comparing the mineral content and pore structure before and after CO2-water-coal interaction,quartz and kaolinite were found to be the main secondary minerals,which increased in all samples.The structures of micropores and mesopores in the range of 1.5-8 nm were changed obviously.Specific surface areas and pore volumes first increased and then decreased with pressure and time,while both increased with temperature.By using the Frenkel-Halsey-Hill model,the fractal dimensions of all samples were analyzed based on D(s1)and D(s2),which reflected the co mplexities of the pore surface and pore volume,respectively.The re sults show that fractal dimensions had very weak positive correlations with the carbon content.D(s1)had a positive correlation with the quartz and kaolinite contents,while D(s2)had a negative correlation with the quartz and kaolinite contents.展开更多
文摘本研究旨在克隆新吉细毛羊和小尾寒羊的角蛋白关联蛋白2(keratin-associated protein 2,KAP2)基因并对其进行生物信息学分析,并初步探讨KAP2基因与羊毛毛用性状分子的关系。分别提取新吉细毛羊和小尾寒羊皮肤组织中总RNA,用RT-PCR方法扩增KAP2基因,将PCR产物克隆于pMD19-T载体,转入大肠杆菌DH5α感受态细胞,筛选阳性克隆。提取扩增后的重组质粒pMD19-T-KAP2并进行PCR扩增、双酶切鉴定、序列测定及蛋白质结构预测。结果表明,试验成功克隆了大小为463bp的KAP2基因,开放阅读框架(ORF)长414bp,编码137个氨基酸。测序结果比对发现,与小尾寒羊KAP2基因相比,新吉细毛羊的KAP2基因中存在1个由G→A的碱基突变,编码氨基酸由精氨酸(Arg)变为谷氨酰胺(Gln),属于错义突变。新吉细毛羊和小尾寒羊的KAP2蛋白的分子质量分别为14.81和14.84ku,等电点分别是9.67与9.82,两种绵羊KAP蛋白的基本理化性质无明显差异,同属于碱性疏水性、跨膜蛋白;预测到蛋白二级结构均由α螺旋、延伸链、无规则卷曲等构成,新吉细毛羊和小尾寒羊KAP2蛋白三级结构中存在一个由α螺旋引起的空间结构的差异位点。综合以上结果推测KAP2基因可能是影响羊毛性状的差异基因,本试验结果可为探讨两种绵羊毛用性状表型差异的分子遗传奠定理论基础。
基金support from the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs,China,for the research project "Risk assessment of CO 2 injection processes in carboniferous formations" at State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering,China University of Science and Technology (Beijing)
文摘Over the last decades,people from almost all over the world have realized that it is necessary to quickly develop strategies for the control and reduction of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions.Among various GHGs,carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most abundant GHG.Its underground storage involves less risk and lower levels of dangerousness.The paper briefly describes the most effective technologies available in the market for background processes to storage (capture and transport) CO2,as well as the more secure solutions for its storage,in particular for the geological storage in carboniferous formations.This paper also outlines the methodologies for the risk assessment involved in storage of CO2,with a particular focus on cases where the injection is made into unminable coal seams and in abandoned coalmines.Methodologies used for risk analysis are described in detail with particular emphasis on Bayesian network (BN).Some applications regarding the risk assessment of CO2 injection processes and CO2 storage in carboniferous formations and contamination of aquifers are presented and analyzed.Finally,based on the applications of BN,several conclusions are drawn.
基金The National Key Research and Development Plan(Grant No.2016YFC0501104)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51522903 and 51479094)。
文摘There are a large number of abandoned coalmines in China,and most of them are located around major coal-fired power stations,which are the largest emission sources of carbon dioxide(CO2).Considering the injection of CO2 into abandoned coalmines,which are usually in the flooded condition,it is necessary to investigate the effect of CO2-water-coal interaction on minerals and pore structures at different pressures,temperatures and times.It reveals that the CO2-water-coal interaction can significantly improve the solubility of Ca,S,Mg,K,Si,Al,Fe and Na.By comparing the mineral content and pore structure before and after CO2-water-coal interaction,quartz and kaolinite were found to be the main secondary minerals,which increased in all samples.The structures of micropores and mesopores in the range of 1.5-8 nm were changed obviously.Specific surface areas and pore volumes first increased and then decreased with pressure and time,while both increased with temperature.By using the Frenkel-Halsey-Hill model,the fractal dimensions of all samples were analyzed based on D(s1)and D(s2),which reflected the co mplexities of the pore surface and pore volume,respectively.The re sults show that fractal dimensions had very weak positive correlations with the carbon content.D(s1)had a positive correlation with the quartz and kaolinite contents,while D(s2)had a negative correlation with the quartz and kaolinite contents.
